The invention provides a preparation method and application of a hollow mesoporous structure NiCoS polyhedron, and belongs to the technical field of clean energy preparation. The preparation method comprises the following steps that 1, divalent cobalt salt and 2-methylimidazole are dissolved in a methanol solution and then subjected to still standing, and ZIF-67 is obtained; 2, the ZIF-67 and nickel nitrate are mixed and stirred and then subjected to centrifugation and vacuum drying, and a middle body ZIF-67 / NiCo-LDH is obtained; and 3, the middle body is dispersed in an ethanol solution, thenthioacetamide is added for stirring, a mixed solution is placed in a reaction kettle for hydrothermal reaction, precipitation obtained after reaction is subjected to centrifugal washing and vacuum drying and then calcined in the protective atmosphere, and the hollow mesoporous structure NiCoS polyhedron is obtained. The preparation method of the hollow mesoporous structure NiCoS polyhedron has the advantages that the method is simple, going green and environmentally friendly, low in cost and easy to operate and control, and the preparation method is suitable for industrialized continuous large-scale production; and a raw material involved in the preparation method is environmentally friendly, low in price and excellent in performance, and large-scale application is expected to achieve.