The invention discloses a double-liquid grouting device for leaking stoppage and emergency rescue of foundation pit engineering and a construction method. The double-liquid grouting device comprises an inner pipe, an outer pipe, a first slurry pump and a second slurry pump, wherein the outer pipe is sleeved with the inner pipe, the inner pipe is connected with the first slurry pump, the outer pipe is connected with the second slurry pump, the inner pipe and the outer pipe are both in an L shape, a first pouring opening is formed in the upper end of the inner pipe, the upper end of the outer pipe is provided with a second pouring opening, the lower end of the inner pipe is provided with a mixing section, the mixing section is located in the outer pipe, the inner pipe and the outer pipe are connected in a sleeved mode, the field operation space can be saved, the mixing section is arranged at the lower end of the inner pipe, the proportion of cement paste and water glass can be flexibly adjusted, therefore, the cement paste and the water glass are fully mixed to achieve the purpose of blocking water leakage.