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The invention discloses an ultralow backscattering extinction device for weak light detection. The center of the end face of one end of the outer shell is provided with a circular inlet used for receiving emergent light beams from a telescope. An inlet shading short cylinder with a visual angle is arranged on the inner side of the circular inlet; more than two groups of light blocking ring assemblies are arranged on the side wall of the cylindrical inner cavity in the closed inner cavity of the outer shell along the optical axis direction; a bottom center cone is arranged in the center of the bottom of an inner cavity of the outer shell, and a conical surface microstructure is arranged on the surface of the bottom center cone; a conical tip trap hole is formed in the conical tip of the bottom center cone in the optical axis direction. The bottom of the conical tip trap hole is provided with a hole bottom inclined absorption surface which is inclined relative to the optical axis and used for enabling light in the hole bottom mirror reflection direction to deviate from the inlet optical axis. The objective of the invention is to solve the problem of measurement of backward stray light generated in the process that an exit pupil of a telescope on a space gravitational wave optical platform emits opposite light.