The invention belongs to the technical field of
hydrometallurgy and
water treatment, and relates to a method for removing
potassium from a
lithium-
potassium mixed solution with
high selectivity and application of the method. The method comprises the following steps: adding
oxalate into a
lithium-
potassium mixed solution, reacting, and carrying out
solid-liquid separation; dropwise adding soluble
magnesium salt into the filtrate, and reacting; synchronously dropwise adding a
sodium dihydrogen
phosphate solution and an alkali solution into the solution, controlling the proportion of the
sodium dihydrogen
phosphate solution and the alkali solution through the dropwise adding speed, and maintaining the pH value of a
reaction system to be 8.8-9.2 in the whole process by utilizing an automatic
pH control system; and after the reaction is completed, carrying out
solid-liquid separation to obtain a low-potassium solution and a potassium
magnesium phosphate precipitate. According to the method, low-temperature, synchronous dropwise adding and multi-protection synergistic processes are combined, so that the
potassium ions can be efficiently removed, the
loss rate of the
lithium ions can be reduced to an extremely low level, and the method is suitable for the scenes with extremely high requirements on the
retention rate of the lithium ions, such as
salt lake lithium extraction and waste
lithium battery recovery liquid.