The invention belongs to the technical field of fine chemical engineering, and relates to a method for preparing 3,4-dichloroaniline from 3,4-dichloronitrobenzene through high-selectivity catalytic hydrogenation. With 3,4-dichloronitrobenzene as raw material and in the presence of a Pt catalyst, 3,4-dichloroaniline is prepared through a catalytic hydrogenation reaction under the pressure of 1.0 MPa-3.0 MPa and at the temperature of 75-120 DEG C. With adoption of the method, the conversion rate of 3,4-dichloronitrobenzene is 100%, the selectivity of 3,4-dichloroaniline is greater than 99.6%, and the dechlorination rate is less than 0.20%. The Pt catalyst is safe to use, and has stable catalytic activity and high selectivity; a dechlorination inhibitor is not required to be added; through introduction of Fe2O3 into the Pt catalyst, a dechlorination phenomenon can be effectively inhibited, and the corrosion of dechlorination to a reaction container during reduction is reduced; and the method is not added with a solvent, overcomes the defect of the addition of the solvent, avoids the problems of pollution of the solvent to the environment and solvent recovery, reduces equipment investment, and reduces production costs.