The invention relates to a kitchen garbage treatment device and a garbage treatment system. The kitchen garbage treatment device comprises a treatment body, a discharge part, a smashing assembly and a rotary inner barrel, wherein the treatment body is provided with a first inlet, a first outlet and a treatment cavity, the first inlet and the first outlet both communicate with the treatment cavity, the first inlet and the first outlet are oppositely arranged, the discharge part is arranged on the treatment body in an openable and closable manner, when the discharge part is closed, the first outlet is covered, the smashing assembly comprises a driving part and blades, and the blades are in driving connection with the driving part. According to the kitchen garbage treatment device, through rotation of the smashing assembly and the rotary inner barrel, the smashing effect on kitchen garbage is effectively improved, and kitchen waste particles and liquid are separated and discharged separately; and meanwhile, due to the action of an air extractor, the air flow achieves the back flushing effect on the rotary inner barrel, the rotary inner barrel is effectively cleaned, the filtering efficiency of the rotary inner barrel is improved, the cleaning frequency is reduced, and then the treatment efficiency of the kitchen garbage is improved.