The invention discloses an immobilized biochar-microalgae material. The immobilized biochar-microalgae material is immobilized microspheres obtained by embedding the microalgae and the biochar with gel microspheres. The microalgae and the biochar are embedded simultaneously, so that the immobilized microspheres are higher in mechanical strength and better in stability and mass transfer performance. The pore structure of the biochar can accommodate the microalgae, improve the immobilization strength and provide nutrient components required by the microalgae. The microalgae and the biochar are coupled in a synergistic manner, so that the removal efficiency of immobilized spheres is improved on nitrogen, phosphorus, organic carbon, heavy metals, etc., the immobilized spheres have good reusability, and the service life of the immobilized spheres in the wastewater treatment is prolonged. The invention discloses application of the immobilized biochar-microalgae material in the wastewater treatment and treatments on nitrogen, phosphorus, organic carbon and heavy metals, with the advantages of high efficiency, good reusability, etc. The invention also discloses a preparation method of theimmobilized biochar-microalgae material, so that the immobilized microspheres with high removal rates of nitrogen, phosphorus, organic carbon and heavy metals in wastewater, good reusability and longservice life can be prepared.