The invention discloses three-atom-doped titanium dioxide catalyst as well as a preparation method and application of the three-atom-doped titanium dioxide catalyst, belonging to the technical field of catalysis and indoor air pollution prevention and control. The three-atom-doped titanium dioxide is composed of titanium dioxide crystals comprising nitrogen atoms, vanadium atoms and silicon atoms, having a crystalline form of anatase or a mixed crystalline of anatase and rutile, and having a particle size being 2-20nm, wherein the molar ratio of nitrogen to vanadium to silicon to titanium is (14-56): (0.1-2): (3-16):100, the specific surface area is 70-90m<2>/g, the energy gap is 2.8-3.0ev, and the absorption wavelength is 380-500nm. According to the invention, based on the nitrogen-vanadium-doped titanium dioxide photocatalyst, three-atom-doped titanium dioxide photocatalyst is prepared by using a sol-gel method, the superficial area and pore volume of the product are improved, and the product has catalytic activity under visible light. The preparation method is simple, the reaction process is easy to control, and side reactions hardly occur.