25 results about "Diffusion reaction" patented technology

The invention discloses a Cu and secondary aluminum cast-rolling solid-liquid composite material and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the field of metal recycling, the Cu and secondary aluminum cast-rolling solid-liquid composite material comprises a Cu layer and a secondary aluminum layer, and the Cu layer and the secondary aluminum layer form metallurgical bonding at an interface through a cast-rolling process; a diffusion bonding layer with components changing in a gradient manner exists at the interface, the thickness of the diffusion bonding layer is 5-50 microns, and a continuous or discontinuous intermetallic compound layer is generated in the diffusion bonding layer; according to the Cu and secondary aluminum cast-rolling solid-liquid composite material and the preparation method thereof, through a pre-oxidation-cast-rolling composite technology, a compact Cu2O film is prepared on the surface of Cu in advance, and a controllable reduction-diffusion reaction occurs when the compact Cu2O film makes contact with a secondary aluminum melt; according to the process, an interface barrier is removed, and newly-generated active Cu atoms and Al atoms form a diffusion bonding layer with components changing in a gradient mode under rapid cooling and pressure of a casting roller.

This invention relates to the field of metal matrix composite material preparation technology, and discloses a method for preparing a bundled vanadium carbide reinforced steel matrix composite material, comprising: immersing vanadium wire in a pretreatment chemical isolation liquid and drying it to form a precursor solid film on the surface; fabricating a preform from the vanadium wire with the solid film on the surface using a three-dimensional orthogonal weaving process; placing the preform in a vacuum sintering furnace and heating it to complete solid-phase pre-alloying; fixing the preform in a mold and preheating it under a protective atmosphere; melting a high-carbon steel matrix material until it is completely liquefied, injecting it into the mold to immerse the preform, and cooling it to obtain a composite preform block; subjecting the composite preform block to in-situ reaction diffusion heat treatment to obtain the composite material. This invention prevents the thermal loss of vanadium wire during liquid casting and, through in-situ diffusion reaction, allows the generated vanadium carbide to inherit the initial weaving morphology, achieving a three-dimensional bundled uniform distribution of the reinforcing phase within the steel matrix.

The invention relates to a preparation method and application of a Turing-shaped high-entropy alloy catalyst under an interlayer confinement range, and belongs to the technical field of catalyst preparation and electro-catalysis. According to the method, materials are ingeniously taken, commercialized crystalline flake graphite which is low in cost and resistant to acid and alkali corrosion is particularly selected to be combined with aniline to assist metal salt cation coordination, and simple mixing and sufficient intercalation are conducted firstly. And finally, performing in-situ pyrolysis on the metal salt ions confined between the carbon layers through low-temperature heat treatment, and promoting the formation of a Turing structure pattern with uniform size and uniform distribution by virtue of a confinement diffusion-reaction mechanism, so as to successfully obtain the Turing-shaped high-entropy alloy catalyst. In a performance test, the catalyst shows excellent three-function electro-catalysis HER / ORR / OER activity and stability under an alkaline medium. Furthermore, an oxygen electricity-hydrogen electricity sustainable energy system based on self-driving of the metal-air battery is constructed by virtue of the excellent multifunctional catalytic performance of the catalyst.

This invention discloses a method, system, equipment, and medium for controlling pollutant concentration in wastewater pipe networks, relating to the field of drainage system technology. The method includes: obtaining the mass flushing rate of pollutants under pipe scouring; collecting the amount of components generated by chemical reactions within the pipe; constructing a pollutant reaction model; and, based on convection diffusion, obtaining the concentration changes of sediments following wastewater, constructing a convection diffusion reaction model. The mass flushing rate, pollutant reaction model, and convection diffusion reaction model are coupled to obtain a pollutant concentration prediction coupling model. The pollutant concentration in the wastewater pipe network is predicted based on the pollutant concentration prediction coupling model, and the pollutant concentration is divided into multiple levels. Different flushing methods are selected within different levels to control the pollutant concentration in the wastewater pipe network. This invention can adopt different methods according to different actual scenarios, thereby controlling the pollutant concentration within a reasonable range.

This invention discloses a method, device, system, and storage medium for predicting the thermo-oxidative aging performance of polyamide, including: acquiring experimental data of polyamide thermo-oxidative aging under various coupled conditions such as oxygen pressure, temperature, and sample thickness, and the corresponding tensile strength retention rate; constructing a modified response prediction closed-form formula based on the diffusion-reaction synergistic mechanism and introducing it as a soft physics constraint into the model; employing a multi-objective joint training strategy to simultaneously minimize data fitting error and physical equation residuals; evaluating and visualizing the performance of the trained model, solving for and outputting the model parameters. Using the technical solution of this invention, PINN driven by the reaction-diffusion synergistic closed-form formula is used to predict the thermo-oxidative aging performance of polyamide under multiple coupled conditions.

To provide a clad structure and battery terminal component that easily ensure bonding strength between aluminum and copper materials without requiring a diffusion reaction suppression layer composed of Ni, and which offers long-term reliability even for battery applications such as in automobiles.SOLUTION: A clad structure has a first shaft portion including a first shaft outer surface extending downward and a first shaft bottom surface at the downwardly extending end, and a flange portion having a flange top surface and a flange bottom surface extending radially from the upper end of the first shaft portion and perpendicular to the first shaft portion. A clad structure has a first surface made of an aluminum alloy material extends from the flange outer surface to the flange upper surface, and a second surface made of a copper material extends from the flange outer surface to the flange lower surface. An aluminum material containing 99 mass% or more of Al is present between the aluminum alloy material and the copper material. A battery terminal component uses the clad structure.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

According to the copper-tungsten carbide electric contact material and the preparation method thereof, a nano titanium carbide transition layer capable of forming strong metallurgical bonding with WC and Cu is generated on the surface of tungsten carbide particles in situ through a collaborative process of ball milling coating and reduction diffusion reaction. According to the gradient interface structure, loads can be efficiently transmitted, WC particles are effectively prevented from being peeled off from a base body under electric arc impact, the electric arc ablation resistance of the material is improved by 70% or above compared with a traditional CuWC material, and the service life of a contact is greatly prolonged.

Method for producing a coated electrode wire for use in electrical discharge machining, comprising: Providing a central wire having a first diameter and formed from a first copper-containing metal, Hot-dip coating of the central wire for a desired time and at a desired temperature through a melt bath containing a second metal having an evaporation temperature lower than that of the first metal, wherein an alloy layer is formed on the central wire by means of a diffusion reaction between the first metal and the second metal, which has greater hardness and lower elongation than the first metal and the second metal, and wherein a coating layer is formed on the alloy layer, and Drawing the central wire, which has the alloy layer and the coating layer, so that a coated electrode wire with a second diameter is formed, whereby cracks are formed during the drawing step due to the high hardness and low elongation in the alloy layer and in the coating layer, characterized in that the resulting alloy layer and the resulting coating layer are porous with a sponge-like structure.

The application provides a surface treatment method of a fuel cell bipolar plate, comprising the following steps: providing a bipolar plate to be treated, and placing the bipolar plate in a closed chamber; vacuumizing the chamber; filling the chamber with a diffusion gas, wherein the diffusion gas comprises nitrogen, and at least one of unsaturated organic gas and oxygen; heating the bipolar plate to a preset temperature of a gas diffusion reaction, and keeping the preset temperature for a preset time, so as to form a diffusion reaction layer extending inward from the surface of the bipolar plate in the bipolar plate. The application can effectively improve the corrosion resistance of the bipolar plate. The application also provides a bipolar plate treated by the above surface treatment method and a fuel cell comprising the bipolar plate.

This invention provides a nano-low-iridium high-entropy oxide, its preparation method, and its application, which have the following advantages: (1) Preparation method: A high diffusion reaction environment is constructed, and the formation of high-entropy metal oxides at low temperature is achieved through kinetic acceleration, avoiding high-temperature sintering and facilitating the generation of two-dimensional nanostructures; (2) Two-dimensional high-entropy structure: The two-dimensional nanostructure fully exposes the active sites, and the high configurational entropy improves the intrinsic activity and dispersion of iridium and ruthenium sites, reducing the amount of iridium used while maintaining high activity; the high-entropy effect and delayed diffusion effect inhibit element segregation and improve stability. (3) Catalytic application: The nano-low-iridium high-entropy oxide can achieve a dual improvement in activity and stability in processes such as oxygen evolution reaction, urea oxidation, and biomass oxidation.

The invention discloses a same metal welding method, and relates to the technical field of welding, and the same metal welding method comprises the following steps: selecting a welding flux, selecting a copper-tin welding flux based on a melting point and a welding area, forming an eutectic through copper and tin, and pretreating an oxygen-free copper workpiece to be welded, the method comprises the steps that abrasive paper one-way polishing, absolute ethyl alcohol ultrasonic cleaning and drying treatment are sequentially conducted, base metal is formed, the welding face of the base metal is evenly coated with copper-tin solder, brazing is conducted on the base metal, hydrogen and nitrogen generated through ammonia decomposition serve as a reducing atmosphere and a protective atmosphere respectively, and through cooperative regulation and control over temperature, pressure and time, the copper-tin solder is obtained. And performing diffusion reaction on tin in the copper-tin solder and the base material to form a copper-tin intermetallic compound bonding layer. The copper-tin solder is combined with brazing, base metal does not need to be melted, energy loss caused by high heat conduction of oxygen-free copper is prevented, effective combination can be achieved without multiple times of bottoming, the welding efficiency and the welding quality are improved, and the welding quality of the medium-thickness plate is excellent.

The invention discloses a polyamide thermo-oxidative aging performance prediction method, device and system and a storage medium. The polyamide thermo-oxidative aging performance prediction method comprises the following steps: acquiring polyamide thermo-oxidative aging experiment data and corresponding tensile strength retention rates under coupling conditions of different oxygen pressures, temperatures, sample thicknesses and the like; constructing a correction response prediction closed formula based on a diffusion-reaction synergistic mechanism, and introducing the correction response prediction closed formula into the model as a soft physical constraint; a multi-target joint training strategy is adopted, and meanwhile, a data fitting error and a physical equation residual error are minimized; and performing performance evaluation and visualization on the trained model, and solving and outputting model parameters. By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the thermo-oxidative aging performance of polyamide is predicted under the multi-coupling condition based on the PINN driven by the reaction-diffusion synergistic closed formula.

The application provides an electrolyte and a battery comprising the electrolyte, wherein a first additive in the electrolyte is a pyridine silane compound, the pyridine silane compound can generate a stable interface film at a positive electrode, and the cycle performance of the battery is significantly improved. On the other hand, the silane group in the first additive can participate in film formation to generate a CEI film rich in inorganic components at a thermal shock temperature, and the thermal stability of the positive electrode interface can be improved; meanwhile, the pyridine ring is a weak base substance, can react with a Lewis acid at a high temperature, inhibit the diffusion reaction of combustion process free radicals, improve the flame retardancy, and the pyridine structure can be polymerized at a short circuit point at the thermal shock temperature, and the thermal shock performance of the battery is further improved.

The application relates to the material field, in particular to a FeCoCr film, a preparation method and application thereof, the FeCoCr film comprises a multilayer structure, the multilayer structure comprises a substrate layer and a FeCoCr layer, and a Pt layer arranged between the substrate layer and the FeCoCr layer; after the Pt layer is introduced, a diffusion reaction occurs between the Pt layer and the FeCoCr layer, thereby generating an L10-FePt phase in the film, forming a new hard magnetic phase, and the coercivity of the FeCoCr film is greatly improved; meanwhile, the Pt element effectively promotes the alpha phase amplitude decomposition in the FeCoCr film into a strong magnetic phase and a Cr-rich non-magnetic phase, the Cr-rich non-magnetic phase plays a role of pinning magnetic domains in the film, and the coercivity of the material is further greatly improved; through the synergistic effect of the two mechanisms, the coercivity of the FeCoCr film is greatly improved, therefore, code disc material prepared by using the FeCoCr film has higher performance, and the code disc signal has higher stability and anti-interference ability after being written.

Method for manufacturing a component by means of hot isostatic pressing, comprising the steps: • Coating a surface (7) of a workpiece (2) with at least one first reactant and one second reactant, • Forming a container (8) for hot isostatic pressing on the surface (7) of the workpiece (2) without melting or powder metallurgical processes of the first and second reactants by means of a solid-state diffusion reaction between the first reactant and the second reactant, wherein a temperature is applied for the solid-state diffusion reaction which is below the melting temperature of the first and the second reactants, wherein the container (8) formed by the solid-state diffusion reaction of the first reactant and the second reactant has a melting temperature which is higher than the temperature during hot isostatic pressing and • hot isostatic pressing of the workpiece (2), wherein either the first reactant is aluminium and the second reactant is iron or the first reactant is copper and the second reactant is nickel.

The invention discloses a multi-scale coupling modeling method for an adiabatic axial fixed bed reactor, and relates to the field of chemical process modeling and reaction engineering.The modeling method comprises the following steps that S1, a three-level basic structure unit is constructed; s2, establishing a physical-chemical coupling calculation model; s3, embedding wide modulus parameter dynamic adaptation logic; s4, acquiring micro-scale reaction kinetic parameters, mesoscale transfer characteristic parameters and macro-scale equivalent performance parameters; s5, establishing a diffusion-reaction coupling equation of a single catalyst particle, and obtaining a comprehensive reaction-transfer parameter of the particle size; s6, establishing a macroscopic coupling model, describing a flow process in the reactor, and realizing cross-scale real-time coupling calculation of flow-diffusion-reaction-heat transfer; and S7, based on a cross-scale real-time coupling calculation result, extracting target performance parameters of the whole reactor. According to the method, the prediction precision of the model is improved, reactor hotspot control and safety production are effectively served, and the stability of industrial production is guaranteed.

A separator for a fuel cell includes a reaction region, a pair of manifold regions on opposite sides of the reaction region and through which a plurality of manifolds pass, configured to introduce or discharge reaction gas or coolant, and a pair of diffusion regions between the reaction region and the manifold regions, configured to diffuse a flow of the reaction gas or coolant. Diffusion ribs in the diffusion regions are spaced apart from each other along the manifolds. The diffusion ribs may be spaced apart such that diffusion flow fields formed between the diffusion ribs have different cross-sectional areas for respective regions at ends adjacent to the manifold regions.

The application belongs to the technical field of optical fiber materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a PMN-PT ferroelectric crystal core glass cladding composite optical fiber. The application pre-increases the PMN-PT concentration in the cladding glass, that is, PMN-PT crystals are pre-filled in the cladding glass, diffusion reaction is carried out under certain high-temperature conditions, ions in the PMN-PT crystals are pre-diffused into the inner hole of the cladding glass, the concentration gradient between the PMN-PT ferroelectric crystal core and the cladding glass is reduced, the further diffusion of the fiber core crystal to the cladding glass can be effectively inhibited, and the diffusion loss of the fiber core is correspondingly reduced. The pre-diffusion layer is combined with the cladding glass closely, the pre-diffusion layer can isolate the fiber core and the cladding glass, inhibit the diffusion reaction from occurring in the subsequent heat drawing and single crystallization process, protect the material form and functional integrity of the fiber core, ensure that the material composition of the fiber core is unchanged, and make the composite optical fiber maintain the original function.

This invention relates to the field of nuclear reactor technology, specifically to a method and apparatus for predicting boron migration distribution within an oxide corrosion product deposit layer in a pressurized water reactor. The method includes: obtaining the total heat flux density of the outer surface of the oxide corrosion product deposit layer; determining the outer surface temperature of the oxide corrosion product deposit layer based on the distribution principle of the total heat flux density to convective and boiling heat transfer; determining the growth rate of the oxide corrosion product deposit layer and updating its thickness based on the outer surface temperature; determining the temperature distribution within the oxide corrosion product deposit layer according to the outer surface temperature, thickness, and energy conservation equation; and obtaining the boron migration distribution within the oxide corrosion product deposit layer based on the convective-diffusion reaction transport equation and temperature distribution related to boron. This invention enables the prediction of boron migration changes during the growth of an oxide corrosion product deposit layer.

This invention relates to the field of phototherapy technology, and more particularly to a method and system for intelligent adjustment and monitoring of phototherapy dose. An initial dose plan is generated based on the initial physiological state information of the skin area to be treated. The area is divided into multiple spatial sub-regions, and baseline tolerance thresholds and conduction coefficients are recorded. The response intensity of each sub-region is monitored in parallel. The cross-influence between adjacent sub-regions is calculated using a diffusion-response coupling equation. A cumulative matrix of cross-influence is constructed and superimposed on the baseline tolerance threshold to obtain the predicted tolerance threshold and remaining tolerance margin. While maintaining a constant overall cumulative energy density, the differentiated light intensity adjustment amount is calculated based on the remaining tolerance margin and then executed. This achieves intelligent and personalized phototherapy dose adjustment, improving treatment safety and effectiveness.

The invention discloses a method for preparing regenerated magnetic powder from neodymium-iron-boron oil sludge waste on the basis of a reduction diffusion technology. The method comprises the following steps that firstly, the neodymium-iron-boron oil sludge waste is pretreated; 2, acid dissolution of the neodymium iron boron oil sludge fine powder; step 3, drying the acidolysis solution; and 4, reduction diffusion. According to the method, particle refinement and primary impurity removal of the iron-boron oil sludge waste are achieved through ball milling and screening, the proportion of Fe, RE and B elements in a pickling solution is controlled through acid dissolution and element adjustment, and then mixed chloride fine powder with accurate components and uniform main phase elements is obtained directly through heating, stirring and evaporation drying; and then the RE2Fe14B regenerated magnetic powder with uniformly distributed phase and neodymium-rich phase is obtained through a reduction diffusion reaction, so that the recovery process of the neodymium-iron-boron oil sludge waste is remarkably shortened, the recovery cost is reduced, and the method is suitable for recycling the neodymium-iron-boron oil sludge waste.

The invention discloses a nanofiltration membrane and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of membrane separation. Comprising the following steps: 1) preparing a new polyamide nanofiltration layer on a porous support membrane through an interfacial polymerization method; (2) carrying out secondary grafting modification on the newly-generated polyamide nanofiltration layer by adopting amino-containing quaternary ammonium salt molecules, and realizing directional grafting of the modified molecules on the surface of the membrane and in pores by controlling a molecular structure and diffusion-reaction kinetics; and (3) carrying out heat treatment on the modified membrane to ensure that the grafting reaction is complete, thereby obtaining the high-solute-selectivity polyamide nanofiltration membrane with adjustable pore diameter and charge distribution. Directional modification of different parts of the membrane selection layer can be realized, and membrane pore size and surface and internal charge distribution can be accurately regulated and controlled, so that solute-solute separation selectivity is considered while high water flux is kept. The method is simple in process, efficient and suitable for various water treatment scenes such as salt lake brine, surface water and industrial wastewater, and has wide application prospects.

To provide a clad structure and a battery terminal component that has good productivity as a finished product, easily ensures bonding strength between aluminum and copper materials without requiring a diffusion reaction suppression layer made of Ni, and is expected to have long-term reliability even when used in batteries for automobiles, etc.SOLUTION: A clad structure includes a base, a wall extending upward from the outer edge of the upper surface of the base, a flange extending radially from the edge of the wall perpendicular to the wall, legs extending downward from the outer edge of the lower surface of the base, a first recess defined by the upper surface of the base and the inner wall surface of the wall, a second recess defined by the lower surface of the base and the inner leg surfaces of the legs, a first surface extending from the upper surface of the base via the inner wall surfaces of the wall to the upper flange surface of the flange made of an aluminum alloy material, and a second surface extending from the lower surface via the inner leg surface, lower leg surface, outer leg surface and outer wall to the lower flange surface made of a copper material, and an aluminum material containing 99% or more by mass of Al present between the aluminum alloy material and the copper material, and there is also provided a battery terminal part using the same.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

The invention belongs to the field of preparation of new energy materials and devices, and particularly relates to a GDC electrolyte supporting type solid oxide electrolytic tank with electron-diffusion double barrier layers and a preparation method of the GDC electrolyte supporting type solid oxide electrolytic tank. According to the electrolytic tank, a YSZ electron barrier layer and a GDC diffusion barrier layer are sequentially arranged between a GDC electrolyte supporting body and an electrode, so that a composite electrolyte layer structure is formed. By introducing the electron barrier layer and the diffusion barrier layer, on the premise that the thickness of the electrolyte layer and the preparation complexity are not remarkably increased, electron leakage generated when the GDC operates under the high-temperature condition and the high-temperature diffusion reaction of elements in an electrode material to the YSZ layer are inhibited, and therefore formation of a high-impedance secondary phase is avoided. The composite electrolyte structure is simple in preparation process and can be realized by adopting a conventional printing and co-firing process, and the obtained electrolytic cell structure is beneficial to reducing the ohmic impedance of the cell and improving the operation stability, and is suitable for being applied to various solid oxide electrolytic cells (SOEC).

The present application belongs to the technical field of magnetic materials, and particularly relates to a method for separating main products and by-products of calcium thermal reduction diffusion reaction, comprising the following steps: crushing calcium thermal reduction diffusion reaction products to obtain powdery products; mixing and dispersing the powdery products with liquid gallium to obtain a first mixture; separating the main products with magnetism from the first mixture by magnetic separation to obtain the main products with magnetism and a second mixture; separating the by-products without magnetism from the second mixture; and screening the separated main products and by-products respectively, separating the residual gallium and recycling the gallium. The method uses liquid gallium as a separation medium, does not cause oxidation and loss of the main products in the separation process, does not introduce new impurities, and the gallium as a separation medium is harmless to the environment and human body and can be recycled.