The invention relates to a solid-liquid two-phase anaerobic fermentation apparatus and method. The solid-liquid two-phase anaerobic fermentation apparatus comprises a solid-producing acid fermentation reactor, a liquid-producing methane reactor, an acid-producing fermentation liquor collecting tank, a biogas slurry collecting tank, a cyclic heating device, a methane meter, a blender, a sewage pump, a liquid level sensor, a temperature sensor and an automatic control cabinet. The solid-liquid two-phase anaerobic fermentation apparatus and method has the advantages that a liquid-phase fermentation device is small in size, fast in temperature rising, good in insulation and low in energy consumption; the apparatus is small in space occupation, low in investment, and about 20% of the investment can be saved as compared with traditional wet fermentation; the apparatus and method is suitable for recycling use of organic wastes of pig manure, straw, vegetable residues, kitchen wastes, municipal wastes and the like, and the apparatus and method is water saving, free of biogas slurry discharge, free of secondary pollution and the like, and substrate conversion rate and volume biogas production are high.