The invention discloses a device and a method for preparation of liquid smoke and co-production of activated carbon by pyrolysis of Chinese hawthorn seeds. The device comprises a feed hopper, a drying chamber, a pyrolyzing furnace, an activating furnace, a gas condensation system, a gas cabinet, a combustor, an activated carbon cooling discharge system and a tail gas treatment device. According to the device, co-production of activated carbon can be realized while the liquid smoke is prepared, comprehensive utilization of the resources is realized, the phenomenon that attention is only paid to production of single product while the economic value of byproducts is neglected is avoided, pollution to the environment is avoided while energy is saved, heat required for the processes of drying, pyrolysis, carbonization, activation and the like of the Chinese hawthorn seeds is supplied by combustible gas of non-condensable gas, activating reaction gas and the like obtained by pyrolysis of the Chinese hawthorn seeds, self-sufficiency of the heat can be realized; according to the system, heat exchange is realized by low temperature air used for combustion of the combustor, vapor required for activation and high temperature activated carbon, each takes what it needs, at the same time, high temperature flue gas is exhausted after passing by the high temperature section and the low temperature section sequentially, gradient utilization of different layers of energy is realized, and the energy utilization efficiency is high.