The invention relates to a preparation method, product and application of a silk fibroin-based thixotropic hydrogel, and belongs to the technical field of materials. A silk fibroin film is prepared, then immersed in water, and subjected to centrifugal treatment to discard undissolved silk fibroin film, and a hydrophilic silk fibroin extracting solution is obtained and left to stand. According to the preparation method, a natural silk is used as a raw material to prepare a thixotropic hydrogel, biosecurity is obtained, excellent thixotropic properties and viscoelasticity are obtained at the same time, pH, GSH, ROS, and NIR infrared light wave stimuli responsiveness are obtained, an anti-tumor drug is prepare by mixing the thixotropic hydrogel with one or more of an antitumor functional drugor a photosensitizer, and the antitumor drug has long-term retention and controllable drug release properties at the tumor site, the perfect combination of the stimuli responsiveness of the thixotropic hydrogel and photothermal therapy and photodynamic therapy can be realized, and the synergistic treatment of chemotherapy, photothermal, photodynamic is realized; and the thixotropic hydrogel is simple in preparation process, wide in source of raw materials, and low in cost, and the thixotropic hydrogel is suitable for expanding production.