The invention discloses a zinc-oxide-based polarity-controlled resistive random-access memory (RRAM) based on which is composed of a SiO2/Si substrate, an adhesive layer, a lower electrode, a zinc oxide thin film with a resistance conversion characteristic, an upper electrode and a protective layer, wherein, the thickness of the adhesive layer is 5-20nm, the thickness of the lower electrode is 5-100nm, the thickness of the zinc oxide thin film with characteristics of conversion is 5-200nm, the thickness of the upper electrode is 5-100nm, and the thickness of the protective layer is 5-100nm. The polarity-controlled RRAM provided by the invention has the advantages that the influence of the characteristics of resistance conversion based on a zinc oxide thin film resistance changing device is shown into unipolarity, bipolarity and nonpolarity through depositing different upper electrode materials; according to the characteristics of different polarity resistance changing properties, the application prospects of the RRAM can be expanded, the importance of academics and practical application of the RRAM is highlighted; and a polarity-controlled resistance changing device can be prepared through preparing different upper electrodes of the resistance changing device, thus the RRAM has great significance in the aspects of mass production and actual promotion of the RRAM production process.