The invention relates to a biogas slurry concentration and nutrient enrichment system for a large biogas project and an application method thereof. The system is mainly composed of a biogas slurry pretreatment device, a sand filtration device, an ultrafiltration device, a nanofiltration device, a reverse osmosis device, a low-temperature multiple-effect evaporation device, a sludge thickening tank, a screw pump, a horizontal centrifugation machine, concentration tanks and a slurry storage tank through connection. The application method of the system comprises the steps that biogas residues and biogas slurry produced from the large biogas project firstly pass through the pretreatment device to remove suspended matter in the biogas slurry, coarse filtration is performed through the sand filtration device, the biogas slurry passes through the two-stage ultrafiltration device respectively to obtain penetrated liquid and concentrated liquid, the penetrated liquid obtained after ultrafiltration passes through the nanofiltration device to obtain ionic liquid and concentrated liquid, then the biogas slurry concentrated liquid passes through the low-temperature multiple-effect evaporation device to obtain high-concentration biogas slurry concentration liquid. The costs for capital construction and equipment investment is effectively reduced, the area occupied by equipment is decreased, the equipment utilization rate is improved, the temperature requirement in the biogas slurry concentration process is low, energy is saved, the biogas slurry concentration and nutrient enrichment system is environmentally friendly, turns waste into wealth and is remarkable in application effect.