The invention discloses a preparation method of 1, 4-dimethyl pentylamine hydrochloride, and relates to the field of organic synthesis preparation chemistry. The preparation method comprises the following steps: by taking 5-methyl-2-hexanone as a raw material, adding a reducing agent formic acid and ammonium formate or formamide while stirring, mixing, heating to 110-115 DEG C, reacting for 3 hours, heating to 130-135 DEG C, reacting for 3 hours, finally heating to 150-160 DEG C, keeping the temperature for 3 hours, cooling, standing for layering, washing, drying, and performing suction filtration to obtain the 1, 4-dimethyl formyl amyl amine; and adding 1, 4-dimethyl formyl pentylamine into hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 36%, carrying out heating reflux reaction under stirring, carrying out reduced pressure distillation, performing standing for layering, collecting a lower-layer material, carrying out suction filtration, and carrying out crystallization and drying, thereby obtaining the 1, 4-dimethyl formyl pentylamine. The preparation method of the 1, 4-dimethyl pentylamine hydrochloride provided by the invention is simple, the raw materials are easy to obtain, the process is easy to control, the cost is low, and the preparation method has the characteristics of high yield, clean production, environmental protection and the like, and is suitable for mass production.