31 results about "Inorganic crystals" patented technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of protective coatings, and provides a protective coating as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The organic-functional material layer is introduced between the induction layer and the mineralization layer. On one hand, the functional material is embedded into the induction layer through chemical bonding and interface action, the specific surface area of the surface is increased, more active sites are provided for growth of inorganic crystals in the mineralization layer, then the compactness of the mineralization layer is improved, and the mechanical performance of the protective coating is enhanced. On the other hand, when the functional material is a two-dimensional lamellar material, a compact barrier layer is constructed to isolate permeation of corrosive ions such as Cl <-> and SO4 < 2->, so that the chloride ion diffusion resistance coefficient is reduced, the corrosion induction period of the matrix is prolonged, and the corrosion resistance of the protective coating is improved; in addition, the functional material can endow the protective coating with functionality by grafting and loading a functional reagent, and particularly, the long-term effect of the anti-corrosion function of the protective coating can be improved by grafting and loading an anti-corrosion component on the functional material.

The invention relates to the technical field of functional polymer materials, in particular to an inorganic crystal carbonization alleviator as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The inorganic crystal carbonization alleviator is prepared from raw materials including a solid component and a liquid medium, wherein the mass ratio of the liquid medium to the solid component is (1: 0.5)-(1: 3); the solid component comprises a component containing calcium carbonate and / or calcium silicate and a component containing silicon dioxide, and the mass ratio of the component containing calcium carbonate and / or calcium silicate to the component containing silicon dioxide is (50-80): (20-50). According to the inorganic crystal carbonization alleviator, the calcium silicate mineral is prepared from the calcium carbonate-containing and / or calcium silicate-containing material and the silicon dioxide-containing material, the carbonization resistance of the material is remarkably improved, and the inorganic crystal carbonization alleviator has the advantages of being wide in raw material source and low in cost and can improve and enhance the carbonization resistance when being applied to Portland cement and hypersulfate cement systems.

A ceramic structure according to an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention comprises a substrate, a wiring conductor, and an intermediate body. The substrate contains silicon carbide as a main component. The wiring conductor is positioned on the substrate so as to sandwich a region in which the wiring conductor and the substrate are electrically isolated from each other. The intermediate body is positioned in at least a portion of the region in which the substrate and the wiring conductor are electrically isolated, has a volume resistivity that is higher than the volume resistivity of the substrate and the volume resistivity of the wiring conductor, and contains inorganic crystal particles as a main component.

One aspect of the present disclosure provides composite particles comprising: a plurality of coated particles that contain an inorganic crystal and a reduced graphene oxide and have a coating layer provided on the surface of the inorganic crystal; and a sheet containing a reduced graphene oxide, wherein the sheet includes secondary particles in which the plurality of coated particles are aggregated.

The invention provides an epoxy modified cement-based material, the epoxy modified cement-based material comprises an organic phase structure and inorganic crystals, and the inorganic crystals are radially distributed on the surface of the organic phase structure; the organic phase structure is a spherical or sphere-like structure with the diameter of 3-15 microns; the inorganic crystal is of a needle-shaped, rod-shaped or sheet-shaped structure with the length being 0.3-3 microns and the diameter being 0.05-0.5 microns. The epoxy modified cement-based material disclosed by the invention shows good adhesion and dispersion resistance under water or in a humid environment, can realize rapid underwater construction, and keeps stable performance for a long time under harsh conditions such as a marine environment and a humid environment; the engineering requirements of multiple fields such as building structure repairing, underwater repairing, rapid first-aid repair, ocean protection and road and bridge engineering are met, and the integration of high strength, high toughness, strong interface bonding and long-acting durability is realized.

The invention belongs to the technical field of photoelectric devices, and particularly relates to a metal halide single crystal array and a preparation method and application thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps that 1, an aluminum oxide substrate is cleaned and dried, and then fluorosilane is adopted for hydrophobic modification to obtain a hydrophobic substrate; (2) placing the metal mask plate on a hydrophobic substrate, and performing oxygen plasma treatment to obtain an aluminum oxide substrate with a hydrophilic and hydrophobic array; (3) removing the metal mask plate, dropwise adding an inorganic metal halide solution onto the aluminum oxide substrate with the hydrophilic and hydrophobic array, and performing blade coating by adopting a PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane) template, so that the solution is uniformly dispersed; and (4) standing the substrate treated in the step (3) in a closed environment at 25-30 DEG C until the solvent is volatilized and removed, thereby obtaining the metal halide single crystal array. The lattice parameters of the metal halide inorganic crystals are matched with those of the substrate through the aluminum oxide substrate, so that the in-plane pure orientation of the metal halide inorganic single crystal array is realized.

The application relates to a Ca3(PO4)2 crystal reinforced zwitterionic hydrogel membrane and a preparation method and application thereof, the application uses PVDF as a base film, the material is low in price, good in mechanical performance, friendly to the environment and good in recycling performance. Through a polyphenol-metal dual autocatalysis method, a layer of zwitterionic hydrogel is simply and efficiently grafted on the surface of the PVDF film without heating and ultraviolet irradiation. Through a mineralization technology, the zwitterionic hydrogel membrane reinforced by inorganic crystals is used for constructing an inorganic crystal reinforced zwitterionic hydrogel membrane, preparing an oil-water separation membrane which is resistant to pollution, good in mechanical performance and long-term stable and cyclic. The inorganic crystal reinforced zwitterionic hydrogel membrane has the advantages of strong hydration performance and high mechanical stability, has a high separation efficiency on oil-in-water emulsion, shows obvious anti-pollution performance and good cyclic stability. The preparation method is simple, convenient to operate, low in energy consumption, easy to handle and free of secondary pollution, meets the green chemistry concept and has a good application prospect in the field of oil-water separation.

To reduce variations in a coercive force (Hcj) caused by positions of a laminated magnet.SOLUTION: A laminated magnet 10 includes a plurality of plate magnets 11 laminated via an insulation bonding layer 13 containing inorganic crystals. Heavy rare earth elements do not exist in the central part 20C of a particle 20 existing 200 μm from a surface S of each of the plate magnets 11 and exist in the range of 10 nm of a surface layer 20A of the particle 20. In a laminated magnet cross section, when a line analysis is performed at 0.1 μm intervals on a straight line L2 extending in a lamination direction, peaks of the heavy rare earth elements appear so as to repeat changes in concentration of the heavy rare earth elements.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

To provide a filament excellent in filament feeding property to a 3D printing device and melt-laminating property, and a wound body.SOLUTION: A filament according to the present disclosure is a filament for use in three dimensional modeling by fused deposition modeling, the filament including a semi-aromatic polyamide resin (a- 1) and a crystalline aliphatic polyamide resin (a- 2) in a total proportion of at least 70 mass% of the filament, the difference between the semi-crystallization time of the (A-1) semi-aromatic polyamide resin and the semi-crystallization time of the (a- 2) crystalline aliphatic polyamide resin is 1 to 500 seconds (wherein the semi-crystallization time is measured by depolarization photometry under the conditions of a sample melting temperature of the melting point of the polyamide resin + 30 °C, a sample melting time of 3 minutes, and a crystallization oil bath temperature of 140 °C). The mass ratio of (A-1) / (A-2) is 95 / 5 to 80 / 20, and the filament further contains (B) an inorganic crystal nucleating agent in a proportion of 0.1 to 10% by mass relative to the filament.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

To ensure desired insulation resistance, reduce an eddy current loss generated inside, and suppress a decrease in degree of orientation.SOLUTION: A laminated magnet 10 includes a plurality of plate magnets 11 laminated via an insulation bonding layer 13 containing inorganic crystals. An average thickness T of each of the plate magnets 11 is 1.5 mm or more and 4.0 mm or less. When, for each of the plate magnets 11, B (mm) represents a thickness of the central part and A (mm) represents a thickness of one end of two ends EG1, EG2, the one end having a thickness with the greater difference from the thickness B, one-third or more of the plate magnets 11 among all plate magnets 11 satisfy the following relational expression (1). 0.95A≤B≤1.05A...Relational expression (1)SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

The invention discloses a series of main group Sb cluster compound crystals containing transition metal Co and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of inorganic crystal materials. The chemical formula of the main group Sb cluster compound crystal containing Co transition metal is [K ([2.2. 2] crypt)] [(CpCo) 5Sb5]. (2THF), [(CpCo) 4Sb4]; [K ([2.2. 2] crypt)] [(CpCo) 4Sb4]. (THF); [K ([2.2. 2] crypt)] [(CpCo) 4Sb2]. (THF); [K ([2.2. 2] crypt)] [(CpCo) 2Sb2P (C6H5) 2]. (0.5 THF); the method of the series of compounds adopts a Zintl phase-driven reduction strategy, namely, one-pot synthesis is carried out within 10 hours at the ambient temperature, the problems of harsh reaction conditions and low yield of a traditional method are solved, and the synthesis efficiency and the operation convenience are remarkably improved. According to the Wade-Mingos rule, the compound 4-[K ([2.2. 2] crypt)] [(CpCo) 4Sb2]. (THF) is a closed cluster compound containing 14 skeleton electrons, and represents a brand new structural element. The synthesis method not only expands the range of a main group cluster structure, but also opens up a new direction for exploration of a novel inorganic skeleton structure.

A furnace system includes a heater contained in a heating chamber. A green tape is configured to contact a contact material while it is in the heating chamber. In aspects, the contact material includes iridium, osmium, rhenium, or an alloy thereof. Alternatively, the contact material is a lithium metal oxide where the metal is scandium or yttrium. In aspects, the contact material has a melting temperature of 1500°C or more, a gas phase oxygen concentration of 10-10 atmospheres or more, and a gas phase lithium concentration of 10-5 atmospheres or less. Methods include firing a green tape containing inorganic crystals by heating the green tape while in contact with the contact material. A sintered article includes a body having grains of inorganic material sintered to one another, where a concentration of iridium, osmium, rhenium on a first major surface is greater than or equal to 1 part-per-trillion.

This application discloses a CaY2Co2Ge3O 12 The flux-driven growth method for single crystals belongs to the field of inorganic crystal material growth technology. This method includes: first, preparing high-purity CaY2Co2Ge3O through repeated solid-state sintering. 12 A polycrystalline precursor is prepared; the polycrystalline precursor is then uniformly mixed with a composite flux consisting of PbO and GeO2 in a molar ratio of 1.5~2.5:3.5~2.5; the mixture is then placed in an inert crucible and subjected to a temperature program: the temperature is raised to 1250~1350℃ and held for 12~36 hours, followed by a slow cooling to 700~900℃ at a rate of 1~5℃ / h, and finally cooled and the flux is separated to obtain CaY2Co2Ge3O 12 This invention marks the first successful controllable preparation of complete, high-quality single crystals of this composition. The process is stable and highly reproducible, providing a key material basis for studying its intrinsic physical properties.

In methods for producing anilines by reducing aromatic nitro compounds, which are unreducible substances, H2 and petroleum-derived alcohols were used as reducing agents, but there were issues from the perspective of safety and environmental impact. [Solution] The present invention provides a method for reducing aromatic nitro compounds, which is characterized by high safety and low environmental impact because it uses polysaccharides such as cellulose or polyols and an aqueous solvent in the presence of a gold-supported catalyst obtained by immobilizing gold nanoparticles on the surface of an inorganic crystalline support.

The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste resourceful treatment, and discloses a wastewater sludge carbonization molding composite fuel and a preparation method thereof, the wastewater sludge carbonization molding composite fuel is prepared from municipal dewatered sludge, biomass powder, an iron-containing acidic waste liquid, waste oil and a calcium-based exothermic agent, a dual support structure formed by an acid etching biomass carbonization framework and an in-situ generated inorganic crystal is arranged in the acid etching biomass carbonization framework. The preparation method of the wastewater sludge carbonization molding composite fuel comprises the steps of sludge and biomass premixing and grinding, acid etching and carbonization, grease coating, exothermic curing and high-pressure filter pressing molding. Wherein a heat energy cascade backflow process is adopted, and high-temperature slurry generated in the heat release curing stage is used for backflow to provide a heat source for the acid etching carbonization stage. Through chemical reaction heat and in-situ skeleton construction, deep dehydration without an external heat source is realized, the mechanical strength, hydrophobic property and calorific value stability of the fuel are improved, and the operation energy consumption is reduced.

To reduce an eddy current loss generated inside while suppressing a decrease in degree of orientation (decrease in residual magnetic flux density Br).SOLUTION: A laminated magnet 10 includes a plurality of plate magnets 11 laminated via an insulation bonding layer 13 containing inorganic crystals 14. Two plate magnets 11, 11 adjacent each other are set in a mutual non-contact state by being divided by the insulation bonding layer 13. Each of the plate magnets 11 contains a rare earth element. A difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of a thickness T of the insulation bonding layer 13 is 10 μm or less.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 8

To achieve high durability in vibration and impact testing while suppressing a decrease in degree of orientation (decrease in residual magnetic flux density Br).SOLUTION: A laminated magnet 10 includes a plurality of plate magnets 11 laminated via an insulation bonding layer 13 containing inorganic crystals. Two plate magnets 11 adjacent each other are set in a mutual non-contact state by being divided by the insulation bonding layer 13. When a laminated magnet cross section of the laminated magnet 10 is observed, either of insulation bonding layers 13A, 13B, in the insulation bonding layers 13, at a position closest to one end side or at a position closest to the other end side of the laminated magnet 10 in a lamination direction has an area ratio P (%) occupied by pores 16 of 4% or less. When the laminated magnet cross-section is observed and the parallelism that is an angle θ between a first straight line LA connecting both ends E1, E2 of a surface on the one end side in the lamination direction and a second straight line LB connecting both ends E3, E4 of a surface on the other end side is determined for each of the plurality of plate magnets 11, one-third or more of the plurality of laminated magnets 11 have the parallelism of 3° or less.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

The invention belongs to the field of inorganic crystal materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application of an Rb2CuBr3 single crystal and a wafer. According to the preparation method of the Rb2CuBr3 single crystal, the raw material ratio and the solvent dosage are optimized, and a cooling method induced by a same-component seed crystal is adopted for growth, so that ions seamlessly and epitaxially grow along a seed crystal structure, polycrystals or defects are avoided, solute is more easily and directionally deposited on the surface of the seed crystal, and the crystal quality is improved. The Rb2CuBr3 wafer with the inch-level size is prepared by further combining with a hot pressing process, the nano / micron-level limitation of a traditional process is broken through, size rising from a rod-shaped single crystal to a large-area wafer is achieved, and the crystal growth efficiency and size uniformity are remarkably improved. The photoelectric property of the Rb2CuBr3 wafer is remarkably improved, the luminous quantum yield reaches 96.84%, the exciton lifetime is 69.01 microseconds, the ultraviolet responsivity reaches 177.4 mA / W, the specific detection rate is improved to 1.9 * 10 < 13 > Jones, the large-area application requirement of a high-sensitivity detection device is met, and the application of the Rb2CuBr3 wafer in the fields of ultraviolet photoelectric detection and X-ray detection is expanded.

This invention relates to the field of lightweight building materials technology, specifically to a hydrophilic polymer crosslinked composite permeable concrete and its preparation method. This invention overcomes the problem in existing technologies where composite concrete cannot simultaneously achieve both mechanical properties and lightweight permeability. The invention prepares a two-stage lightweight skeleton by ultrasonically etching and microporousizing waste ceramic particles with sodium hydroxide solution; it uses a solid-liquid composite bisphenol A epoxy resin, which undergoes phase inversion emulsification and silane coupling agent pretreatment to obtain a highly compatible epoxy emulsion; through stepwise feeding and in-situ crosslinking processes, the organic network and inorganic crystals interpenetrate at the aggregate micropore interface. This invention effectively solves the technical problem of traditional concrete's difficulty in simultaneously achieving lightweight, high strength, and high permeability, broadening its application in high-specification lightweight building scenarios such as lightweight permeable pavements and permeable concrete floors.

The present application discloses an inorganic crystal material and its preparation method and application, which belongs to the field of inorganic optical functional crystal materials. The chemical formula of the inorganic crystal material is Nd x Dy y Lu 3‑x‑ y Al3ScGaO 12 ; Among them, 0.002≤x≤0.005, 0.005≤y≤0.05, 0.1≤x / y≤0.5; Nd 3+ 、Dy 3+ Replace Lu in crystals 3+ The lattice sites are distributed on the same lattice site. A preparation method for this inorganic crystal material is also provided, capable of growing single crystals measuring φ30 mm x (50-60) mm. This inorganic crystal material is used to achieve cyan laser output, capable of achieving 496 nm cyan laser output under 448 nm pumping. This inorganic crystal material has excellent optical quality and meets the requirements of high-power all-solid-state lasers.

The present invention provides a rare earth oxide crystal useful as an optical material, a magnetic material, or the like, and a method for producing the same. The rare earth oxide crystal according to one embodiment of the present invention is characterized by containing a rare earth element (RE) and oxygen (O), wherein an inorganic crystal represented by general formula REOx (1.45≤x≤2.05) contains at least a hydrogen atom (H), and the RE is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu.

Provided is a water-borne coating composition capable of forming a metallic coating film having high-design, and further capable of forming a coating film that exhibits good coating film properties. A water-borne coating composition set for forming a multilayer coating film, containing a first base coating composition that forms a first base coating film and a second base coating composition that forms a second base coating film, wherein the first base coating composition contains a first coating film-forming resin, a first curing agent, a first inorganic brightener, and a first hydrophobic association rheology control agent, the first inorganic brightener contains one or more species selected from the group consisting of silica, talc, calcium carbonate, kaolin, barium sulfate, and diatomaceous earth, the second base coating composition contains a second coating film-forming resin, a second curing agent, a second luster material, a second inorganic rheology control agent, a second hydrophobic association rheology control agent, and a second dispersant, and the second inorganic rheology control agent contains a layered material having a stacked structure of a large number of inorganic crystal layers stacked.

To provide defect-controlled fluoride crystals, methods for producing the same, and their applications. [Solution] The fluoride crystal of the present invention contains cesium (Cs), rare earth element RE, and fluorine (F), and has the general formula CsRE2F 7-x The inorganic crystal represented by (where x satisfies 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) contains at least hydrogen (H). The present invention relates to a method for producing fluoride crystals, which involves growing crystals by solvothermal method from a raw material containing a rare earth element RE and a raw material containing a fluorine element (F) in the presence of a mineralizing agent containing at least cesium element (Cs).

The invention relates to the technical field of photoelectric functional materials, in particular to a rare earth luminescent material with chiral nano morphology and a preparation method thereof. The rare earth luminescent material disclosed by the invention is of a micron-scale hexagonal prism structure, and spiral chiral patterns are highlighted on the top surface and the bottom surface of the rare earth luminescent material; the chemical composition of the crystal is a hexagonal phase b-NaYF4: E, wherein E is selected from at least one of Yb < 3 + >, Er < 3 + >, Nd < 3 + > and Eu < 3 + >; according to the invention, the coordination effect of oleate anions and rare earth cations on the microcrystalline surface is adjusted by optimizing the hydrothermal synthesis reaction conditions of oleic acid, so that the microcrystalline luminescent material with the spiral surface appearance is obtained; the preparation method is simple to operate and easy to control, the prepared product is stable, the circular polarization luminescence performance is remarkable, and the preparation method is expected to become an important basis for research and application directions of chiral morphology synthesis of inorganic crystals, circular polarization light three-dimensional imaging, circular polarization optical communication and the like.

The invention discloses a biaxially oriented ultrathin PEEK film and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of polymer films. The invention relates to an ultrathin PEEK (polyether-ether-ketone) film, which is formed by extrusion and two-way stretching, and specifically comprises polyether-ether-ketone, self-crosslinking polyetherimide and modified nanowhiskers, the self-crosslinking polyetherimide is polyetherimide synthesized by a dianhydride monomer, a diamine monomer and a self-crosslinking functional monomer, and the modified nanowhiskers are modified nanowhiskers. The modified nano crystal whiskers are prepared by carrying out surface modification treatment on nano inorganic crystal whiskers through a coupling agent. According to the scheme, the processing performance of the polyether-ether-ketone can be effectively improved, the relationship between the toughness and the strength of the polyether-ether-ketone during oriented crystallization can be balanced, the crystallization performance and the crystallization rate of the polyether-ether-ketone can be adjusted to a certain extent, the stability during two-way stretching can be improved, and the high-strength ultrathin PEEK film can be prepared by using a two-way stretching method.

The invention belongs to the technical field of computational material science, and discloses an inorganic crystal sample library generation method and device, equipment and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a crystal structure prototype data set, wherein the crystal structure data set comprises a plurality of crystal structure prototypes; determining at least one replaceable ion corresponding to the crystal structure prototype according to the crystal structure prototype, and generating at least one inorganic material sample according to each crystal structure prototype and the corresponding replaceable ion; and generating an inorganic crystal sample library according to the inorganic material samples corresponding to the crystal structure prototypes. A structure prototype covers most known crystal structures, and a crystal generation algorithm is constructed in combination with a physical mechanism, so that the possibility of finding new materials of a battery system is greatly improved, and the research and development cost is reduced while the structural novelty is improved; meanwhile, the work can be widely applied to an inorganic crystal battery system, and discovery of novel inorganic materials is further accelerated.

The utility model discloses an interior and exterior wall inorganic elegant crystal gypsum stirring device which comprises a stirring tank, a rotating rod is rotatably connected to the middle of the interior of the stirring tank, a plurality of stirring blades are fixedly connected to the upper portion of the rotating rod, a fixing net penetrates through the lower portion of the middle of the interior of the stirring tank, the fixing net is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the stirring tank, and the stirring blades are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the stirring tank. The bottom end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected with a first stirring cross rod, the top end of the first stirring cross rod is fixedly connected with a vertical connecting rod, the top end of the vertical connecting rod is fixedly connected with a second stirring cross rod, and the second stirring cross rod is fixedly connected with the rotating rod. A rubber scraper is arranged at the bottom end of the stirring tank, so that raw materials adhered to the bottom end of the inner wall of the stirring tank can be conveniently scraped, a telescopic plate and a supporting spring are arranged on the side, close to a connecting arc-shaped plate, of the rubber scraper, and through elastic supporting of the supporting spring, the buffering effect of the rubber scraper can be improved, and the flexibility is improved; and the firm fitting effect is achieved.

Provided is a phosphor having a high emission intensity even if combined with an LED of less than 450 nm, a method for manufacturing the same, and a light-emitting device, image display device, pigment, and an ultraviolet absorber using the same.　The phosphor according to the present invention includes: an inorganic crystal having the same crystal structure as a crystal represented by Ba2Li1Al1Si2O8, the organic crystal including a Li element, an A element, a D element, an E element, and an X element (where A is at least one kind of element selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba, D is at least one kind of element selected from the group consisting of Si, Ge, Sn, Ti, and Zr, E is at least one kind of element selected from the group consisting of B, Al, Ga, In, and Sc, and X is an element including at least O); or an inorganic compound in which an M element (where M is at least one kind of element selected from the group consisting of Mn, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Dy, and Yb) is dissolved in this solid-solution crystal.

The invention belongs to the technical field of thermal insulation mortar, and particularly relates to fire-resistant decoration external wall thermal insulation mortar which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 22-35 parts of aluminate cement; 75 to 95 parts of ordinary Portland cement; 70 to 125 parts of high aluminum aggregate; 75 to 115 parts of quartz sand; 18 to 28 parts of zirconium oxide aerogel; 6 to 9 parts of SiO2 aerogel; and 25-35 parts of ceramic fiber. According to the invention, the aluminate cement and the high-aluminum aggregate have high temperature resistance, so that a stable inorganic crystal skeleton can be formed at high temperature, and structural fusion or collapse is avoided; the zirconium oxide aerogel and the ceramic fiber are high-temperature-resistant light fillers, the porous structure can block heat transfer, and meanwhile, the chemical properties of the zirconium oxide aerogel and the ceramic fiber are stable at a high temperature; the graphene modified layered hydrotalcite absorbs heat through high-temperature decomposition of interlayer crystal water and inhibits temperature rise, the expanded graphite rapidly expands at high temperature to form a compact heat insulation layer, flame and heat permeation are jointly blocked through multiple effects, and excellent fire resistance is achieved.

Systems and methods for producing and using polymer based fixed targets for hydrated, room temperature, high-throughput serial protein crystallography with minimal background and minimal sample consumption are provided. The fixed targets can also be used with non-protein samples such as nanoparticle inorganic crystals. The targets maintain full crystal hydration that allows for on-chip crystallization as well as maintaining long term stability of the sample within the chip. The target chips are optimized to minimize background by controlling the sample thickness in the beam to match crystal size, enabling fast raster scanning at lower fidelity and high hit rates that facilitate dynamic measurements. The targets provide an inexpensive, flexible substrate for on-chip, micro-batch or vapor diffusion crystallization facilitated by polymer brushes for sample concentration and surface initiated crystallization thereby eliminating damaging crystal sample transfer.