The invention discloses a processing technology of an environment-friendly microlite building decoration plate. The processing technology includes the following steps that firstly, a base material selecting process is conducted, wherein a high-fidelity fireproof base material is selected, performance detection is conducted, and a base material conforming to the decoration plate GB8624-2006 standard is selected; secondly, a base material preprocessing process is conducted, wherein the selected base material is preprocessed, and the surface of the base material is flat, smooth and compact; thirdly, a priming paint roll painting or spraying process is conducted, priming paint roll painting or spraying is conducted on the surface of the preprocessed base material, a transition layer is formed,and a linking effect between the base material and finish paint is achieved; fourthly, a transfer printing or printing process is conducted, the transfer printing or printing process is conducted onthe base material obtained after priming paint rolling painting or spraying, transfer printing or printing of simulation designs is conducted on the base material, and curing sizing is conducted; andfifthly, a postprocessing process is conducted, showering coating and laminating treatment are conducted on the base material, and the whole environment-friendly microlite building decoration plate processing technology process is completed. By means of the processing technology, a series of good characteristics of being light in body, soft in texture, porous, capable of insulating sound, resistant to heat, resistant to acid, large in specific area, stable in chemical property and the like of kieselguhr are utilized, a produced kieselguhr composite decoration plate has the beneficial effects that conductivity to sounds, heat and electricity is low, no formaldehyde exists, and water resistance and flame retardance are achieved; and meanwhile, the processing characteristics that nailing, sawing and planing can be conducted are achieved, and the processing technology can be widely used for household indoor and outdoor decoration.