The invention discloses a medical degradable Zn-Cu-X alloy material and a preparation method thereof. The alloy material includes the following components in percentage by weight: 1-10% of Cu, 0-4% of X and the balance Zn, wherein the element X is one of Mg, Ca, Sr, Si, Fe, Mn, Ag, Y, Nd, Gd, Er, Ho and Dy or is a mixture of more of Mg, Ca, Sr, Si, Fe, Mn, Ag, Y, Nd, Gd, Er, Ho and Dy. The invention further relates to the preparation method of the alloy material. The alloy material provided by the invention is a multi-element degradable Zn-based alloy material composed of the human nutrient elements Zn, Cu and X, which completely have biosecurity, has favorable biocompatibility, excellent mechanical properties and an adjustable and controllable corrosion rate, and has a favorable application prospect in the field of medical degradable inner implantation material.