The invention discloses a glyphosate mother liquor comprehensive treatment and resource recycling method which comprises the following steps: adding a pH value regulator into acidic mother liquor M0,standing for layering, and separating the solution to obtain mother liquor M4 at the upper layer and mother liquor M5 at the lower layer; the mother liquor M4 and the mother liquor M5 are treated andapplied, triethylamine hydrochloride, triethylamine, chloride salt, methyltriethylammonium chloride, phosphorous acid or salt thereof, hydroxymethylphosphonic acid or salt thereof, glyphosate or saltthereof, glyphosate or salt thereof and glyphosate or salt thereof are recovered from the mother liquor M4 and the mother liquor M5, and are respectively and correspondingly converted into products with higher additional values for utilization. The glyphosate mother liquor comprehensive treatment and resource recycling method has the advantages that the emission is reduced from the source; the method reduces the total amount and treatment load of the glyphosate mother liquor, reduces environmental pollution, realizes reasonable recycling and appreciation of resources, improves economic benefits, is environment-friendly, outstanding in economic benefits and good in technical implementation effect, and is suitable for large-scale industrial application.