212 results about "Potassium sodium" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum ash washing filtrate recycling intelligent control, in particular to an aluminum ash washing filtrate recycling intelligent control device and method, and the device comprises a multi-parameter online detection module, a data processing optimization module, a process parameter execution module and a filtrate circulation module. The multi-parameter online detection module is used for cooperatively detecting the real-time concentration of trace impurity ions such as fluorine, potassium and sodium through an ion selective electrode array and a micro spectrum analyzer; predicting the dissolution trend of impurity ions through an LSTM model and generating a process parameter adjustment instruction; the process parameter execution module regulates and controls the stirring strength, the liquid-solid ratio and the water-ash contact time in a linkage manner; and the filtrate circulating module is used for buffering, homogenizing and proportionally mixing the washed liquid phase to generate a regenerated leaching medium for recycling. According to the method, the detection data and the model decision are dynamically matched through the closed-loop control process, and the impurity element removal efficiency is improved.

The present invention belongs to the technical field of ceramic material preparation methods, and specifically relates to a lead-free piezoelectric ceramic, its preparation method, and application. The lead-free piezoelectric ceramic is a KNN-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic or a BT-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic having a perovskite structure; the KNN-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic is prepared by doping gallium nitride with potassium sodium niobate (KNN) ceramic as the matrix, and the chemical formula is 0.955 (K 0.48 Na 0.52 )Nb 0.98 Sb 0.02 O3‒0.045Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 ZrO3‒0.75mol% GaN; The BT-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic is prepared by doping gallium nitride with barium nitride (BT) as the matrix, and the chemical formula is (Ba 0.85 Ca 0.15 )(Ti 0.9 Zr 0.1 ) O‒1.75mol% GaN; the lead-free piezoelectric ceramic has a dense structure, is lead-free, and exhibits excellent electrochemical properties. The preparation method for the lead-free piezoelectric ceramic is simple, low-cost, pollution-free, and utilizes readily available raw materials. The lead-free piezoelectric ceramic can be used to prepare energy harvesters and has significant application value.

The piezoelectric ceramic according to the present disclosure includes, as a main component, a sodium potassium niobate-based composition. The composition is represented by general formula (1). General formula (1): {(K1-a-bNaaLib)1-c-dA1cA2d} x {(Nb1-e- fTaeSbf)1-g-hB1gB2h}O3. Further, the piezoelectric ceramic according to the present disclosure contains, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the abovementioned composition, Mn in the amount of 0.05 to 3.50 parts by mass in terms of MnO2.

According to the low-temperature separation and enrichment system and method for the elements in the multi-element complex metallurgical material, the multi-element complex metallurgical material is pretreated to form powder with a certain particle size, the powder is mixed with pulverized coal and subjected to a reduction reaction with hydrogen in a reaction chamber, meanwhile, different valuable metal elements are separated and enriched through the difference between melting points and boiling points, and the elements in the multi-element complex metallurgical material are separated and enriched. The method not only realizes efficient separation and recovery of elements such as iron, lead, zinc, potassium and sodium in the multi-element complex metallurgical material, but also solves the problems of high energy consumption, low reduction rate and the like in the reduction process of the multi-element complex metallurgical material, and has the advantages of short flow, less equipment, safety in operation, economy, high efficiency and easiness in industrial large-scale production.

The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, and discloses a lithium slag treatment method which comprises the following steps: (1) mixing lithium slag and an alkaline reactant, and grinding to obtain a mixed raw material; (2) sintering the mixed raw material to obtain sintered clinker; and (3) dipping the sintered clinker in an alkaline solution, and carrying out solid-liquid separation. According to the method, toxic elements in the lithium slag can be effectively removed, environmental risks caused by long-term stockpiling of the lithium slag are avoided, potassium and sodium elements in the lithium slag can be effectively removed, adverse effects of the lithium slag on soil and building materials in building and soil application are avoided, and the utilization rate of the lithium slag is increased.

The invention discloses a ternary system potassium sodium niobate-based leadless piezoelectric ceramic and a preparation method thereof, the chemical composition of the potassium sodium niobate-based leadless piezoelectric ceramic is (0.96-x) (K < 0.48 > Na < 0.52 >) (Nb < 0.96 > Sb < 0.04 >) O < 3 >-0.04 wt% Bi < 0.5 > Na < 0.5 > Zr < 0.85 > Hf < 0.15 > O < 3-x > Bi < Sc > O < 3-0.85 wt% Cu < O >-0.2 wt% Fe < 2 > O < 3 >, x is the molar percentage of Bi < Sc > O < 3 >, and x is more than or equal to 0.01 and less than or equal to 0.1. The invention relates to the technical field of lead-free piezoelectric ceramic preparation. According to the ternary system potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic and the preparation method, the ternary system potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic has a high piezoelectric constant and a high mechanical quality factor, keeps a high Curie temperature at the same time, is the lead-free piezoelectric ceramic with great potential, and can be applied to the fields of ultrasound, atomization and the like. The ceramic powder is prepared by adopting a two-step method, the ceramic block is prepared by adopting a two-step sintering method, the preparation method can be suitable for industrial production, and the prepared ceramic is stable in performance, high in practical value and wide in application prospect.

To provide a piezoelectric element that can improve the insulating properties of the piezoelectric layer. [Solution] A piezoelectric element comprising a substrate, a first electrode provided on the substrate, a piezoelectric layer provided on the first electrode and containing potassium, sodium, and niobium, and a second electrode provided on the piezoelectric layer, wherein the piezoelectric layer has a first layer provided on the first electrode and a second layer provided on the first layer, and the piezoelectric layer has a first region including a first interface between the first layer and the second layer and a second region located within the first layer without including the first interface, and the molar ratio of potassium to sodium in the first region is greater than the molar ratio in the second region.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a potassium-sodium niobate-based single crystal, the chemical formula of the potassium-sodium niobate-based single crystal is # imgabs0 # x representing the mole fraction of Co element in a system, 0 < x < = 0.005, pre-seed crystals prepared by a seed-crystal-free solid-phase crystal growth method are subjected to surface growth residue and attachment removal, polishing, thinning and related treatment, and the potassium-sodium niobate-based single crystal is obtained. According to the method, the potassium-sodium niobate and the powder are pressed together to form a seed burying blank, the large-size potassium-sodium niobate-based single crystal grows through seed crystal induction, the advantages of a seed crystal-free solid phase method and a traditional solid phase method are combined, the stability of single crystal growth is ensured, and regulation and control of the growth orientation and size increase of the single crystal can be realized through accurate control of the seed crystal; the introduction of impurities can be avoided, and the repeatability and stability of single crystal growth are improved.

The invention discloses a perovskite-type potassium-sodium niobate-based composite ceramic and a preparation method thereof, the perovskite-type potassium-sodium niobate-based composite ceramic is prepared from two kinds of lead-free piezoelectric ceramics, which are 0.965 (K < 0.48 > Na < 0.52 >) (Nb0.955 Sb < 0.045 >) O < 3 >-0.035 (Bi < 0.5 >, Na < 0.5 >) HfO3 and (K < 0.5 > Na < 0.5 >) NbO < 3 >-1% mol Cu, and the two kinds of lead-free piezoelectric ceramics are firstly pre-synthesized into powder and then mixed, dried and sintered to prepare the perovskite-type potassium-sodium niobate-based composite ceramic. The potassium-sodium niobate-based composite ceramic prepared by mixing potassium-sodium niobate-based ceramic powder of two different systems according to different molar ratios, dry-pressing and sintering has excellent piezoelectric property, good temperature stability and good mechanical quality factor, the piezoelectric constant d33 of the potassium-sodium niobate-based composite ceramic is 254 pC / N, kp reaches 0.51, Qm is 173, and Tc is 304 DEG C.

The invention provides a ceramic green body based on lithium slag and wollastonite, a ceramic tile and a preparation method, and the ceramic green body comprises the following raw materials by weight: 25-35% of clay, 15-25% of lithium slag, 10-20% of wollastonite tailings, 15-25% of potassium-sodium feldspar, 15-25% of quartz, 0-3% of calcium phosphate, and 0.5-0.8% of a dispergator. The lithium slag and the wollastonite tailings are doped into the formula of the ceramic body, a low-aluminum high-calcium billet system is established by combining the clay, the potassium-sodium feldspar, the quartz and the auxiliary raw materials, and the characteristics of the lithium slag and the wollastonite are utilized, and the formula of the ceramic body is adjusted and optimized, so that the low-aluminum high-calcium ceramic body is obtained. The low-aluminum high-calcium green body formula which is low in firing temperature, wide in firing range and easy to control kiln firing can be obtained, energy consumption is remarkably reduced, the utilization rate of the lithium slag and the wollastonite tailings is increased, the production cost of ceramic tiles is reduced, and meanwhile the strength of ceramic products is improved.

The invention discloses a high-performance lead-free piezoelectric catalytic material and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of catalytic materials and pollution abatement, the preparation method of the lead-free piezoelectric catalytic material comprises the following steps: weighing K2CO3, Na2CO3, Nb2O5, Fe2O3 and Co2O3, mixing, performing ultrasonic dispersion treatment, and then performing grinding and presintering treatment to obtain precursor powder; grinding the precursor powder again, and then tabletting to obtain a green body; the green body is subjected to sintering treatment and grinding treatment in sequence, and ceramic powder is obtained; the ceramic powder is placed in pure water for ultrasonic treatment, then drying treatment is conducted, and the lead-free piezoelectric catalytic material is obtained. The potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric catalytic material prepared through the processes of compact sintering, grinding, pure water ultrasonic treatment and the like has extremely high spontaneous polarization, has a very obvious effect on piezoelectric catalytic degradation of rhodamine B, and has the advantages of being environmentally friendly, efficient, high in catalytic activity, safe, stable, capable of reacting at normal temperature and the like.

The invention relates to the technical field of soil element determination, in particular to a method for determining potassium, sodium, calcium and magnesium in soil soluble salt, which comprises the following steps: S1, collecting and preparing a soil sample; s2, preparing a soil sample leaching solution; s3, instrument detection; and S4, data processing and calculation. According to the method, vacuum freeze drying is combined with an ultrasonic-microwave combined extraction technology, and plasma spectrum and ion chromatography combined analysis is adopted, so that the detection efficiency and accuracy are improved, meanwhile, reagent consumption and labor cost are greatly reduced, the problems that a traditional process is tedious, consumed time is long, and precision is insufficient are solved, and the method is suitable for industrial production. The method has the advantages of being convenient to operate, environmentally friendly and the like, can be widely applied to the fields of soil salinization monitoring, agricultural land quality evaluation and geological disaster prevention and control, and provides reliable technical support for environmental protection and resource management.

The invention discloses a blast furnace low fuel ratio smelting method under a high alkali metal load condition. According to the method, in the blast furnace smelting operation, the comprehensive charging grade is lower than 57%, the slag amount is larger than 370 kg / t, the zinc load is larger than 0.4 kg / t, the potassium-sodium load is larger than 5.5 kg / t, the titanium load is larger than 13.0 kg / t, the coke reactivity is higher than 25%, the strength after reaction is lower than 67%, the M40 is lower than 87%, the M10 is higher than 6.0%, and the crude fuel quality fluctuation is large, through optimization of a blast furnace heat system, optimization of a slagging system and regular alkali removal operation of the blast furnace; and adjusting balanced development of two gas flows of the blast furnace to solve the problems that alkali metal in the furnace is cyclically enriched, the furnace condition is stable and smooth, and the fuel ratio is increased. By adopting the method, the problems of serious coke catalytic damage, poor furnace condition stability and high fuel ratio in high-harmful-element and low-grade blast furnace operation are greatly improved, the influence of high alkali metal load on stable and smooth furnace condition and fuel consumption is reduced, the furnace condition is stabilized to the maximum extent, the technical and economic indexes are improved, and the cost is reduced.

The invention relates to a building exterior wall coating and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of building coatings. The coating is composed of a composite inorganic-organic hybrid film forming base material, a nano composite flame-retardant filler, a bio-based thickener, a photoresponsive hydrophobic aid, a low-foam wetting dispersant and deionized water. Wherein the composite base material forms an interpenetrating network structure through compounding of sodium potassium silicate and phosphate modified polyacrylate emulsion, and has inorganic phase hardness and organic phase flexibility; the nano flame-retardant filler adopts an Mg-Al layered dihydroxy oxide and cerium dioxide core-shell structure, and zinc borate is loaded to realize multi-stage flame retardance. The preparation method comprises ultrasonic-assisted emulsion polymerization, electrostatic self-assembly filler compounding and gradient curing processes, and during construction, a layered spraying and ultraviolet activation combined technology is adopted. The super-hydrophobic self-cleaning flame-retardant coating has excellent flame retardance, super-hydrophobic self-cleaning performance and long-acting weather resistance.

The invention belongs to the technical field of refractory materials, and discloses a method for preparing a refractory raw material by utilizing harmless treatment of secondary aluminum ash, which comprises the following steps: selecting hazardous solid waste secondary aluminum ash rich in potassium, sodium, fluorine, chlorine and other harmful substances as a treatment object, grinding, sieving, mixing with sulfite paper pulp waste liquid, and pressing into a porous honeycomb aluminum ash standard brick. Preparing a refractory raw material through the processes of normal-temperature maintenance, heat treatment in a high-temperature nitrogen environment and the like; the technological process is simple, and during high-temperature heat treatment, fluorine, chlorine, potassium, sodium and other alkali ions contained in the aluminum ash are volatilized under the high-temperature driving effect; under the protection of nitrogen atmosphere, the binding capacity between alkali ions such as potassium and sodium and silicon oxide and aluminum oxide in the aluminum ash during volatilization is reduced, and the alkali ions are promoted to effectively escape, so that the alkali removal effect is achieved, and a harmless refractory raw material is obtained; the method is low in production cost, high in aluminum ash treatment efficiency, high in dealkalization rate and good in effect, secondary pollution caused in the aluminum ash treatment process is avoided, and the resource utilization level is improved.

The potassium sodium niobate-based ceramic material with excellent fatigue resistance disclosed in the present invention has a general chemical composition formula of: (1-x)K 0.5 Na 0.5 NbO3‑x(Sr 0.7 La 0.2 )(Mg 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 )O3; x represents the number of moles, and x is 0.03 to 0.12; the ceramic has a perovskite structure, a breakdown electric field of 230 to 400 kV / cm, and a maximum polarization strength of 29.6 to 34.1 μC / cm 2 , the residual polarization intensity is 4.1~7.4μC / cm 2 The present invention discloses a method for preparing a potassium sodium niobate-based ceramic material with excellent fatigue resistance, comprising the following steps: batching, primary ball milling, pre-sintering, secondary ball milling, tableting, cold isostatic pressing, and pressureless closed sintering. The potassium sodium niobate-based ceramic material of the present invention exhibits excellent energy storage performance and fatigue resistance. The ceramic material preparation method of the present invention is simple, reproducible, and has a high yield.

The invention relates to the technical field of membrane separation, in particular to an MOF glass membrane and a preparation method and application thereof. According to the MOF glass film, amorphous ZIF-62 serves as a matrix, crystalline ZIF-8 serves as filler, the crystalline ZIF-8 is evenly dispersed in the amorphous ZIF-62, and the mass ratio of the ZIF-62 to the ZIF-8 is 7: 3-9: 1. The detection result of the separation effect on different ion pairs shows that the MOF glass film has different transmission rates on potassium, sodium and lithium; when the mass ratio of ZIF-62 to ZIF-8 is 7: 3-9: 1, the MOF glass film has a certain separation effect on potassium, sodium and lithium, when the mass ratio is 7: 3, the separation effect is optimal, and the MOF glass film is expected to be applied to separation of alkali metal positive ions in many fields. The preparation method of the MOF glass film provided by the invention is simple in process route, mild in reaction condition and beneficial to large-scale production.

The invention discloses a barium carbonate doped potassium-sodium niobate-based piezoelectric single crystal and a preparation method thereof, the barium carbonate doped potassium-sodium niobate-based piezoelectric single crystal has a chemical general formula of (1-x) (K < 0.498 > Na < 0.498 > Li < 0.004 > Nb < 0.9955 > Bi < 0.004 > Fe < 0.0005 > O < 3 >)-xBaCO3, 0.001 < = x < = 0.009, and x represents a mole fraction. The preparation method comprises the following steps: taking Na2CO3, K2CO3, Nb2O5, Li2CO3, Bi2O3, BaCO3 and Fe2O3 as raw materials, adopting a seedless solid-phase crystal growth method, and carrying out primary refinement ball milling, pre-sintering, secondary refinement ball milling and sintering to prepare the barium carbonate doped potassium sodium niobate based single crystal. According to the method, the collaborative optimization of the piezoelectric property and the temperature stability is realized while the growth of the large-size single crystal is ensured.

The general formula of the potassium-sodium niobate-based leadless piezoelectric ceramic material is x (K < 0.495 > Na < 0.505 >) Sr < 0.02 > Nb < 0.99 > Sn < 0.01 > O < 3-y > mol% ZrO2, x is greater than or equal to 0.92 and less than or equal to 0.94, and y is greater than or equal to 0.8 and less than or equal to 1.5. The invention also discloses ceramic slurry containing the potassium sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic material, and a prepared piezoelectric ceramic layer and nickel inner electrode co-fired type lead-free ceramic laminated actuator. According to the invention, Zr ions are introduced to enhance the anti-reduction characteristic of a KNN-based lead-free ceramic matrix, the high strain response activity of a perovskite A-site vacancy defect dipole is fully utilized, the nickel inner electrode co-fired type lead-free piezoelectric ceramic laminated actuator with high electrostrictive displacement output characteristic is obtained in a reduction sintering atmosphere, and the piezoelectric ceramic laminated actuator has excellent driving performance and can be applied to the field of piezoelectric ceramics. Good linear correlation exists between displacement output and driving voltage amplitude.

The invention discloses a high-density potassium-sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic, which is characterized in that the potassium-sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic is K0. 48Na0. 52NbO3-xB2O3, and x is equal to 0.1-0.8. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the high-density potassium-sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the high-density potassium sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic. The boron oxide is doped, so that the density of the KNN piezoelectric ceramic can be well improved, and the ferroelectric property and the piezoelectric property are also greatly improved.

The present invention discloses a potassium-sodium co-doped manganese dioxide nanomaterial and its preparation and application. The present invention comprises the steps of dissolving silicate and manganese salt and mixing them to prepare a precursor; and treating the precursor by alkali etching. The potassium ions and sodium ions pre-embedded between the manganese dioxide layers stabilize the layered structure of the crystal, widen the interlayer spacing, and make the embedding and extraction of zinc ions and hydrogen ions smoother through electrostatic shielding. At the same time, the prepared potassium-sodium co-doped manganese dioxide nanomaterial has a unique nano-flower sheet structure, which increases the contact area of ​​the reaction. The electrochemical test results show that the potassium-sodium co-doped manganese dioxide nanomaterial has a good reversible specific capacity as a positive electrode material for zinc ion batteries. At a current density of 0.5 A / g, the high specific capacity can reach up to 239.1 mAh / g after 600 cycles.

An object of the present disclosure is to provide a dense potassium sodium niobate sintered body and a sputtering target capable of producing a thin film having a desired composition and crystal phase. A potassium sodium niobate sintered body containing potassium (K), sodium (Na), niobium (Nb), and oxygen (O) satisfies 1 < (K+Na) / Nb ≤ 1.3 in terms of atomic ratio, and has a dimensional density of 3.9 g / cm 3 The above.

This piezoelectric element comprises a columnar laminate and two conductor layers. In the columnar laminate, internal electrodes and a piezoelectric body having potassium sodium niobate as the main component are alternately laminated. The two conductor layers are positioned on the respective lateral surfaces of the laminate and are connected to the corresponding internal electrodes. The piezoelectric body has a first portion and a second portion. The first portion overlaps the internal electrodes in a planar perspective view in the lamination direction. The second portion is located outside the first portion and does not overlap the internal electrodes in the planar perspective view. The concentration of at least one of potassium and sodium contained in the piezoelectric body is constant in the first portion, decreases stepwise at the interface between the second portion and the first portion, and decreases gradually from the interface to the surface in the second portion.

The raw material crusher comprises a machine body shell, a machine door arranged on the upper side of the machine body shell, and a first sealing rubber ring arranged in the middle of the machine door, and further comprises a supporting frame installed at the lower end of the machine door, a spraying opening is formed in the inner side of the supporting frame, and a second sealing rubber ring is arranged in the middle of the supporting frame. A water pump is arranged on the left side of the supporting frame. The raw material crusher capable of preventing dust from escaping and used for potassium-sodium feldspar powder processing has the function of preventing dust from escaping in the using process, so that raw materials are extruded and damaged in the device, a large amount of dust is not prone to being generated and escaping towards the outer side of the device, the escaping dust is prevented from affecting the body health of operators, the using safety of the device is improved, and the service life of the device is prolonged. And meanwhile, when the device is damaged, the device can be conveniently disassembled, assembled and overhauled, the maintenance and overhaul efficiency of the device is prevented from being affected, the maintenance and overhaul cost of the device is reduced, and the better using effect is achieved.

The invention discloses a production system of high-flowability moisture-proof sodium potassium titanate, and relates to the technical field of sodium potassium titanate, the production system comprises a pulsed electric field in-situ moisture-proof layer synthesis unit, a multistage cyclone coupling fluidized bed modification unit and a block chain quality closed-loop control unit, the pulsed electric field in-situ moisture-proof layer synthesis unit comprises a nitrogen-protected closed reaction kettle, a high-frequency ultrasonic disperser and a multi-stage pulsed electric field generator, the high-frequency ultrasonic disperser applies a 0.5-20 MHz pulsed electric field, the field intensity of the pulsed electric field is 10-30 kV / cm, the duty ratio of the pulsed electric field is 15%-90%, and the multi-stage pulsed electric field generator is used for generating the moisture-proof layer. The high-frequency ultrasonic disperser enables a nano rare earth silicate composite coating layer to be generated in situ on the surface of sodium potassium titanate particles, the thickness of the nano rare earth silicate composite coating layer is 10-50 microns, the humidity sensitivity of the nano rare earth silicate composite coating layer is 0.1%-0.3%, the multi-stage rotational flow coupling fluidized bed modification unit comprises three stages of fluidized beds which are arranged in series, and the three stages of fluidized beds are connected in parallel. The inclination angle of the inclination-angle-adjustable swirl nozzle array arranged at each stage is 10-60 degrees, and the distance is 1.2-2.5 times of the particle diameter.

Provided is a piezoelectric element, a head chip, a liquid ejecting apparatus, and a sensor, which can suppress a decrease in efficiency (linearity) of displacement of a vibrating plate. The piezoelectric element of the present application includes a first electrode, a piezoelectric layer formed above the first electrode, and a second electrode formed above the piezoelectric layer, wherein the piezoelectric layer contains potassium, sodium, and niobium, and a Young's modulus of the piezoelectric layer measured by a nanoindentation method exceeds 130 GPa.

A polymer composite having piezoelectric properties that can be formed for flexible and / or thin film applications, where the polymer composite includes a polymer matrix and a piezoelectric ceramic filler embedded in the polymer matrix. The polymer matrix can include at least two polymers: a first polymer and a second polymer. The first polymer can be a fluorinated polymer and the second polymer can be compatible with the first polymer and have a dielectric constant less than about 20. The piezoelectric ceramic filler can be lithium-doped potassium sodium niobate (KNLN) and can be about 40-70 vol% of the polymer composite. The remaining 30-60 vol% can be the polymer matrix, which itself can be about 5-20 wt% of the second polymer and 80-95 wt% of the fluorinated polymer.

The present invention relates to the technical field of ceramic materials, and in particular to a lead-free ceramic with fast and efficient photostrictive response and a preparation method thereof, comprising K 0.5 Na 0.5 NbO3-based ceramics and doping elements, the doping elements are Tb, Bi and Li, and the chemical formula of lead-free ceramics is: [(K 0.5 Na 0.5 ) 1‑z Li z ](Nb 1‑y Bi y )O3‑xTb; wherein x, y, z represent the doping amount, x, y, z = 0 to 0.1. The present invention adopts the above-mentioned lead-free ceramic with fast and efficient photostrictive response and preparation method, in potassium sodium niobate K 0.5 Na 0.5 By cation doping and process control in NbO3-based ceramics, the electric domain size can be reduced from the micron level to the nanometer level, and its local piezoelectric response can be improved. After optimizing the sintering process, the best light transmittance can be obtained, thereby improving the efficiency of photogenerated carriers migrating to the domain wall to shield the depolarization field, thereby effectively improving the photostrictive performance.

The invention discloses a preparation method of potassium sodium hydrogen citrate granules, which comprises the following steps: dissolving citric acid, sodium citrate and potassium citrate raw material medicines by using pure water, adding a proper amount of alcohol solvent, stirring to form a suspended raw material medicine solution, and carrying out spray drying, granulation and other processes to obtain the potassium sodium hydrogen citrate granules. The spray drying process is adopted, the mixed solvent of the pure water and the alcohol solvent is used, the uniform potassium sodium hydrogen citrate raw material medicine fine powder is obtained, the hygroscopicity of the powder is remarkably improved, the drying efficiency is high, the powder can be used for granulation without secondary smashing, and further prepared potassium sodium hydrogen citrate particles are uniform in color and good in stability and meet related quality standards.

This invention discloses a method for preparing activator-free single-component cement. The main technical method involves selecting raw meal containing silicon, aluminum, calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium oxides, grinding it into raw meal powder, oxidizing and calcining it at a temperature not lower than 1250°C until the phase is stable, and then rapidly cooling it to obtain clinker; the clinker is then ground into powdered cement. This cement has the characteristics of low carbon, energy saving, waste utilization, and environmental protection, and has good application prospects.