45 results about "Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid" patented technology

A liquid organic, fuel cell is provided which employs a solid electrolyte membrane. An organic fuel, such as a methanol/water mixture, is circulated past an anode of a cell while oxygen or air is circulated past a cathode of the cell. The cell solid electrolyte membrane is preferably fabricated from Nafion™. Additionally, a method for improving the performance of carbon electrode structures for use in organic fuel cells is provided wherein a high surface-area carbon particle/Teflon™-binder structure is immersed within a Nafion™/methanol bath to impregnate the electrode with Nafion™. A method for fabricating an anode for use in a organic fuel cell is described wherein metal alloys are deposited onto the electrode in an electro-deposition solution containing perfluorooctanesulfonic acid. A fuel additive containing perfluorooctanesulfonic acid for use with fuel cells employing a sulfuric acid electrolyte is also disclosed. New organic fuels, namely, trimethoxymethane, dimethoxymethane, and trioxane are also described for use with either conventional or improved fuel cells.

The invention discloses a porous material adsorbent and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps of dissolving 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid and zirconium oxychloride octahydrate in a mixed solvent of formic acid and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), conducting heating to obtain white precipitate, and conducting washing to obtain a porous material; and dissolving the porous material into an ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) disodium solution, and conducting heating, filtering and washing to obtain the EDTA modified MOF-808 with the carboxyl functional group. The MOF-808-EDTA porous adsorbent disclosed by the invention can be used for efficiently removing perfluoroalkyl substances in water, wherein the perfluoroalkyl substances mainly comprise perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS). Meanwhile, heavy metal ion pollutants, mainly heavy metal ions such as Hg<2+>, As<2+>, Cd<2+> and Pb<2+>, in water can be efficiently removed, so that the water quality of drinking water meets the set standard and requirement of domestic drinking water.

The invention provides a PFOS-free aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent and a preparation method thereof. The PFOS-free aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 12-30% of a combined hydrocarbon surfactant, 2-5% of a PFOS-free fluorocarbon surfactant, 5-8% of a foam stabilizer, 20-50% of an antifreeze agent, 3-5% of a solubilizer and 20-40% of water. The aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent disclosed by the invention does not contain perfluorooctane sulfonate which is difficult to degrade, so that the aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent has higher environmental friendliness, and the pollution to the environment is remarkably reduced; and by optimizing the components and the ratio, the excellent stability of the fire extinguishing agent is ensured at the same time.

The invention provides a method for synthesizing a corresponding ketone through catalyzing and hydrolyzing an alkyne with silver perfluorooctanesulfonate. According to the method, water serves as a solvent, an alkyne serves as a raw material, silver perfluorooctanesulfonate serves as a main catalyst, and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid serves as an auxiliary catalyst, and reaction is carried out to synthesize a corresponding ketone. The method provided by the invention is an environment-friendly method for synthesizing a ketone by hydrolyzing an alkyne. The method has the advantages that the selectivity and yield of the target product are more than 90%, n-hexane or diethyl ether is added at the end of reaction to divide reactants into two phases, the catalysts can be reused directly in the water phase, the product of reaction is extracted and separated simply to obtain a corresponding ketone, and the whole reaction and separation processes are simple and environment-friendly.

The invention discloses a waterproof aerated concrete block and a preparation method thereof. The waterproof aerated concrete block is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 46-64 parts of desert sand, 28-36 parts of ash calcium powder, 15-20 parts of tuff, 22-28 parts of red mud, 14-21 parts of desulfurization ash, 10-15 parts of ardealite, 12-16 parts of bauxite, 4-7 parts of aluminum chloride crystal, 3-6 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate, 5-10 parts of alum, 2-3 parts of waste molasses, 3-5 parts of water glass, 1.5-2.5 parts of candelilla wax powder, 1-2 parts of methyl-ethyloxy silicone oil, 0.5-1 part of potassium perfluorooctane sulfonate and 0.7-1.3 parts of modified aluminum powder. The aerated concrete block disclosed by the invention has good waterproof property and excellent water resistance and hydration resistance and can be used for effectively solving the influence of bad conditions such as dampness and raininess on the performance of the aerated concrete block so as to prolong the service life of the aerated concrete block. The aerated concrete block also has good heat insulation property, relatively high compressive strength and broad application prospect.

The invention discloses a fluoride-free environment-friendly foam extinguishing agent and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of fire extinguishing agents. The fluoride-free environment-friendly foam extinguishing agent is characterized in that the extinguishing agent comprises, by weight, 5-15% of a natural surfactant, 7-10% of a hydrocarbon surfactant, 0.5-0.7% of a foam stabilizer, 3-8% of a cosolvent, 10-15% of an antifreeze agent, and the balance of water. Under the interaction of the components, the extinguishing agent has excellent fire extinguishing performance, and meanwhile, the extinguishing agent does not contain perfluorooctane sulfonic acid and perfluorooctanoic acid which are difficult to degrade, so that the extinguishing agent does not pollute the environment.

Sintered Wave Porous Media Treatment and Apparatus and Process is disclosed, which uses an automated static enclosed arrangement to efficiently remove water, organic contaminants (petroleum, solvents, pcbs, pesticides) and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and fluorinated related compounds from large volumes of porous media such as a mixture of soil, gravel, rocks, sediments or other porous media. The Sintered Wave technology is a multipurpose treatment device that uses a Sinter Craft as a treatment vessel that allows earth moving machines to easily enter and exit during loading/unloading. The soil is then conditioned to accommodate treatment by sintering (densifying) by vibrating the soil bed, which removes soil vapor and fluids. The soil bed is then shaped by placing hexagonal holes or slots containing 120 degree angles from top to the bottom of the soil bed. The sintered and shaped soil bed is treated in a sequential manner (small sections at a time) with a narrow band of high velocity hot or cold air, which is conveyed from the top of the bed to the bottom (or the bottom to the top) through the shapes placed in the soil bed; hot or cold air moves through the soil bed in open channels rather than pulled through the porous media itself. Vapor extraction lines situated below (or above) the soil bed extracts vapors from narrow sections in a sequential manner in concert with the narrow band of high velocity hot or cold air. In order to remove high concentration hydrocarbons, small sections of the bed are treated by passing an inert (less than 10% oxygen) narrow band of high velocity hot air (inert wave), followed by a period of no active treatment (soak zone), then followed by an ambient (21% oxygen) narrow band of high velocity hot air (ambient wave). The space between the inert wave and ambient wave takes advantage of the poor thermal conductivity of soils by allowing the soil to remain at temperature without the addition of additional energy (soak zone). The heat sources are flameless electric heaters that produce a maximum temperature of 1,200 F that do not produce oxides of Nitrogen or Oxides of Sulfur. The dense static condition of the soil bed prevents the formation of particulate matter (PM) in emissions. The vapor conveyance and off-gas treatment system are sized to the small active treatment zone rather than the entire soil bed, which saves costs. The Sintered Wave technology uses a self-diagnostic regenerative wave system in high hydrocarbon concentration situations to automatically retreat areas of concern when carbon monoxide, acetone and methylethylketone are detected at certain proportions. The system relies on enhanced capillary flow as the modality of water and contaminant transport. The system also allows for a means to rapidly cool soils to prevent the formation of thermal degradation by products such as acetone and methylethylketone (simple alcohols) in high organic soils. In order to nondestructively remove PFAS and related fluorinated compounds such as Perfluorooctane Sulfonate and Perfluoroctanic Acid (PFOS/PFOA) the same sequence is performed as above except the initial wave consists of a narrow band of high velocity hot ambient air (21% oxygen) followed by a soak zone with the final wave consisting of a narrow band of high velocity ambient unheated air. The final ambient unheated air wave is a polishing step to remove residual contaminants, which reduces the temperature of the soil in an effort to capitalize on the low temperature Cristobalite quartz inversion sudden volumetric change. Cristobalite is present in most clay soils. Cristobalite inversion occurs in a narrow temperature range from 365 F to 419 F where a sudden volume reduction of 0.8% as the temperature increases from ambient conditions. PFOS/PFOA boiling ranges are just below the Cristobalite inversion temperature. The volumetric change is reversable upon cooling where there is a sudden volumetric increase squeezing out vapors from the soil matrix. The system relies on enhanced capillary flow as the modality of water and contaminant transport. Capillary flow has the capacity to cause high vacuum pressures within the pore throats when the porous media is saturated or near saturated conditions. The surfactant nature of PFAS lowers the surface tension of water, which in accordance with the Law of Laplace equalizes the pressure in a variety of pore throat diameters with the soil bed. This invention uses a special cooling and treatment gas conditioning system to nondestructively remove PFAS from the vapor stream. This vapor handling system can be used in conjunction with commercially available vapor treatment systems that allow simultaneous treatment of hydrocarbon and PFAS contaminated soils. Contaminated vapors exit the Sinter Craft where they are cooled with a direct spray of water into the vapor stream. PFAS will selectively condense in the cooling water. The water mist laden air moves through a tank equipped with baffles to knock out the majority of the mist. A demister screen tower removes any residual water mists. The cooling water is recirculated within the system. The warming of the water prevents any significant water condensation from the vapor stream because the vapor stream is always above ambient temperatures. A vapor phase activated carbon vessel is used to remove any residual contaminants from the vapor stream prior to discharge to the atmosphere. The cooling water can be analyzed to determine PFAS concentration from a give batch of soil. The cooling water is then treated through aqueous granular activated carbon.

The present invention discloses a solid-phase extraction analysis method of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid compounds in wastewater. The solid-phase extraction analysis method comprises: rinsing a solid-phase extraction column sequentially with 0.1% ammonium acetate-containing methanol, pure methanol and ultrapure water, and discarding the solutions after completing the rinsing; using a vacuum solid-phase extraction device to suck a wastewater sample, passing through the solid-phase extraction column, sequentially adding 2 mL of a solution containing acetone, acetonitrile and formic acid according to a ratio of 50:50:1, 3 mL of pure methanol and 3 mL of 0.1% ammonium acetate-containing methanol to carry out elution, and collecting and merging the eluent; blowing the eluent with nitrogen to approach a drying state, adding 1 mL of a solution containing methanol and water according to a ratio of 1:1, and uniformly mixing; and carrying out analysis testing through LC/MS/MS to obtain the result. According to the present invention, the sampling amount of the method is large, such that the samples have the good representativeness and can characterize the performance of the wastewater to the maximum extent; the operation process is simple and efficient, and the reproducibility of the laboratory data is stable; and the standard addition method recovery rate achieves 70%, the detection limit is low and is 0.01 [mu]g/L, the ecological requirements of the environment are met, and the tested compound variety is diverse.

The invention discloses a chromium fog inhibitor-tetraethylammonium perflurohexane sulfonate free of PFOS (perfluorooctane sulfonate). The invention further discloses a preparation method for the chromium fog inhibitor, that is to say, perflurohexane sulphonyl fluoride, triethylamine and methyl triethoxysilane react in an inert solvent to obtain tetraethylammonium perflurohexane sulfonate, wherein a proper reaction temperature is 0-40 DEG C, a molar ratio of perflurohexane sulphonyl fluoride, triethylamine and methyl triethoxysilane is 1:(1-1.8):(0.6-1.5), and the proper inert solvent is chlorobenzene, benzene or isopropyl ether. The provided method is simple and convenient in process, and the chromium fog inhibitor is high in yield and good in surface activity.

The invention discloses an aptamer for resisting potassium perfluorooctane sulfonate. The aptamer comprises at least one of PS1, PS36, PS39 and PS96, wherein the PS1 comprises a sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO.01, the PS36 comprises a sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO.02, the PS39 comprises a sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO.03, and the PS96 comprises a sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO.04. The aptamer canbe specifically combined with a persistent organic pollutant, potassium perfluorooctane sulfonate, and can be applied to a biosensor for detecting the potassium perfluorooctane sulfonate.

The invention discloses an ionic skeleton structure porous adsorption material and a preparation method and application thereof, and two porous material adsorbents with different ionic skeletons, namely a porous adsorption material with an anionic skeleton structure and a porous adsorption material with a cationic skeleton structure, are prepared. The porous adsorption materials with the two ionic skeleton structures can efficiently adsorb and remove perfluoroalkyl substances and heavy metal ion pollutants in water, the mainly removed perfluoroalkyl substances are perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), and the mainly removed heavy metal ions are Hg < 2 + >, As < 2 + >, Cd < 2 + > and Pb < 2 + >. Drinking water is treated by using the porous adsorbent material with the ionic skeleton structure, so that the water quality of the drinking water meets the set standards and requirements of domestic drinking water.

The present invention is to provide a material that is capable of selectively adsorbing organic fluoro-compounds such as perfluorooctane sulfonic acid, allows the adsorbed organic fluoro-compounds to be recovered, and is reusable as an adsorbent, specifically to provide a polymer in which cyclodextrin is supported on the surface of a water-insoluble polymer, and an adsorbent containing the same, and a method of use of the same as a selective adsorbent of, in particular, an organic fluoro-compound.

The invention provides a preparation method of a modified hydrated iron oxide adsorbent. The method comprises the following steps: dissolving 0.2-1g of chitosan in 100 mL of acetic acid aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 4%, then respectively adding 10 g of ferric chloride hexahydrate, and stirring for one hour by using a magnetic stirrer until the mixture is completely dissolved; adding 0.1 mol/L NaOH into the mixture to adjust the pH value to 7; aging at room temperature for 24 hours, centrifugally collecting precipitate particles, and washing with ultrapure water multiple times to remove residual ions; and finally, freeze-drying the precipitate particles, grinding in an agate mortar, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, collecting the obtained precipitate particles, and storing in a brown glass bottle. According to the invention, ferric oxide hydrate is modified by chitosan, so that the adsorption capacity of the ferric oxide hydrate is improved, and the removal of pollutants, namely perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), is facilitated.

The invention relates to a K monatomic doped biomass charcoal adsorption material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. Clt; ct; 1 [mu] g/L) perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) are efficiently adsorbed and removed. Dry coconut shells and KOH are used as precursors, and the K monatomic doped coconut shell carbon adsorption material is prepared through a curing-induced calcination method. The local charge density of the substrate can be changed through doping of K monatomic, and an effective electron migration channel is constructed; the adsorption capacity and the adsorption stability of the BC-K1 on PFOA and PFOS can be remarkably enhanced through the synergistic effect of non-equivalent double sites formed by K single atoms and adjacent C. According to the invention, environmental concentrations PFOA and PFOS in deionized water, tap water and lake water are adsorbed in a dynamic adsorption system, the adsorption rate reaches 96% or above, and the concentration of target pollutants in effluent can be maintained to be 70 ng/L or below.

The invention relates to the technical field of foam extinguishing agents, in particular to an environment-friendly foam extinguishing agent and a preparation method thereof.The fire extinguishing agent can be automatically degraded within a certain period, does not contain perfluorooctane sulfonic acid and perfluorooctanoic acid which are difficult to degrade, has higher environment friendliness and remarkably reduces pollution to the environment; the cleaning agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.5-1% of biological polysaccharide, 5-15% of an environment-friendly fluorocarbon surfactant, 12-30% of a combined hydrocarbon surfactant, 5-20% of an antifreeze agent, 3-5% of a solubilizer and 20-40% of water.