The invention relates to the technical field of analytical chemical detection, in particular to a quick detection method of dexamethasone; comprising the steps of taking a sample to be detected adding hydrochloric acid solution, shaking, adding ethyl acetate, shaking, and centrifuging or standing to allow layering; taking supernate or upper solution, adding sodium hydroxide solution, shaking, and centrifuging or standing to allow layering; dropping sodium hydroxide solution to a white dropper plate, dropwise adding triphenyl tetrazolium chloride test solution, mixing well, dropwise adding test sample solution, and observing changes in color. The method of the invention is simple to perform and low in analytical cost; despite of the influence of related factors, the observation of solution color is more facilitated, the abstracting liquid, washing liquid, extracting liquid and detection agents used herein are highly specific, interfering substances are separated and removed by using dissolution differences of different substances three times in the abstracting, washing and extracting processes, the sensitivity of color reaction is improved, detection results accuracy is high, the color reaction is quick, phenomena are significant, and the method is suitable for quick field detection.