The invention discloses effervescent tablets with inactivated lactobacillus cells as an effective component, and a preparation method thereof. The inactivated lactobacillus effervescent tablets are prepared from the raw materials of, by weight, 5-15% of inactivated lactobacillus powder, 20-30% of oligosaccharide, 23-33% of an acid source, 25-35% of an alkali source, 2-5% of a disintegrant, and 2-5% of a lubricant. According to the invention, the lactobacillus cells are inactivated through a heat inactivation method. The effervescent tablets comprise lactobacillus cells, and have the functions of digestion promoting, intestinal micro-ecological balance maintaining, and human immunity improving. Also, the tablets comprise oligosaccharide bifidus factors, and can promote probiotic growth in bodies, such that a dual health-care effect is achieved. The effervescent tablets are convenient to carry and to eat. When the effervescent tablet is dissolved in proper amount of drinking water, an instant beverage can be obtained. The tablets are solid health-care beverages for various populations. The effervescent tablet preparation method provided by the invention is simple and feasible, and has important actual application and popularization values.