The invention relates to the processing field of iron castings, in particular to a technique for producing large and medium-sized cylindrical iron castings through a clay green sand molding. The technique achieves the application of the clay green sand molding process in the production and processing of the large and medium-sized iron castings, and is achieved through the following technical steps: molding sand preparation, modeling, core making, mold assembling, teeming, shakeout, cleaning, inspection and repair. The core making comprises the steps as follows: 1, designing a sand core structure, wherein the sand core is designed to be provided with a through hole structure or a blind hole structure in an axial direction, so that a cavity type structure is formed; 2, drawing drawings of an internal mold and an external mold; 3, adopting a steel plate to produce the internal mold and the external mold, wherein a plurality of exhaust through holes are formed uniformly in the internal mold; and 4, producing the cavity sand core. The technique provided by the invention is reasonable, simple, and convenient to implement; moreover, the implementation meets the requirements for energy conservation and emission reduction, the production cost can be saved effectively, the production technology process can be shortened, the production efficiency can be improved, and the economic benefits of enterprises can be increased; and the technique is mainly used for producing iron castings provided with the cylindrical characteristic such as middle-segment, bottom-segment castings and the like of a carbon disulfide gasification reacting furnace.