119results about How to "Suitable for large-scale industrialization" patented technology

The invention provides a simple and high-efficiency method for recycling cobalt and lithium from a positive plate of a waste lithium ion battery, and relates to a method for recycling cobalt and lithium from the positive plate of the waste lithium ion battery. The method is characterized by comprising the following processes of ammonium sulfate roasting, in which the positive plate of the waste lithium battery is mixed with ammonium sulfate, and high-temperature roasting is performed to obtain reduction roasting slag; screening, in which the reduction roasting slag is vibrated and is screened by a vibration screening machine, and an aluminum foil is separated and removed to obtain reduction slag containing cobalt and lithium; acid leaching, in which the aluminum foil is separated and removed from the reduction roasting slag, is leached in sulfuric acid and is filtered to obtain a sulfate solution containing cobalt and lithium; impurity removal, in which pH of the solution is adjusted by sodium carbonate, and a precipitant is filtered and removed to obtain a lithium-cobalt sulfate mixture solution; cobalt deposition, in which sodium hydroxide is added into the lithium-cobalt sulfate mixture solution, the pH of the solution is controlled to be 7.5-9.5, and filtering is performed to obtain the precipitant, the precipitant is washed with deionized water at 85-95 DEG C, cobalt hydroxide is dried, cobalt hydroxide after being dried is placed in a reduction furnace, and H2 is introduced for reduction to obtain cobalt powder; and lithium deposition, in which pH of a lithium-containing solution is adjusted to 7-8, and an excessive amount of a lithium deposition agent is added to a lithium salt product.

The invention belongs to the technical field of electronic encapsulating composite materials, and relates to a preparation method of a composite material of high-thermal-conductivity graphite whisker-oriented and reinforced metal. The composite material contains high-thermal-conductivity graphite whiskers of which the volume fraction is 20-80 percent. The preparation method of the composite material comprises the following production process steps: uniformly mixing metal powder, whiskers and paste comprising a bonding agent, a plasticizer and a solvent; pouring the mixture into a one-way extruding mold and extruding in an oriented manner to obtain strip-shaped or laminar sintered precursors; and removing the paste from the sintered precursors, putting the sintered precursors into a mold in an overlaying manner, sintering and curing to obtain the composite material. The one-dimensional oriented distribution degree of the whiskers in the composite material produced by adopting the method is high, and axial thermal conduction of the whiskers is facilitated. The obtained composite material has relatively high thermal conductivity and an adjustable thermal expansion coefficient, and is an ideal electronic encapsulating material.

The invention discloses an integration processing method of a high-efficient corn straw biological feed, and belongs to the field of biological feeds. Corn straw is subjected to three-step fermentation, so that a superior microorganism coarse feed for ruminant animals, with high efficiency and low cost, is produced in a large-scale manner. The integration processing method comprises the following steps of firstly, based on the corn straw, performing high-efficient pure solid cultivation on a white rot fungus enzyme preparation, then converting the cultivated white rot fungus enzyme preparation in large inoculum amount to a first-stage fermentation medium of the corn straw, and besides, inoculating serial lignocelluloses degradation bacteria and candida utilis bacteria for synergistic rapid degradation and transformation; then adding bacillus and saccharomyces cerevisiae for second-stage fermentation; and using lactic acid bacteria for third-stage anaerobic fermentation so as to obtain finished products. The raw materials used by the integration processing method do not need to be sterilized, the finished products do not need to be dried, lysozymes are enriched, the cost is low, the lignin is notably reduced, and genuine protein is increased to 12% or above. The high-efficient corn straw biological feed can be used as a superior coarse feed and a protein grain feed for cattle and sheep, and the additive quantity can reach 60% or above; the additive quantity can also be about 10%, so that the high-efficient corn straw biological feed is used for simple stomach animals. The technique is high in scalability and integrity, and the economic and social benefits are notable.

The present invention discloses a method for preparing functional peptide protein powder using blood cells of livestock and poultry as raw materials. The method is as follows: continuously centrifuging fresh blood of livestock and poultry to separate blood plasma and blood cells; processing the blood cells by physical and chemical methods to break cell membranes and denature intracellular protein; after the membrane breaking and denaturing process, adding acid (or base) and a protease preparation into the blood cell solution to enzymatically hydrolyze the blood cell protein into small peptides and amino acids containing functional ingredients; then centrifuging the products of enzymolysis and adding acid and a decolorizer to performing decoloration; and finally performing spray drying on the decolorized blood cell solution. The present invention also provides functional peptide protein powder prepared by the method. The functional peptide protein powder has a high protein content, a high essential amino acid content, a high bioactive peptide content, a high digestion and absorption rate, and a strong antioxidant capacity, can improve the disease resistance of livestock and poultry, protein deposition and production performance, can be widely used for livestock, poultry and aquatic animals, and can also be used as a substitute for fish meal and soybean meal.

The invention discloses a high-hardness wear-resistance netty structured double-metal titanium base composite material. With titanium or titanium alloys as basal bodies, metal for compounding, intermetallic compound particle phases automatically generated on the titanium or titanium alloy basal bodies in situ, and the metal for compounding are distributed on the surfaces of the titanium or titanium alloy basal bodies in a lantern form in sequence to form the netty structured double-metal titanium base composite material. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the high-hardnesswear-resistance netty structured double-metal titanium base composite material; and in the method, the high-energy ball milling compounding is performed on basal body powder and metal powder for compounding after high-energy ball milling; and then, the sintering is performed. The friction and wear resistance and the hardness of the double-metal titanium base composite material are improved by using an excellent self-lubricating effect of the metal for compounding and a distribution strengthening effect of the intermetallic compound particle phases; and the double-metal titanium base compositepowder is prepared by adopting the high-energy ball milling method without needing cleaning, sensitization and activation of the raw materials, so that the process is simple, the operability is high,and the large-scale industrialization is facilitated.

The invention discloses a method for increasing the light absorption of a solar cell, comprising: growing a nanostructure of a wide-bandgap oxide on the light-receiving surface of the solar cell, the wide-bandgap oxide being zinc oxide, titanium dioxide or tin dioxide, The nanostructure is a nanoparticle with a diameter of 10-100 nm or a nano-rod array with a single nano-rod length of 30-300 nm. The method for increasing the light absorption of the solar cell can significantly reduce the light reflection loss in a wide solar spectrum range, so that the efficiency of the solar cell is significantly improved. The method of the invention has simple process, low energy consumption, is fully compatible with the existing solar cell production process, and is suitable for large-scale industrialization.

A process for preparing the potassium chloride product with low content of calcium sulfate features that its technological route includes classifying, cold decomposing and forward floatation, or classifying, reverse floatation, and cold crystallizing. Its raw material is carnallite.

The invention discloses a production method of a large-scale rice wheat straw microorganism feed, and belongs to the field of biological feeds. Rice wheat straw is used as a main carbon source, and inorganic nitrogen is used as a main nitrogen source. The production method comprises the following steps of performing high-efficient pure solid cultivation on a white rot fungus enzyme preparation, then converting the cultivated white rot fungus enzyme preparation in large inoculum amount to a first-stage fermentation medium of the rice wheat straw, and besides, inoculating serial lignocelluloses degradation bacteria and candida utilis bacteria for synergistic rapid degradation and transformation; adding bacillus and saccharomyces cerevisiae for second-stage fermentation; and using lactic acid bacteria for third-stage anaerobic fermentation so as to obtain finished products. The lignin of the straw biological feed is greatly reduced, genuine protein is increased to 11%b or above, and the raw materials do not need to be sterilized; the finished products do not need drying treatment, lysozymes are enriched, and the production cost is extremely low. The large-scale rice wheat straw microorganism feed can be used as a superior coarse feed and a protein grain feed for cattle and sheep, and the additive quantity can reach 60% or above; the additive quantity can also be about 10%, so that the large-scale rice wheat straw microorganism feed is used for simple stomach animals. The large-scale rice wheat straw microorganism feed is suitable for mass production, and the feeding and economic effects are obvious.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a nanoporous high-efficiency heat-insulating polyethylene film, by which the nanoporous high-efficiency heat-insulating polyethylene film is prepared from nanometer aerogel powder as an inorganic filler and polyethylene powder as a main raw material. The preparation process comprises the following main steps: performing surface modification on the nanometer aerogel powder, preparing masterbatch, casting the film and the like. Through certain technical characterization, the fact that the nanometer aerogel powder is uniformly dispersed in a polyethylene matrix is proved. Compared with the conventional polyethylene film, the nanoporous high-efficiency heat-insulating polyethylene film provided by the invention has the advantages as follows: theheat conductivity of the nanoporous high-efficiency heat-insulating polyethylene film doped with 3% of the aerogel powder is decreased by 26.1%, and the tensile strength and the elongation at break are not changed too much. Decrease in the heat conductivity indicates increase in heat-preserving and heat-insulating properties of the film, so that the film prepared by the preparation method provided by the invention has a very good application prospect in the field of heat preservation and heat insulation.

The invention relates to ganoderma lucidum refined polysaccharides with significant assistant antitumor activity and a preparation method and application of the ganoderma lucidum refined polysaccharides. The refined polysaccharides is heteropolysaccharide which is mainly prepared from mannose, glucosamine, glucuronic acid, glucose, galactose, xylose and fucose in a molar ratio of (3 to 4) to 1 to(1.3 to 1.7) to (56 to 65) to (4 to 6) to (1.3 to 1.8) to (2.5 to 3.5), the absolute purity is greater than 52%, the weight average molecular weight is 7500-8500D, and the molecular weight distribution index is 1.3 to 1.5. The preparation method comprises the following steps of dynamically extracting by hot water, coarsely filtering to remove residues, carrying out fine filtration and clarifying,deproteinizing and decoloring by in-series resin beds, concentrating and removing impurities by an ultrafiltration membrane, and carrying out spray-drying or alcohol precipitation air drying. The method is intelligent and energy-saving, can solve industrial difficult problems, and has significant large scale advantage and good product safety, effectiveness, controllability and stability. The polysaccharides have significant functional activity in assisting in antitumor and are useful for the development of drugs for prevention and treatment of tumors and the development of food and health products in related fields.

The invention provides a microwave dielectric ceramic material. The microwave dielectric ceramic material is prepared from a mixture of a composite oxide and sintering aids, wherein the general formula of the composite oxide is xLa2O3-ySrO-zAl2O3-wTiO2; and in the formula (I), x is more than 0 and less than 10, y is more than or equal to 0 and less than 5, z is more than 0 and less than 10, and wis more than or equal to 0 and less than 5. Compared with the prior art, the microwave dielectric ceramic material provided by the invention has the advantages that a crystal structure of the microwave dielectric ceramic material is changed among a KNi2F4 structure, a composite perovskite structure and a simple perovskite structure along with proportional change of x, y, z and w in a main component xLa2O3-ySrO-zAl2O3-wTiO2, so that the microwave dielectric ceramic material has relatively high dielectric constant and extremely low dielectric loss; and as Ti particle content is increased, frequency-temperature coefficient of the microwave dielectric ceramic material is in an increasing trend in a certain range. Experimental results show that the microwave dielectric ceramic material has thedielectric constant of 18.2-50, Q*f value can reach 110000GHz, and the frequency-temperature coefficient is adjustable in a range from -30ppm / K to +35ppm / K.

The invention provides a microwave dielectric ceramic material prepared by a composite oxide and an additive. The composite oxide is represented by the following general formula: MLa4Ti3M'O15, whereinM is Ca, Ba or Mg, and M' is Al, Sb or Bi. Compared with the prior art, the microwave dielectric ceramic material provided by the invention is prepared by the compound oxide represented by a specificgeneral formula and the additive and is a medium-dielectric-constant microwave dielectric ceramic; the microwave dielectric ceramic material satisfies the dielectric constant near 45 and is continuously adjustable, has an extremely high Q*f value and good sintering stability, and also can achieve continuous adjustment of temperature drift to meet various needs. Experimental results show that therelative dielectric constant [epsilon]r of the microwave dielectric ceramic material provided by the invention is 43.2-46.8, the quality factor Q*f value is more than or equal to 46200 GHz, and the sintering is stable; at the same time, the temperature drift adjusting range is from -8 to +13 ppm / DEG C and can be continuously adjustable to meet various needs, and the microwave dielectric ceramic material has excellent application value and market potential.

The invention relates to a method of preparing white carbon black by virtue of a carbonization method. The method comprises the following steps: adding water into liquid water glass with the modulus to be 2.5-3.8 to prepare a water glass liquid with the mass percent of 5-25 percent, uniformly stirring at the temperature of 40-90 DEG C, introducing the mixture into a high-pressure atomization reaction tower, controlling the pressure of a tower body to be 0.05-0.8MPa, supplementing carbon dioxide gas to keep stable pressure, exhausting waste gas, keeping the volume content of carbon dioxide in gas in the tower body to be 60-100 percent, controlling the temperature in the tower body to be 40-90 DEG C, carrying out continuous production, settling white carbon black slurry at the bottom of the reaction tower, conveying the white carbon black slurry to a storage tank by virtue of a pipeline to obtain white carbon black grout, washing, grinding, and drying to obtain a white carbon black finished product, wherein the atomization particle size is 5-100 microns. The method is simple in equipment requirements, rapid and efficient in reaction, small in particle size of the produced white carbon black product and uniform in distribution, is environmentally friendly without pollution, accords with various performance indexes of white carbon black for rubber and has good economical benefit.

The invention relates to ganoderma spore powder refined polysaccharide with significant auxiliary anti-tumor activity and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of medicinal-fungus extraction and separation and the field of drug and food application development. The refined polysaccharide is mainly prepared from heteropolysaccharide composed of mannose, glucose, galactose and fucose according to the molar ratio of 1: (40-50): (4-5.5): (1.5-2), the purity of the refined polysaccharide is greater than 80%, and the weight-average molecular weight is 160-200 KD. Thepreparation method of the ganoderma spore powder refined polysaccharide includes the steps of using hot water for dynamic extraction, removing residues by combining sedimentation and rough filtration, conducting refined filtration and clarification, removing impurities through ultrafiltration-membrane concentration, and drying through spray or airing through alcohol precipitation. The preparationmethod of the ganoderma spore powder refined polysaccharide is environmentally friendly and smart, saves energy, can solve industrialized difficulties and has significant scale advantages, prepared products meet the requirements, about the safety, availability, controllability and stability, in a drug and medicine quality controlling system. The ganoderma spore powder refined polysaccharide has significant functional activity at the auxiliary anti-tumor aspect and can be used for developing tumor prevention and treating drugs, and development of food and healthcare products in related fieldscan be carried out.

The invention relates to a method for preparing a fiber particle board and aims to provide a method for preparing the fiber particle board which has high wood utilization rate, is difficult to warp or deform, has a flat panel and is easy to realize mechanical production by processes of drying, sizing, paving and the like. In the technical scheme disclosed by the invention, the method for preparing the fiber particle board is characterized by comprising the following steps of: (1) small-diameter wood milling; (2) wafer grinding; (3) pipeline sizing; (4) fiber fine wood wool drying; (5) paving (6) prepressing; (7) hot pressing; and (8) post processing. The method for preparing the fiber particle board is suitable for the industries of furnitures, decoration and the like.

The invention discloses a beneficiation method for extracting phosphorus, reducing calcium and recovering magnesium for calcareous or calcareous and siliceous phosphorite containing high magnesium or low magnesium. The beneficiation method includes the steps that the phosphorite is subjected to multi-stage heat treatment and is then subjected to fluidized roasting, water is added to obtained phosphorite roasting powder for stirring, and sizing is obtained after digestive treatment; the sizing is separated to obtain underflow and overflow, and phosphorus concentrates and filter liquid are obtained after the underflow is filtered; and when the phosphorite contains high magnesium, the filter liquid is merged with the overflow, then carbonization pyrolysis treatment is conducted, and magnesium is recovered. The invention further discloses a beneficiation system which comprises a fluidized roasting system, a tail gas purifying system and a digestion separation system. The fluidized roasting system comprises a fluidized roasting decomposing furnace, a feeding assembly, a suspension preheating assembly, a gas supplying assembly and a combustion assembly; and the beneficiation system further comprises a carbonization pyrolysis system when being used for the high-magnesium phosphorite. The beneficiation system can be adopted for conducting treatment such as suspension preheating, fluidized roasting decomposing, digestion separation and carbonization pyrolysis. The beneficiation method and the beneficiation system have the beneficial effects of being high in efficiency, environment-friendly, capable of saving energy, high in valuable metal recovery rate and the like.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a selenium-copper intermediate alloy, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: (1) adding 1 to 3 mass parts of selenium with the purity of 99 to 99.999 weight percent and 0.5 to 1.2 mass parts of reducing agent into a reaction kettle with a stirrer and a thermometer, and reacting at the temperature of between 200 and 300 DEG C and the vacuum degree of 0.05 to 0.1MPa for 0.5 to 1 hour to obtain a selenium compound; and (2) adding the selenium compound and water in a solid-to-liquid mass ratio of 1:(2-10) into the reaction kettle, stirring and mixing for dissolving, adding 2 to 3 mass parts of precipitating agent, fully precipitating at the temperature of between 50 and 100 DEG C, filtering, and drying to obtain the selenium-copper intermediate alloy.

The invention provides microwave dielectric ceramic. The microwave dielectric ceramic comprises compound oxide; the compound oxide has a general formula shown as follows: Ba2-xSm4+2 / 3xTi9-yMnyO26, wherein x is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.32 and y is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.02. Compared with the prior art, the microwave dielectric ceramic provided by the invention takes the compound oxide shown as the specific general formula as a main body material, the dielectric constant can be adjusted in a range of 73 to 80 through adjusting the content of Sm and the frequency-temperature coefficient is continuously adjustable; on one hand, Ti is replaced with less Mn and is used as an acceptor for doping; on one hand, the radius of an Mn atom is slightly greater than the Ti; when the Mn is added, a space structure can be stabilized and the Q*f value is improved; on the other hand, the reduction of the Ti is inhibited by utilizing valence alternation of the Mn in a sintering process, so that the Q*f value is improved; the microwave dielectric ceramic is stable in structure and low in sintering temperature and has relatively high dielectric constant and Q*f value; meanwhile, the resonance frequency-temperature coefficient is continuously adjustable so that the microwave dielectric ceramic has a very wide application prospect in the field of microwave communication and large-scale commercial utilization can be realized.

The invention discloses a solar absorbing film. The solar absorbing film comprises a bottom-layer metal sheet Cu, an absorbing layer and an AlN antireflection layer formed through reactive sputtering in sequence, wherein the absorbing layer comprises multiple absorbing period layers; each period layer comprises two layers of effective absorbing layer films; the effective absorbing layer films are metal-layer Ni films and ceramic absorbing-layer TiNxOy-Ni films from top to bottom in sequence; and the metal-layer Ni films are 5-8 nm thick. The invention further discloses a preparation method. The preparation method comprises procedures of pretreatment of the bottom-layer metal sheet, deposition of the absorbing layer and high-vacuum heat annealing; the procedure of deposition of the absorbing layer adopts a three-target direct-current magnetron sputtering method; and the coating deposition is performed with TiO2 having the purity of 99.9 wt%, metal Ni having the purity of 99.99 wt% and metal Al having the purity of 99.99 wt% as sputtering targets. The solar absorbing layer adopts design thoughts of multistage layered structure and component gradient, so that the absorbing layer has both characteristics of multistage layered structure and component gradient; the absorption / emission rate is optimized; and the solar absorbing film also has the characteristics of corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance, the coating working reliability is guaranteed, and the comprehensive performance of a blue titanium selective absorption coating layer is further enhanced.

The invention discloses a denim accelerating agent. The reactive dye accelerating agent is prepared from, by weight, 10-30 parts of sodium hydroxide, 10-20 parts of polyacrylamide, 20-30 parts of poly-oxalic acid fatty acid esters, 5-10 parts of sodium metasilicate, 5-15 parts of mica powder, 25-40 parts of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 40-55 parts of plant extracts and 10-30 parts of surfactants. According to the accelerating agent, level dyeing of the reactive dyes is promoted, the technology is greatly simplified, the time is shortened, and the cost and wastewater treatment load are reduced; the accelerating agent is mainly obtained from the plant extracts and is free of poison and environmentally friendly, damage to a worker body cannot be caused, harm to denim is less, and no harm to a human body can be caused when the denim serves as clothes; the accelerating agent is easy and convenient to prepare and suitable for large-scale industrialized popularization.

The invention discloses an antenna transmission device comprising a driving shaft, a transposition component, a position selecting gear and at least one output gear; the transposition component is arranged on the driving shaft, and can be driven by the driving shaft to rotate only in the first direction and link to any one output gear, so that revolution and position selection are achieved; the position selecting gear is an outer gear ring arranged on the driving shaft and linking to the transposition component, and can be driven by the driving shaft to rotate only in the first direction, so that the transposition component is driven to rotate, and the output gear lining to the transposition component can be driven to output bi-directionally, namely in the forward direction or in the reverse direction. The antenna transmission device disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simple structure control, low cost, high integration level, easy assembly and replacement, and is suitable for scale industrialization, and the two-way output of a plurality of phase shifters can be controlled by a motor.

The invention discloses a method for recycling an electrolyte of an aluminum-air battery. The method comprises the steps of: diluting a failed electrolyte, performing cooling, standing and layering, collecting a lower-layer precipitate, adding one or more than one seed crystals into the lower-layer precipitate for crystallization to promote most of dissolved aluminum to precipitate, performing centrifuging, drying, firing to obtain alumina, and electrolyzing the alumina to obtain pure aluminum, wherein the separated supernatant can be added with an electrolyte for repeated use. The invention also discloses an aluminum-air battery with the novel electrolyte prepared by the method. Compared with the prior art, the method can effectively remove the aluminum hydroxide precipitate and most of dissolved aluminum in the electrolyte, and does not introduce impurity phases, so that the centrifuged solution can be used as the electrolyte again after the electrolyte is added, and the resource utilization rate is improved. The method is safe, effective, easy to operate, capable of being performed in a fully-closed environment, capable of purifying the working environment, capable of effectively avoiding environmental pollution, low in requirement on equipment and suitable for large-scale industrialization.

The invention provides an MAS-LT composite microwave dielectric ceramic, which has a general formula shown in the following formula: Mg2-xBaxAl4Si5O18-Li2TiO3; wherein x = 0 ~ 0.16; the MAS-LT composite microwave dielectric ceramic contains 6-24% of Li2TiO3 by mass. Compared with the prior art, the MAS-LT composite microwave dielectric ceramic takes a composite oxide with the specific general formula as a main material, and can realize the dielectric constant between 4 and 6 and the continuous adjustment of the frequency temperature coefficient by adjusting the content of the Li2TiO3. Moreover, the MAS-LT composite microwave dielectric ceramic has a stable structure, a specific dielectric constant and a higher Q * f value, and the resonant frequency temperature coefficient is continuouslyadjustable. Experimental results show that the dielectric constant of the MAS-LT composite microwave dielectric ceramic is 4-5.8, the Q * f is more than or equal to 35,800 GHz, and the dielectric constant can reach 87,600 GHz. Compared with other microwave dielectric ceramics with the same dielectric constant, the system has high Q * f value and low dielectric loss; at the same time, the resonantfrequency temperature coefficient is continuously adjustable between -12 ppm / DEG C to +13 ppm / DEG C, the sintering temperature is as low as 950 DEG C, and the formula can be flexibly adjusted.

The invention discloses a preparing method for vanadium based composite titanium dioxide catalyst used in ammonium bisulfate decomposition during De-NOxDenitration. The preparing method comprises the steps of preparing composite titanium dioxide, loading the vanadium onto the composite titanium dioxide, and roasting the vanadium based composite titanium dioxide. According to the preparing method for vanadium based composite titanium dioxide catalyst used in ammonium bisulfate decomposition during De-NOxDenitration, through loading certain vanadium pentoxide onto the composite titanium dioxide, vanadium based composite titanium dioxide catalyst is obtained, which can reduce decomposing temperature of ammonium bisulfate; meanwhile, the preparing method is simple in technique, strong in operability, and is applicable to large-scale industrialization.

The invention discloses a process for efficiently extracting vanadium from stone coal vanadium ore. The process comprises the following steps that (1) the stone coal vanadium ore is put into a leaching tank, then dilute sulfuric acid is added into the leaching tank, and stirring is started; (2) a leaching agent containing NO2 gas is introduced into the leaching tank for making a leaching reaction;and (3) solid-liquid separation is performed after the leaching reaction is completed to obtain a vanadium-contained leaching agent. According to the provided process for efficiently extracting the vanadium from the stone coal vanadium ore, roasting is not needed, low acid leaching is directly adopted, and moreover, NO2 is used as the leaching agent, so that the leaching rate is high, the acid consumption is low, moreover, the process is simple, the cost is low, and the process is suitable for large-scale industrial popularization.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a metal thin film with both coating thickness and grain size of a gradient structure. The metal thin film has high strength and high ductility and presents excellent comprehensive mechanical performance. Different from conventional top-down methods, a new path is opened, and a bottom-up method is adopted to prepare the thin film in micro-nano scale and of the gradient structure; in other words, high-vacuum direct-current magnetron sputtering technology is utilized, an ultrathin separation layer (1nm Ta) with high thermostability is introduced ingeniously, a metal thin film is separated into a multilayer structure with gradient changing thickness, gradient distribution of grain size is further improved through medium-temperature annealing, then a non-homogeneous gradient-structure thin film with both the coating thickness and the grain size in gradient changing is obtained. A thin coating provides high strength, and a thick coating maintains high ductility, so that the gradient thin film has the advantages of high strength and high ductility. The preparation method has high suitability and can be popularized to various other metal andmetal compound thin films. The preparation method is clean, pollution-free and low in cost and has good realizing effect.

The invention provides a BCSLTM-SA composite microwave dielectric ceramic and a preparation method thereof. The BCSLTM-SA composite microwave dielectric ceramic is prepared from Ba1.2Ca0.4Sm3La1.26Ti8.99Mn0.01O26 and SmAlO3, wherein the mass percent of the SmAlO3 is 5 to 15 percent. Compared with the prior art, the BCSLTM-SA composite microwave dielectric ceramic provided by the invention is formed by compounding BCSLTM and SA in specific proportion. The BCSLTM-SA composite microwave dielectric ceramic comprises two crystal phase structures of Ba1.2Ca0.4Sm3La1.26Ti8.99Mn0.01O26 and SmAlO3; thestructure is stable; specific dielectric constant and high Q*f values are realized; meanwhile, the resonant frequency temperature coefficient is continuous and adjustable.

The invention relates to a method for ultra-quickly preparing a high-performance ZrNiSn bulk thermoelectric material through one step. The method is characterized by comprising the steps that a chemical reaction of Zr powder, Ni powder and Sn powder is triggered by adopting argon tungsten-arc welding and the like by taking the Zr powder, the Ni powder and the Sn powder as initial raw materials under protection of an argon atmosphere, in-situ quick pressurizing is conducted within seconds, and then the high-performance ZrNiSn bulk thermoelectric material is obtained. The method has the advantages of being high in reaction speed, simple in technology, efficient, capable of saving energy and the like; the whole process is completed within 5 min, the thermoelectric performance of the obtained product is excellent, the thermoelectric merit figure can reach 0.64 at 900 K, and an important foundation is laid for large-scale industrialized application of the product.