52results about How to "Well-developed microporous structure" patented technology

The invention relates to a supported carbon material catalyst for preparing C5 and C6 alkane through sugar alcohol selective hydrodeoxygenation. One of active carbon, graphene and a carbon nanotube is taken as a catalyst carrier and Ru is taken as active metal; and a first additive or a second additive is added, wherein the first additive is selected from one or two of Mo, Re and W oxides, the second additive is phosphorus, Ru accounts for 1-5wt% of the carrier, and phosphorus accounts for 2-20wt% of the carrier. According to the catalyst, the active carbon, the graphene or the carbon nanotube is taken as the carrier and a metal active center and the additive are introduced by step with an impregnation method after acidification treatment. The catalyst is used for sugar alcohol aqueous phase hydrodeoxygenation and has very good reaction activity and stability; and the sugar alcohol conversion rate is 100% and the C5 and C6 alkane selectivity reaches up to 80%.

The invention relates to a carbon-based electrode material having super high specific capacitance and a combined electrode material thereof. Capacitance of the carbon-based electrode material comprises two parts, including double-electric-layer capacitance and Faradaic pseudo capacitance, the double-electric-layer capacitance is 20-60% of the capacitance of the carbon-based electrode material, the specific capacitance of the carbon-based electrode material under the 1A/g current density is more than 400, the volume specific capacitance is more than 300 F/ml, the energy density of a symmetric device of a water-based electrolyte is more than 20 Wh/kg, and the volume energy density is more than 15Wh/kg.

The invention discloses an activation method for improving the performance of an adsorbing material in storage of natural gas. The method comprises four steps, including baking, acid treatment, alkali treatment and salt treatment, wherein hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid are used for preparing an acid solution of which the concentration is 0.5mol/L to 2.0mol/L; sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and ammonium hydroxide are used for preparing an alkaline solution of which the concentration is 0.5mol/L to 2.5mol/L; sodium chloride, potassium chloride, ammonium chloride, sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, sodium nitrate and ammonium nitrate are used for preparing a salt solution; the acid solution, the alkaline solution and the salt solution are respectively used for activating the adsorbing material which is baked at the temperature of 300-890 DEG C. The method disclosed by the invention can be used for producing a high-efficiency natural gas adsorbing material which is high in specific surface area, high in natural gas storage capacity, good in adsorption and desorption performance and long in service life.

The invention relates to an ecological floating island phosphorous removal composite medium and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following specific preparation processes: S1, respectively carrying out drying pretreatment on aluminum sludge, steel slag and a coconut shell fiber, grinding into powder, and mixing so as to obtain aluminum sludge powder, steel slag powder and coconut shell fiber powder; S2, weighing the following components made in the step S1 in percentage by weight: 40-50% of the aluminum sludge powder, 20-30% of the steel slag powder, 10-20% ofthe coconut shell fiber powder, 5-10% of an adhesive and 5-10% of starch for later use; S3, mixing the aluminum sludge powder, the steel slag powder and the coconut shell fiber powder weighed in the step S2 so as to obtain first mixed powder; S4, sufficiently stirring the adhesive and the starch weighed in the step S2 with the first mixed powder made in the step S3, adding water, carrying out pelletizing and medium/high temperature thermal treatment, and cooling, thereby obtaining ecological floating island phosphorous removal composite medium granules. The ecological floating island phosphorous removal composite medium has the advantages of being low in cost, good in phosphorous removal effect, effective in waste resource recycling, and good in pore structure.

The invention discloses a straw biochar-based soil phosphorus active conditioner and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of agriculture. The straw biochar-based soil phosphorus active conditioner comprises, in parts by weight, acid-modified straw biochar 40-60 parts, an chelating agent 10-15 parts, a phosphorus-releasing bacteria agent 5-10 parts, an acidifying agent 10-15 parts and a filler 5-10 parts. The conditioner controls the adsorption-desorption performance of straw biochar on phosphorus at an appropriate level to meet the demand of crops for phosphorus, balances the fixation and activation of soil phosphorus, and prevents the risk of phosphorus leaching and releasing while meeting the needs of crops, and has good economic, environmental and ecologicalbenefits.

The invention discloses a cigarette filter tip and a production method thereof. A filter tip section comprises four layers of filtering adsorbing materials and reduces tar, solid particles and other harmful gases generated during smoking by a step-by-step adsorption filtration function. The production method of the cigarette filter tip can achieve combination with the existing cigarette production process, does not need to change processing equipment and has a good application prospect.

The invention discloses a method for preparing hydrophobic activated carbon by utilizing strong acid type cation exchange resin. The method comprises the steps of: carbonizing hydrogen type strong acid type cation exchange resin under the nitrogen atmosphere, wherein the temperature control is as follows: (1) the temperature is raised from room temperature to 300 DEG C at the speed of 10 DEG C per minute; (2) the temperature is kept at 300 DEG C for 30 minutes; (3) the temperature is raised from 300 to 500 DEG C at the speed of 5DEG C/ minute; and (4) the temperature is kept at 500 DEG C for 60 minutes; and cooling the exchange resin to room temperature under nitrogen atmosphere to directly obtain hydrophobic activated carbon. According to the method, the activated carbon is prepared by utilizing lots of waste strong acid type cation exchange resin generated in industrial water treatment, the wastes are effectively utilized, the environment is protected, and the cost is low; and moreover, the prepared activated carbon has an advanced porous structure, is high in adsorption capacity and particularly has high hydrophobic performance, high saturated steam pressure is formed in the pores, the water vapor is difficultly condensed, and the problem that the VOCs (volatile organic compounds) adsorption capacity is reduced because the water vapor is condensed in the pores to block the pores is effectively solved.

The invention relates to a method for lowering organochlorine content in Ginseng extract, belonging to the field of modernization of traditional Chinese medicine. The invention solves the problem that the organochlorine content in the Ginseng extract is too high. The invention is characterized in that fresh Ginseng is soaked with calcium hypochlorite aqueous solution; then using ethanol as extraction solvent to backflow and extract to obtain Ginseng extract; adding activated carbon into the Ginseng extract to carry out agitation and adsorption; then carrying out natural precipitation, using an activated carbon filtering machine to filter the precipitated supernatant liquid to obtain the Ginseng extract having gone through the stripping process. The invention has the advantages that the calcium hypochlorite is used to oxidize and degrade poisonous pesticide macromolecules into nontoxic micromolecule organic matter prone to be dissolved in water without causing secondary pollution when being used; the activated carbon is agitated to further adsorb organochlorine residue. With the adopted method of the invention, the residue is lower than the national limitation standard and content of ginsenoside in the extract is not affected. The method of the invention is used to lower the organochlorine content in the Ginseng extract.

The invention discloses a method for carrying out secondary catalytic reforming on tar by using in-situ thermal-state composite semicoke made after high alkaline coal difficult to utilize industrially and biomass are pyrolyzed as a catalyst. According to the method, after being subjected to pretreatment, the biomass and the coal are uniformly mixed, the high alkaline coal is used as a provider of alkali metal ions of K, Na and the like, which play a main catalytic role, and has a mass ratio of approximately being 20 to 30 percent in a mixed sample. The well prepared mixed sample is added into a lower layer of a two-stage fixed bed pyrolysis reactor to carry out pyrolysis, so as to prepare a subsequently needed catalyst; after the pyrolysis on the lower layer is completed, the charging on an upper layer is started to carry out the pyrolysis; the in-situ thermal-state composite semicoke on the lower layer is used as a carbon bed; a tar-containing pyrolysis gas obtained through the pyrolysis on the upper layer is subjected to the secondary catalytic reforming through the carbon bed on the lower layer by utilizing a carrier gas. According to the method, the characteristics that the high alkaline coal is rich in alkaline-earth metals and the biomass is loose and porous are effectively utilized; by utilizing the preparation of composite semicoke, the shortage that the semicoke is separately pyrolyzed as the catalyst is made up; the catalytic efficiency is improved; the catalytic cost is decreased.

The invention discloses straw biochar based pot cultivation media and system for vegetables, and belongs to the technical field of agriculture. Four layers of different media are laid from bottom to top in sequence and specifically comprise a medium layer, an organic fertilizer layer, a root promoting layer and a seedbed layer, wherein the medium layer comprises modified straw biochar, river mud and/or long-acting nitrogen fertilizer; the organic fertilizer layer comprises rotten straw, organic fertilizer and/or fine river sand; the root promoting layer comprises modified straw biochar, composite fertilizer and/or kaolin; the seedbed layer comprises peat, vermiculite and/or perlite. The raw material composition is rich, functions are matched with physiological properties of crop cultivation, the cultivation media are prepared by layers according to nutrient requirements and physiological development characteristics of crops, soil physical and chemical properties of different root layers can be controlled, nutrient preparation meets the crop growth laws, root development of the crops is facilitated, nutrient absorption of different growth and development periods is regulated scientifically, and integrated and simple management of seedling culture and cultivation is realized.

The invention discloses a sulfur carbon ball loaded precious metal catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof. The catalyst is prepared from a sulfur carbon ball and an active componentloaded on the surface of the sulfur carbon ball; elemental sulphur of the sulfur carbon ball exists on a skeleton and the surface of the sulfur carbon ball in a C-S bond form, wherein the mass ratioof the elemental sulfur to elemental carbon is 0.05-20%; the active component is platinum family metal particles, and the particle size of the platinum family metal particles is 4-10 nm; and the sulfur carbon ball loaded precious metal catalyst is spherical, and the diameter of the sulfur carbon ball loaded precious metal catalyst is 100-1000 nm. The invention provides application of the catalystto a C=N bond selective catalytic hydrogenation reduction reaction. The sulfur carbon ball is synthetized through 4,4'-thiobis-thiophenol self-polymerization in-situ sulfur doping, thus the elementalsulphur exists on the skeleton and the surface of the sulfur carbon ball in the C-S bond form, and the metal dispersity and the outer-layer electron distribution characteristic of the modulated metalparticles can be effectively improved; and the catalyst is applied to the C=N bond selective catalytic hydrogenation reaction, and represents the advantages of high conversion rate, catalytic activity, stability and reaction rate.

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a coagulated sludge-based granular filler used for water treatment, belonging to the technical field of water treatment. The invention provides the preparation method of the coagulated sludge-based granular filler which is used for water treatment, wide in raw material source, low in cost, good in adsorption and filtration effect andstable in property. According to the invention, coagulated sludge powder from a surface water purification plant or advanced sewage treatment plant, bentonite and plant-based biomass are used as raw materials and are mixed and granulated, and then pyrolysis is performed under an anaerobic condition to prepare the granular filler. After a bioretention pond or an ecological filter pond is filled with the filler, the anti-clogging performance of the filler is superior to the anti-clogging performance of powdery coagulation sludge, the filler has a good removal effect on pollutants under differentrainfall conditions, and the physicochemical property, leaching property and pollutant adsorption efficiency of the filler meet use requirements. Besides, the granular filler prepared by using the method uses the biomass and the binder which are high in yield and low in cost, and has the advantages of being simple in process and low in cost as the granular filler conducts treatment under medium and low temperature conditions.

The invention relates to a method for preparing an oil-containing sludge-based active carbon water treatment agent, mainly solving the problem that a method for preparing the oil-containing sludge-based active carbon water treatment agent does not exist in the prior art. The method for preparing the oil-containing sludge-based active carbon water treatment agent comprises the following steps: (1) uniformly mixing oil-containing sludge-based active carbon, inorganic polymerized aluminum chloride, lime and white alum at a certain ratio; (2) adding water into a silica gel solution to prepare a silica sol binding agent and adding the silica sol binding agent into a sample of the step (1); sufficiently mixing and putting the sample into a drying box at 60 to 100 DEG C to be subjected to air pre-oxidization; heating the cooled sample to 300 to 500 DEG C under a nitrogen gas atmosphere and roasting at a constant temperature for 1 to 3 hours; cooling to obtain the water treatment agent. With the adoption of the technical scheme, the problems can be solved better and the technical scheme can be used for preparing the water treatment agent.

The invention discloses antibacterial handmade washing soap. The soap comprises nanometer titania, negative ion antibacterial agent, molecular sieve, grease, surface active agent, sodium hydroxide andwater. The invention further provides a preparing method of the antibacterial handmade washing soap. The method includes the following steps of evenly mixing sodium hydroxide and water, adding the grease to be saponified to prepare a saponification solution, adding the surface active agent to the saponification solution to be evenly mixed, adding nanometer titania, the negative ion antibacterialagent and the molecular sieve to be evenly mixed, adding the mixture into a mold to be standing and be solidified at the room temperature, conducting demolding, and placing the soap in a ventilating and dry place to be aired to prepare the antibacterial handmade washing soap. The prepared handmade washing soap is excellent in antibacterial and decontamination effect and simple in preparation process.

The invention discloses a purifying agent for oilfield sewage treatment and a preparation method of the purifying agent, and belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment. The purifying agent isprepared from the following components in parts by weight: 22-28 parts of modified expanded graphite, 5-8 parts of cobalt nitrate hexahydrate, 12-16 parts of zinc sulfate, 5.5-9 parts of a surfactant,3-5 parts of chitosan, 2.5-5 parts of methylacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and 40-50 parts of water. According to the invention, through organic combination of all the materials, the sewage purifying agent is prepared under a synergistic effect of all the components, and the purifying agent has a large specific surface area, a large micropore volume, a developed microporous structure, high capability of adsorbing impurities such as heavy metal ions and suspended matter, and remarkable oil removal and decontamination effects. The removal rate of chemical oxygen demand (COD) is larger than or equal to 96.6%, the removal rate of suspended solids is larger than or equal to 97.2%, the oil removal rate is larger than or equal to 98%, and the removal rate of the heavy metal ions islarger than or equal to 94.7%. Purified water is clear and transparent, and requirements for purification treatment of the oilfield sewage are met.