201results about How to "Improve water absorption and retention capacity" patented technology

The invention discloses medicinal sustained-release hydrogel as well as a preparation method and an application thereof. Monodisperse medicament-containing calcium alginate microspheres are prepared by adopting a high-pressure electrostatic sessile drop method, to realize direct encapsulation of growth factors and keep the activity of medicaments; and the medicament-carrying calcium alginate microspheres are put into the netlike structure of the hydrogel to realize sustained release of the medicaments. The matrix of the hydrogel contains carboxymethyl chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol, the volume ratio of the carboxymethyl chitosan solution to the polyvinyl alcohol solution is n: (6-n), 0<n<=4, and the release rate of the medicaments is controlled through different volume ratios.

The invention discloses an environment-friendly coated fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of sustained/controlled release fertilizers. The environment-friendly coated fertilizer comprises fertilizer particles and a coat coating the surfaces of the fertilizer particles, wherein the controlled release coat is prepared from polyaldehyde oxidized polysaccharide and protein, and in order to protect the controlled release coat, the controlled release coat is coated with super absorbent resin. The environment-friendly coated fertilizer provides required various nutrients for plants, improves the sustained release performance of nutrient elements of the fertilizer, and has multiple functions of water absorbing and retaining, sustained release, soil conditioning and the like by combining the absorbent resin.

The invention discloses sterilization soil-improvement slow-release composite fertilizer. The sterilization soil-improvement slow-release composite fertilizer comprises, by weight, 20-25 parts of urea, 10-15 parts of ammonium biphosphate, 10-20 parts of potassium phosphate, 5-10 parts of potassium sulfate, 8-12 parts of sodium silicate, 4-6 parts of magnesium phosphate, 7-9 parts of calcium chloride, 0.2-0.4 parts of zinc ammonium phosphate, 0.1-0.3 parts of copper carbonate, 0.1-0.2 parts of manganese ammonium phosphate, 0.4-0.6 parts of potassium borate, 0.3-0.5 parts of ferric sulfate, 0.2-0.4 parts of sodium molybdate, 20-25 parts of sodium alginate, 35-45 parts of a coating material, 5-10 parts of cassava slag, 5-8 parts of furfural slag, 10-20 parts of chicken manure, 5-10 parts of carbonized rice husk, 10-15 parts of humic acid, 10-15 parts of straws, 5-8 parts of plant ash, 0.2-0.5 parts of biological fungi, 4-6 parts of thermopsine and 3-5 parts of Artemisia argyi powder. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the sterilization soil-improvement slow-release composite fertilizer.

The invention relates to a method for producing an organic fertilizer by bamboo residues. The method comprises the following steps of: drying and grinding bamboo residues of bamboo leaves, bamboo roots, bamboo stems, bamboo shoots and the like, which are generated during bamboo processing; mixing the bamboo residues and excrement o animals in a ratio; and performing processes of fermentation, drying, granulation and the like of the mixture to obtain the organic fertilizer. The method has the advantages of improving contents of nutrients of silicon, calcium, magnesium, iron and the like in the organic fertilizer, improving the abilities of absorbing and retaining water of the organic fertilizer, enhancing the abilities of improving acid soil and plastic greenhouse soil, effectively adsorbing odor gas, ammonia gas and the like, which are generated during the production of the organic fertilizer, by utilizing the structural characteristics of bamboos, reducing the negative effects caused by the organic fertilizer, reducing loss of nutrients during the fermentation of the organic fertilizer, and improving the comprehensive benefits of the production of the organic fertilizer.

The invention relates to a polyurethane-based ecological sand-fixing agent and a preparation method thereof. The sand-fixing agent comprises the following components: 25-29 parts of polyurethane prepolymer, 0.5-2.1 parts of dispersion stabilizer and 27-36 parts of solvent, wherein the polyurethane prepolymer is obtained by polycondensation reaction of polymer polyol and diisocyanate, the polymer polyol comprises polypropylene oxide diol, polyoxyethylene diol and easily-degradable polymer diol, the mass ratio of polypropylene oxide diol to polyoxyethylene diol is (1:3)-(5:1), and the easily-degradable polymer diol accounts for 13-23wt% of the polymer polyol; and the mass ratio of the polymer polyol to diisocyanate is (4:1)-(7:1). The preparation method comprises the following steps: controlling the temperature at 85-100 DEG C under nitrogen gas protection, allowing reaction between the polymer polyol and diisocyanate to obtain a polyurethane prepolymer, and homogeneously mixing the polyurethane prepolymer, the dispersion stabilizer and the solvent to obtain the polyurethane-based ecological sand-fixing agent.

The invention discloses water-retaining slow-release fertilizer for saline-alkali soil improvement and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing and stirring 0.5-1.5 parts of a urease inhibitor and 0.2-0.6 part of a nitrification inhibitor with 0.5-2 parts of gamma-polyglutamic acid, uniformly mixing with 79-116 parts of molten compound fertilizer, cooling, drying and granulating to obtain long-lasting compound fertilizer; uniformly mixing 4-6 parts of potassium feldspar, 5-8 parts of vermiculite, 5-10 parts of peat, 15-20 parts of maleic anhydride, 6-10 parts of phosphogypsum, 0.1-2 parts of EDTA, 12-15 parts of biochemical fulvic acid, 15-25 parts of potassium humate, 35-40 parts of livestock and poultry fermented organic fertilizer, 80-120 parts of the long-lasting compound fertilizer and 1-5 parts of a water-retaining agent to obtain the water-retaining slow-release fertilizer. The water-retaining slow-release fertilizer can effectively reduce the salinity and the alkality of saline-alkali soil, can improve the fertilizer utilization ratio, can reduce environment pollution caused by application of a large amount of chemical fertilizer, and has the advantages of long-lasting fertilizer efficiency and environment friendliness of raw materials.

The invention belongs to the field of a sand stabilizing technology, and discloses a compound ecological stand stabilizing agent prepared from sewage sludge as well as the preparation method and application of the compound ecological stand stabilizing agent. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: uniformly mixing organic polymer with sodium salt, adding crushed and pre-processed sewage sludge, and drying to obtain a mixture; and before using the stand stabilizing agent, uniformly mixing the mixture with drought-resistant algae, so as to obtain the compound ecological stand stabilizing agent prepared from the sewage sludge. According to the preparation method, the organic polymer is polyacrylic acid, polyacrylate or starch; and the sodium salt is sodium silicate, sodium aluminate or sodium carboxymethylcellulose. The obtained sand stabilizing agent with the thickness of 0.5 to 5 cementers is uniformly paved on the surface of the sand in a desert; the stand stabilizing agent is kept in a moist state, and is properly watered for 20 to 30 days. According to the invention, the sewage sludge is subject to resourceful treatment; the obtained sand stabilizing agent integrates the chemical sand stabilizing function and the ecological stand stabilizing function; and the sands can be quickly stabilized; and the algae can be crusted later, and therefore, the sand layer has relatively high wind erosion resistance and relatively high water erosion resistance, thereby achieving good stand stabilizing effect.

The belongs to the field of compound material, and is especially one kind organic-inorganic sand fixing material for tackling desert. the sand-fixing polymer-cement material consists of cement in 1 weight portions, sand 5-10, water 0.5-1, cation emulsified asphalt 0.03-0.1, high water absorption sodium polyacrylate resin 0.02-0.1; and the mixture is sprayed in desert. The cement mortar is modified with black, heat insulating and water absorbing and maintaining cation emulsified asphalt and high water absorption sodium polyacrylate resin, so that the present invention has the features of high strength, high water absorbing and maintaining performance, high durance, high freeze thawing stability, high wind erosion and weather resistance, no environmental pollution, low cost, etc.

The invention discloses a sustained-release mixed fertilizer. The sustained-release mixed fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 to 40 parts of urea, 15 to 25 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 10 to 20 parts of potassium silicate, 3 to 5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 8 to 10 parts of calcium chloride, 0.2 to 0.4 part of zinc sulfate, 0.3 to 0.5 part of copper nitrate, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of sodium borate, 0.1 to 0.3 part of ferric chloride, 0.1 to 0.3 part of manganese sulfate, 0.3 to 0.5 part of ammonium molybdate, 22 to 29 parts of sodium alginate, 40 to 50 parts of coating material, 5 to 10 parts of biochar, 10 to 15 parts of soybean meal, 10 to 15 parts of humic acid, 10 to 15 parts of straw, 8 to 12 parts of plant ash, and 5 to 7 parts of Gaotouwu powder. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the sustained-release mixed fertilizer. The sustained-release mixed fertilizer can control various elements to be released slowly, can improve the soil and can be used for sterilization and weed control, the coating material can be biologically degraded, and the environment can be protected.

The invention discloses an environment-friendly slow releasing compound fertilizer which comprises the following raw materials by weight part: 20-40 parts of urea, 20-40 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 30-50 parts of potassium phosphate, 0.4-0.5 part of sodium borate, 0.1-0.2 part of ferric chloride, 0.1-0.3 part of manganese ammonium phosphate, 0.3-0.4 part of potassium molybdate, 0.2-0.4 part of copper sulfate, 0.1-0.3 part of zinc sulfate, 8-10 parts of calcium chloride, 4-6 parts of magnesium sulfate, 8-12 parts of kieselguhr, 35-45 parts ofcoating material, 10-12 parts of bean pulp, 5-8 parts of rape seed cake, 10-15 parts of livestock manure, 5-6 parts of mushroom dreg, 5-10 parts of plant ash, 4-8 parts of peanut dreg, 10-20 parts of humic acid and 1-3 parts of biochar. The environment-friendly slow releasing compound fertilizer can efficiently control all elements to slowly release and can be easily degraded; the soil can be improved; the soil moisture can be kept; the environment can be protected.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a biological sand-solidification water-retention repairing agent which comprises repairing agents I and II. The repairing agent I is prepared by the following steps: mixing carboxy methyl starch and carboxymethyl cellulose according to a certain ratio, preparing a fluid suspension by the use of a certain concentration of alcohol, carrying out a crosslinking reaction by adding a cross-linking agent at a certain temperature, filtering, drying and crushing to obtain a solid, adding sodium ferric EDTA, boric acid, manganese sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and ammonium nitrate, and uniformly mixing to obtain a solid repairing agent I; and making the solid repairing agent I into an aqueous solution so as to obtain a liquid repairing agent I. The repairing agent II is a water-retaining agent prepared from crop straw used as a raw material. According to the invention, starch and cellulose are used as biomass raw materials, cause no pollution to the environment and can undergo biodegradation; and with the combination of a sand-solidification dust-depressor, the water-retaining agent and a fertilizer, the biological sand-solidification water-retention repairing agent can be used to rapidly improve desertified land and create good water and soil conditions for plant growth, survival rate of plants can be raised, and ecological and environmental quality can be improved.

The invention provides a culture medium for the germination and seedling culture of crop seeds, which is used for research and experiments on the germination and seedling culture of the crop seeds. The culture medium is formed by compounding water retention materials, skeleton materials and adhesive. Raw materials are molded into a flaky rectangular body or a circular body by use of a mold, and planting blind hole arrays are formed on a planting surface of the culture medium. The culture medium has strong capability of absorbing and retaining water, which can leave out the trouble of watering repeatedly during experiments. In addition, the culture medium has the advantages of convenient operation, convenience for observation, simple structure, low cost, degradable property and no pollution.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a bagasse pith nanometer cellulose-based composite water-retaining agent, which comprises the following steps: air-drying and screening sugar-squeezed bagasse to obtain bagasse pith raw materials, performing cellulose extraction and high-strength ultrasonic dissociation of the bagasse pith raw materials, performing etherification modification of nanometer cellulose under an alkaline condition to obtain cationic cellulose ether, performing grafting copolymerization/crosslinking reaction of the cationic cellulose ether by an aqueous solution polymerization method, and after the reaction, continuing to adding nanometer cellulose for compounding so as to obtain the bagasse pith nanometer cellulose-based composite water-retaining agent. The water-retaining agent prepared by the method has excellent liquid imbibition value for deionized water, 0.1 mol/l KCl, 0.1 mol/l NH4Cl and 0.1 mol/l KH2PO4 at pH of 5.5-6.5, which shows that the water-retaining agent has good liquid imbibition performance and salt resistance in weak-acid aqueous environment, and can be used in fields of acid soil desertification control, agricultural and forestal crop plantation, landscaping, and the like.

The invention discloses a chitosan oligosaccharide composite with drought resisting function, which is aqueous solution, wherein the mass concentration of the chitosan oligosaccharide is 5%-10%, other auxiliary active constituents include nitrogen, potassium, calcium, salicylic acid, sodium bicarbonate, poly(acrylic acid) sodium salt and sodium tungstate, and the content of the auxiliary active constituents is 0.5%-30% of the total mass concentration of the composite. The composite is suitable for vegetables and fruit trees. When the crops are threatened by drought, the composite is diluted by 1000 times with water to be sprayed on the leaves of the crops for 1-2 times; the chitosan oligosaccharide and the chitosan oligosaccharide composite have functions of stabilizing the cell structure of the crops, effectively regulating the opening and the closing of stomata, increasing the water absorbing capacity and the water conservation capacity of the crops and protecting the regular development of the crops. The chitosan oligosaccharide composite is simple to use and easy to generalize.

The invention provides a water-retaining slow-soluble fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The water-retaining slow-soluble fertilizer provided by the invention is composed of nutritional ingredients, a natural polymer with a water retention function and slow solubility and a modifier thereof. Further, the invention provides a preparation method of the water-retaining slow-soluble fertilizer. The method includes: mixing the nutritional ingredients, the natural polymer tamarind polysaccharide gum and the modifier thereof, and apatite by fusion, roller extrusion granulating, and drying and cooling to obtain a water-retaining slow-soluble fertilizer. The water-retaining slow-soluble fertilizer adopts a slow-soluble material with water-retaining property, thereby both being capable of keeping the moisture in soil to ensure sufficient moisture of a plant to promote the plant growth, and capable of being dissolved slowly to slowly release the nutritional ingredients so as to uniformly and stably release the fertilizer efficiency in the plant growth process. The water-retaining slow-soluble fertilizer is high in production efficiency, low in cost, easy to control the process and stable in controlled release, and can be compatible with crop growth rules to improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer.

The invention discloses double-layered coated water-retention slow-released fertilizer capable of releasing negative ions. The double-layered coated water-retention slow-released fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 to 70 parts of urea, 20 to 30 parts of ammonium phosphate, 30 to 40 parts of acrylic acid, 14 to 25 parts of wheat straw, a proper amount of distilled water, 2 to 7 parts of potassium hydroxide, 0.5 to 2 parts of sodium borohydride, 12 to 16 parts of humic acid, 5 to 10 parts of anhydrous sodium sulfite, 5 to 10 parts of a formaldehyde solution, 3 to 7 parts of ammonium persulfate, 1 to 3 parts of N,N'-methylene-bisacrylamide, 10 to 16 parts of sodium alginate, a proper amount of a 5 percent calcium chloride water solution, 2 to 4 parts of paraffin wax, 4 to 8 parts of tourmaline powder, 2 to 5 parts of inorganic clay, 2 to 4 parts of nano negative ion powder, 1 to 3 parts of red pine polyphenol and a proper amount of a 10 percent sodium hydroxide solution. According to the double-layered coated water-retention slow-released fertilizer, the humic acid is subjected to modification treatment so that the water solubility is improved; the fertilizer effect of the urea and the utilization rate of nitrogen are improved; the water absorption and water retention properties, and salt resistance of the slow-released fertilizer are improved.

The invention discloses a cement-based material carbon sequestration internal curing agent as well as preparation and application thereof. The internal curing agent is modified biochar or a compound of the modified biochar and light aggregate and/or super absorbent resin; and the modified biochar is biochar powdery particles obtained by soaking biochar obtained by pyrolyzing biomass under high-temperature and oxygen-limited conditions in an alkaline solution, drying and grinding. The rich pore structure and the strong hydrophilic performance of the biochar enable the biochar to achieve the internal curing effect of the cement-based material, and the good stability can ensure the long-term and stable development of the performance of the cement-based material; the biochar is sealed in the cement-based material, so that the release of CO2 can be reduced, and the effects of carbon sequestration and emission reduction are achieved; and the biochar modified by the aqueous alkali can make the cement more fully hydrated, and when the biochar is matched with the lightweight aggregate and/or the super absorbent resin for use, the internal curing effect is stronger. After the internal curing agent provided by the invention is doped, the compressive strength and bending strength of the cement-based material at the age of 28 days are improved, and the self-constriction is effectively reduced.

The invention discloses an organic fertilizer which is composed of fresh tree branches, animal manure, human excrements, yoghourt, calcium hydroxide, grain stillage, mixed peels, mixed strains, a biological leavening agent and a soil conditioner, wherein the animal manure is composed of duck manure, chicken manure and cattle manure; the mixed peels comprise air-dried banana peels, air-dried apple peels, air-dried pear peels and air-dried orange peels; the mixed strains comprise saccharomycetes, actinomyces and nitrifying bacteria. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the organic fertilizer. According to the invention, organic wastes such as the animal manure, the grain stillage, the mixed peels and the like are fully used, resources are reasonably used, the cost is lowered, ecologic protection is facilitated, the organic fertilizer provided by the invention is treated through repeatedly decomposition, is rich in various trace elements and organic matters, can well improve agricultural product quality and can improve soil structure.

The invention relates to the field of planting technology for sandy lands, in particular to a method for planting sea-buckthorn. By the method, prevention and control of desertification can be realized, and the ecology of a sandy land can be restored. The method is characterized in that super-absorbent environment-friendly ecological desertification control materials are sprayed on surfaces of sand dunes to form parallel strips or crossed squares, and sand stabilization layers with thicknesses ranging from 5mm to 10mm are formed by the super-absorbent environment-friendly ecological desertification control materials; and vegetations are artificially laid, water is sprayed or artificial rainfall is carried out timely after construction, and the survival rate of the sea-buckthorn can reach 75%. The method has the advantages that sufficient nutrients are provided for growth of seeds, the survival rate of plants is increased, and the purpose of ecological desertification control is achieved.

The invention discloses a planting method capable of increasing yield of Hami melon. The planting method includes the following steps: 1) seed treatment and seedling raising: selecting full Hami melon seeds to be dried in sunlight for 1-3 days, soaking the Hami melon seeds in hot water, putting the Hami melon seeds in a bag, soaking the Hami melon seeds in soaking solution, and performing ultrasonic oscillation; and sowing the Hami melon seeds in a seedling raising plate. 2) soil preparation and planting: performing fall-plow and winter-irrigation on a melon land, and embedding a soil conditioner and a humic acid compound fertilizer into the melon land; and building an arc greenhouse in the melon land; and 3) field management. According to the planting method, pretreatment is performed on the Hami melon seeds, diseases and pests can be prevented, and the survival rate of the Hami melon seedlings can be improved; the soil conditioner and an insect expelling solution having rich nutriments and a sterilization and deinsectization effect are prepared; and the reasonable and scientific field management method is performed, the obtained Hami melons are even in thickness of peels and size, are high in yield, and are short in growth maturity cycle; and the sugar content of the obtained Hami melons can reach more than 20%.

The invention discloses a white tea cutting medium. The white tea cutting medium is prepared from modified vermiculite, modified bentonite, river sand, low moor peat, bark of Melia azedarach L. and a solution of tea-oil tree fruits. Matter of different ingredients is matched according to the growth characteristics of tea, and the prepared medium is excellent in comprehensive physical and chemical property, can be repeatedly used and can increase the survival rate of cutting slips and improve the growth vigor of seedlings. The bred cutting slips can be easily taken out, the risk of root system damage is lowered, planting in the later period is facilitated, and high use value is achieved.