The invention discloses a microorganism growth promoting agent used in sewage treatment. The microorganism growth promoting agent is composed of a agent A and a agent B at a mass ratio of (1-2) : 20.The agent A comprises, by mass, a compound enzyme preparation of 2% to 6%, compound amino acid of 10% to 15%, compound vitamin of 6% to 8%, adenine of 1% to 5%, lecithin of 2% to 6%, glycerin of 6% to 10%, cottonseed cake powder hydrolyzate of 20% to 28%, corn steep liquor of 10% to 18%, and the balance a phosphate buffered saline solution; the agent B composes, by mass, an organic acid of 15% to 22%, sodium succinate of 8% to 12%, methanol of 25% to 30%, iron porphyrin of 3% to 6%, potassium fulvic acid of 8% to 12%, pyridoxal phosphate of 3% to 6%, manganese chloride of 2% to 6%, copper sulfate of 2% to 5%, and the balance sterile water. The using amount of the microorganism growth promoting agent is low; the microorganism growth promoting agent is beneficial for rapid enrichment of beneficial microorganism, is capable of increasing sludge activity and concentration rapidly, and improving sewage treatment efficiency, increasing system impact resistance, accelerating sludge domestication rate, restoring damage active sludge rapidly, shortening system debug time, improving the tolerance of waste water biochemical treatment system on chemical substances, and improving the adaptability of microorganism on temperature and salinity.