The invention relates to a grafted
solid acid catalyst. A preparation method of the grafted
solid acid catalyst comprises the following steps: taking lignocelluloses
biomass carbon-based material as a
raw material, taking a sulfonating agent as an active molecule, and carrying out
carbonization reaction for 1-36 hours at the temperature of 120-240 DEG C, wherein the
mass ratio of the
raw material and the sulfonating agent is 1 / 10-10; standing black
solid obtained by
carbonization at high temperature,
drying to obtain black solid which is a rough carbon-based
solid acid catalyst; and mixing the rough carbon-based
solid acid catalyst with an
oxidizing agent according to the solid-
liquid ratio of 1 / 10-0-1 / 10, reacting for 0.5-3 hours at the temperature of 50-60 DEG C, after reaction, filtering and separating to obtain black solid, and washing and
drying the black solid to obtain the grafted carbon-based
solid acid catalyst.
Cellulose-based glucose is used as the
raw material of the catalyst, the structural characteristics of the raw material are similar to the structural characteristics of the raw material of lignocelluloses
biomass, therefore, catalyzing effect is excellent, and the catalyzing effect of the grafted solid acid catalyst is similar to the catalyzing effect of liquid acid.