The invention discloses an oxidizing roasting method of hard zinc vacuum smelting furnace slag. Based on the characteristic that hydrogen peroxide, manganese dioxide, chlorate and other oxidants havehigh microwave absorbability and the principle that the low-frequency microwave radiation penetrating power is high, ferric oxide and lead oxide are also matter with high microwave absorbability, hydrogen peroxide or manganese dioxide or chlorate is added into the broken hard zinc vacuum smelting furnace slag according to the quantity being 1-1.5 times of the total quantity of iron and lead, the materials are mixed to be uniform, microwaves with the frequency of 2-10 GHz and the power of 500-2,000 W are used for radiation for 20-60 min, the temperature is controlled to be 300-500 DEG C, and the oxidation rate of ferric alloy and lead alloy in the vacuum smelting furnace slag reaches 95% or above. After the vacuum smelting furnace slag in an alloy state is mixed with the oxidants, microwaves can be efficiently absorbed, instant high temperature is generated, and the alloy is rapidly and uniformly oxidized into metal oxides, so that hydrometallurgy leaching is promoted. The oxidizing roasting method has the characteristics that in microwave fields, the heat utilization rate is high, the time is short, the energy consumption is low, cleanliness is achieved, and materials and environments cannot be polluted.