The invention provides a large-aperture assembly type reinforced concrete culvert shaping steel template, which comprises a support frame and a shaping groove, wherein the shaping groove is formed by respectively connecting the two sides of a lower template with one side baffle plate, the forming groove is supported by the support frame, a front baffle plate and a back baffle plate are respectively arranged at a front end opening and a back end opening of the forming groove, the front baffle plate is connected with the front end parts of the two side baffle plates, in addition, the front end opening of the forming groove is sealed, the back baffle plate is connected with the back end parts of the two side baffle plates, in addition, the back end opening of the forming groove is sealed, and more than two cover plates are connected with the upper ends of a pair of side baffle plates. A steel bar framework of a culvert component is placed into a forming groove, then, cement is cast into the forming groove, a culvert component can be formed, the culvert component is maintained after being formed and dried, after the maintenance completion, the front baffle plate and the back baffle plate are opened, and the qualified culvert component can be lifted out. In the culvert construction site, the culvert components are assembled for forming a culvert unit, then, a plurality of culvert units are in butt joint, and a culvert with certain length can be formed.