The invention discloses
plasma external deposition equipment and a
plasma external deposition method for manufacturing an
optical fiber preform. The equipment comprises a
plasma source; the
electromagnetic coil is used for generating an induction high-frequency
electromagnetic field; the blowtorch is nested in the
electromagnetic coil, the blowtorch comprises five
layers of structures, and each layer of structure is connected with a gas channel for introducing different raw materials; the lathe is used for fixing the
optical fiber preform and controlling rotation of the
optical fiber preform and movement of the blowtorch; and the holding furnaces are arranged at two ends of the optical
fiber preform. According to the invention, an out-of-tube deposition method is adopted, and gas flow rates of five gas channels are designed and adjusted, so that ionized gas is ionized in a high-frequency
electromagnetic field at the minimum flow rate,
plasma flame and a high-temperature area are generated, and a
silicon raw material and
oxygen rapidly pass through the
plasma flame and then are rapidly sprayed to the surface of the optical
fiber preform; the
fluorine raw material is introduced through the edge position of the
plasma flame with the lowest relative temperature, volatilization of the
fluorine raw material is reduced, the
utilization rate of the
fluorine raw material can be increased to 60%, and the
utilization rate of the
silicon raw material can be increased to 70%.