35 results about "Electron pair" patented technology

The invention discloses a high-uniformity PCB pattern electroplating method based on pulse electroplating, and aims to solve the problem of insufficient copper thickness uniformity caused by residual copper rate difference, unreasonable process edge design, poor accompanying plating plate adaptability and direct current electroplating defects in traditional pattern electroplating. A plating block is arranged on the process edge of a PCB to share current, a special accompanying plating plate matched with the residual copper rate is configured to optimize an electric field, an electroplating solution containing Fe < 2 + > / Fe < 3 + > redox electron pairs and an insoluble titanium mesh anode are adopted, the two-step pulse electroplating process is combined, and the additive ratio and electroplating environment parameters are regulated and controlled, so that uniform deposition of a copper layer is achieved. The method effectively solves the problems that the local copper layer is too thick / too thin, and filling defects exist in the hole, and improves the reliability and signal transmission performance of the PCB coating.

A novel display panel is provided. The display panel includes a first light-emitting device, a second light-emitting device, and a partition wall. The first light-emitting device includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a first layer sandwiched therebetween. The first layer contains a first organic compound and a first metal. The first organic compound includes an unshared electron pair. The first metal belongs to Group 5, Group 7, Group 9, Group 11, or Group 13. The second light-emitting device includes a third electrode, a fourth electrode, and a second layer sandwiched therebetween. The second layer contains the first organic compound and the first metal. A first space is provided between the second layer and the first layer. The partition wall has a first opening and a second opening. The partition wall overlaps with the first space between the first opening and the second opening.

The application provides an electrolyte and a battery comprising the electrolyte, wherein the diazonium salt compound in the electrolyte can be decomposed in advance to generate a large amount of inert gas before a large amount of organic solvent is volatilized to generate gas during a furnace temperature test, and the inert gas is discharged from the pole lug, so that the generated heat is timely released, heat accumulation in the interior is avoided, and heat runaway is avoided; on the other hand, the volatilization of the organic solvent can cause the ion channel in the battery to be closed, so that the side reaction is stopped, the battery can safely pass the furnace temperature test, and the safety of the battery under the condition of heat runaway is significantly improved. Meanwhile, the electron-deficient B element in the diazonium salt compound in the electrolyte has Lewis acidity, can accept an electron pair, can remove HF in the electrolyte, avoids the damage of HF to the interface protection film, and further improves the high-temperature storage performance of the battery.

This invention discloses a photoelectrocatalyst and its preparation method, wherein the photoelectrocatalyst comprises Zn 2+ Ce 4+ Au; Zn 2+ Including ammonium acetate, zinc nitrate, and hexamethylenetetramine; Ce 4+ Including cerium nitrate, ammonium chloride, and potassium chloride; Au includes PVP, sodium citrate, potassium bromide, and chloroauric acid; Zn 2+ Ce 4+ The molar ratio of Au to Zn is... 2+ Ce 4+ Au = 1:0.5 ~ 1:2.5 * 10 ‑7 ~7.5*10 ‑7 This method uses electrodeposition to prepare ZnO as a substrate. Its vertically aligned one-dimensional (1D) nanostructures exhibit quantum size-dependent effects, effectively shortening the carrier diffusion distance. CeO2 coats the ZnO, forming a stable, acid- and alkali-resistant substrate material. CeO2 traps electrons from Ce... 4+ Restored to Ce 3+ This forms oxygen voids and Ce 3+ / Ce 4+ Electron pairs produce high catalytic activity.

The present invention provides a novel compound and an organic light-emitting device comprising the same, in which a rigid fluorene-based substituent is introduced into 1,10-phenanthroline having a non-shared electron pair. When the compound is applied to one or more organic layers of an electron transport layer (ETL), a hole blocking layer (HBL), and an N-type charge generation layer (N-CGL), the compound enables the implementation of low voltage, high efficiency, and long life of an organic light-emitting device.

The invention belongs to the technical field of perovskite. The invention provides a functional layer for improving the stability of a perovskite thin film and a preparation method and application thereof. The functional layer comprises a novel covalent organic framework material (COFs material). The structures of the COFs materials can form fine micro / nano-scale pore diameters, and the COFs materials not only have high surface area, but also have stable non-polar vinyl bonds. In the COFs material, an azine unit of a lone electron pair is completely exposed to provide a strong hydrogen bond accepting site in a one-dimensional channel, so that the COFs material has excellent water absorption performance. The functional layer containing the COFs material can significantly reduce the erosion of water vapor to the perovskite film, and the stability of the perovskite device is greatly improved.

The invention relates to a method for preparing an electron transport layer in a perovskite battery through magnetron sputtering and the perovskite battery, the magnetron sputtering is carried out by adopting the method provided by the invention, secondary electrons generated by target materials serving as cathodes are interacted by an electric field and a magnetic field, and then are effectively controlled in a space defined by at least two target materials, so that the electron transport layer in the perovskite battery is prepared. Columnar plasmas are formed, the collision ionization probability between electrons and reaction gas is further increased, the ionization degree of the reaction gas is effectively improved, and the deposition rate of the electron transport layer on the surface of the perovskite layer is increased. Besides, the plasma formed by the secondary electrons is bound in the space enclosed by the at least two target materials, so that the bombardment effect of the electrons with relatively high kinetic energy on the substrate can be avoided, the damage to the substrate is further effectively reduced, meanwhile, the temperature rise of the perovskite layer in the magnetron sputtering process is also inhibited, and the cycling stability of the perovskite battery is ensured.

The invention discloses a method and device for inhibiting a negative hydrogen ion source from leading out electrons and maintaining uniformity, and relates to the technical field of magnetic confinement fusion, and the method comprises the steps: building a discharge chamber of a radio frequency dual-drive ion source comprising a drive source region, a diffusion region and a grounding shielding cover, and enabling the drive source region to be in sealed connection with the diffusion region, a back plate is made of stainless steel, the side wall is a quartz cylinder wound with a radio frequency copper wire coil, and a partition plate or a grid mesh is arranged near an outlet of the driving source area; discharging gas is introduced into the cavity, power is applied to the coil to generate plasma, and electrons are absorbed through the partition plate or the grid mesh to achieve the suppression effect. The method does not need to depend on a filtering magnetic field, E * B-and anti-magnetic drift interference can be avoided, damage of electrons to H-ions is effectively reduced, grid thermal load is reduced, plasma uniformity can be maintained, the density ratio of the electrons to negative hydrogen ions is optimized, and beam quality and transmission efficiency are remarkably improved.

The application discloses a method for preparing activated carbon by treating rectifying still residues with low-temperature plasma, which comprises the following steps: putting dry rectifying still residues into a low-temperature plasma generating device, and introducing working gas; adjusting the discharge power of the low-temperature plasma generating device to carry out discharge treatment, so that the working gas is converted into low-temperature plasma at room temperature, and the rectifying still residues generate activated carbon in the atmosphere of the low-temperature plasma. The method for preparing activated carbon by treating rectifying still residues with low-temperature plasma forms various active particles with oxidation capacity in the treatment process, destroys the covalent bonds of organic matters in the rectifying still residues at room temperature, and the generated ultraviolet photons make the shared electron pairs in the covalent bonds absorb the photons and enter into an excited state, and the absorbed energy of the molecules in the excited state when returning to the ground state makes the covalent bonds break and recombine, and generates covalent bonds with higher binding energy, so that the H, O, P, N and other heteroatoms in the organic matters are removed, and the activated carbon with rich porosity is obtained.

This application discloses an electron beam accelerating tube and an electron beam accelerator, relating to the field of electron beam accelerator technology. The electron beam accelerating tube includes a first cavity and a suppression cavity. A first electromagnetic field is generated within the first cavity, which is used to accelerate the electron beam emitted from the electron gun through the first electromagnetic field, and the first electromagnetic field forms a leakage field. The suppression cavity is disposed between the first cavity and the electron gun, and the suppression cavity establishes a second electromagnetic field within itself through the leakage field. The intensity of the second electromagnetic field is higher than the intensity of the leakage field, and the second electromagnetic field is used to suppress the movement of electrons in the electron beam toward the electron gun. Using the electron beam accelerating tube disclosed in this application can reduce the back-bombardment phenomenon of electrons on the electron gun, improving the performance and lifespan of the electron gun.

The application discloses an energy conversion device and a preparation method thereof and a long-time energy supply device. The energy conversion device comprises a first electrode, a passivation layer, an electron transport layer, a perovskite absorption layer, a hole transport layer and a second electrode which are arranged in a stack. The passivation layer is covered on the surface of the electron transport layer. The passivation layer prevents water and oxygen in the external environment from invading the perovskite absorption layer, reduces material degradation and performance attenuation caused thereby, and thus improves the long-term stability of the nuclear battery. In the use process of the beta nuclear battery, the energy of the excess beta rays can be deposited in the passivation layer. The passivation layer reduces the damage of high-energy electrons to the electron transport layer, and thus further improves the long-term stability of the nuclear battery. The first electrode, the passivation layer, the electron transport layer, the perovskite absorption layer, the hole transport layer and the second electrode are synergistically used, so that the long-term stability and service life of the energy conversion device are improved.

According to the enhanced high-electron-mobility transistor and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention, the P-type delta doping layer with higher doping concentration is arranged in the P-type gate structure, so that an electron barrier is formed in the P-type gate energy band structure, and in the working process of a device, the electron barrier can prevent electrons from flowing in the gate structure, so that electric leakage is reduced, and the reliability of the device is improved. Meanwhile, bombardment of electrons to gate metal is avoided, and gate reliability is improved; meanwhile, the delta doping layer can form hole potential wells in the P-type gate energy band structure one by one, and free flow of holes cannot be greatly influenced, so that the holes are freely injected into the device, and relatively low working on-resistance of the device is ensured; the inserted P-type delta doping layer can reduce the overall resistivity of the P-type gate structure to a certain extent, reduce the input resistance, and facilitate the improvement of the crystal quality of the overall P-type gate structure; and the P-type delta doping process can be compatible with the existing traditional epitaxial process equipment, and the process is simple and easy to implement.

The invention relates to the technical field of perovskite batteries, in particular to a passivation solution for a perovskite film layer interface, a passivation layer, a preparation method of the passivation layer and a battery. The invention provides a passivation solution for a perovskite film interface, the passivation solution comprises a passivator and a solvent, and the passivator comprises a nicotinic acid compound and / or an isonicotinic acid compound. The passivation solution acts on a perovskite film layer interface and can passivate perovskite defects, lone electron pairs of C = O on carboxyl interact with under-coordinated Pb < 2 + >, non-radiative recombination loss can be reduced, defect ion migration is inhibited, meanwhile, the passivation effect is improved through cooperation with different substituted functional groups on pyridine, the quality of a perovskite film layer is improved, and the perovskite film layer is prepared. The ultraviolet light stability of the cell is improved, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is improved.

The invention provides a compound, an organic electroluminescent composition, an organic electroluminescent device and terminal equipment. The compound provided by the invention has a structure as shown in a formula I. The compound has a wide band gap, a high triplet state energy level and an asymmetric highly-twisted spatial configuration, and can improve the film-forming property and hole transport capability of an organic thin film at the same time, thereby improving the uniform distribution of hole-electron pairs in a luminescent layer, and improving the luminous efficiency of the organic thin film. Exciton quenching of the light-emitting layer and an interface between the transmission layer and the light-emitting layer is reduced, so that the light-emitting efficiency of the blue phosphorescent device is improved, and the service life is prolonged.

A reliable light-emitting element with low driving voltage is provided. The light-emitting element includes an electron-injection layer between a cathode and a light-emitting layer. The electron-injection layer is a mixed film of a transition metal and an organic compound having an unshared electron pair. An atom of the transition metal and the organic compound form SOMO.

The application discloses a method for breaking C-O bridge bonds in coal-based platform molecules by microwave-assisted catalytic hydrogenolysis, and adopts active carbon loaded metal as a catalyst to hydrogenolyze coal-based platform molecule compounds under microwave-assisted heating, and adds solid acid in the reaction, so that the method and application for preparing fuel and fine chemicals by catalytic hydrogenolysis of coal-based platform molecule compounds are realized under normal pressure and temperature conditions. In the reaction process, microwave heating has the advantages of fast and uniform heating speed, high energy efficiency, easy operation control and the like, wherein the active carbon carrier can absorb microwaves and rapidly heat up, the existence of the metal can cause high hotspot temperature, and the solid acid can accelerate the reaction speed and control the product selectivity, through the action of giving protons or accepting electron pairs to the reactants, so that active carbon cation intermediate compounds are formed, the breaking of C-O bridge bonds in coal-based platform molecules is promoted, and then the coal-based platform molecules are decomposed into target products. The reaction process is environmentally friendly, raw material utilization rate is high, and has a good industrial application prospect.

The application discloses a preparation method of pyrazoline, which comprises the following steps: (1) mixing a ketone hydrazine raw material with a Lewis acid catalyst, and heating to perform a reaction to obtain a reaction mixture; and (2) cooling and filtering the reaction mixture, and purifying to obtain a pyrazoline product. In the application, the Lewis acid catalyst acts as an electron pair acceptor, coordinates with a nitrogen atom or an oxygen atom in the ketone hydrazine, and activates the ketone hydrazine molecule; the activated ketone hydrazine molecule is more prone to intramolecular cyclization reaction, and forms a pyrazoline ring; the Lewis acid does not provide a proton, and thus the hydrolysis of the ketone hydrazine and side reactions caused by a protonic acid catalyst are avoided, and the selectivity and yield of the product are improved; in addition, the Lewis acid catalyst can be filtered and recycled for reuse, meets the principle of green chemistry, and reduces environmental pollution and resource waste; and the preparation method has low requirements on reaction conditions, is simple to operate, and is suitable for industrial production.

Disclosed is a simulation device for electron-excited atmospheric radiation. An electron gun cavity is connected with a front end of a gas cavity. An electron gun is used for emitting electrons and injecting the electrons into the gas cavity. The electrons collide with gas molecules in the gas cavity to ionize and excite the gas molecules. According to the miniaturized simulation device for electron-excited atmospheric radiation, the device can realize an ionization excitation experiment of high-energy electrons on neutral gas and generate a series of optical radiation phenomena in special scenes. In addition, with the aid of optical observation equipment, optical radiation signals of ionized neutral gas can be obtained, so that radiation laws under different incident electron energies, different radiation intensities and different atmospheric components can be further obtained.

The application discloses a kind of photocatalytic material for removing eutrophication water body algae and its preparation method and application, in the present application, anhydrous ethanol containing polytetrafluoroethylene is used to adhere powdered Ag3VO4 / WO3 catalyst on graphite felt, realizing the recovery of catalyst and avoiding secondary pollution, and when reused, the removal rate of algal cells by the photocatalytic material is still close to 90%. In addition, heterojunction can be formed between WO3 and Ag3VO4 in the photocatalytic material, effectively inhibiting the recombination of photo-generated hole-electron pairs, thereby improving the photocatalytic activity of the photocatalytic material.

The invention provides a crystalline-state supramolecular polymer based on snap ring aromatic hydrocarbon charge transfer and application of the crystalline-state supramolecular polymer. The polymer is formed by self-assembly of electron-rich snap ring aromatic hydrocarbon (CLP) and electron-deficient 7, 7, 8, 8-tetracyano p-benzoquinone dimethane (TCNQ) through host-guest charge transfer (CT). The crystalline supramolecular polymer constructed by CT can be used as a good photothermal conversion material. Due to the strong pi-pi accumulation effect between the CLP and the TCNQ, the crystalline supramolecular polymer is converted from radiative transition to non-radiative transition under illumination, so that the crystalline supramolecular polymer has the photothermal conversion performance. The temperature is raised to 110.4 DEG C under simulated sunlight (0.35 W / cm) and is raised to 160.4 DEG C under 808 nm laser (0.70 W / cm), and the cycling stability is excellent. According to the invention, the problem of limited selection of existing charge transfer eutectic electron pairs is solved, and a novel material basis is provided for solar energy capture and heat energy conversion.

This invention belongs to the field of nanocomposite material preparation and application technology, and discloses a method for preparing and applying a dendritic ternary SrCO3-TiO2 / CdS composite material. First, SrCO3-TiO2 nanoparticles are synthesized using a simple hydrothermal one-pot method with tetrabutyl titanate and Sr(NO3)2 as raw materials. These nanoparticles are then dispersed in deionized water to form a suspension. Finally, a dendritic ternary SrCO3-TiO2 / CdS composite material is prepared using an in-situ hydrothermal growth method. The dendritic ternary SrCO3-TiO2 / CdS composite material prepared by this invention can be used to produce hydrogen peroxide under visible light and simultaneously degrade oxytetracycline. The dendritic ternary SrCO3-TiO2 / CdS composite material prepared by this invention forms a unique dendritic structure by combining SrCO3-TiO2 composite particles with CdS. By utilizing the synergistic effect among the three, the transport and separation of photogenerated electron pairs at the interface are accelerated, and their recombination is effectively inhibited, thereby improving the catalytic activity of the dendritic ternary SrCO3-TiO2 / CdS composite material. It has broad application prospects in the synthesis of green chemicals and water pollution treatment.

This invention discloses a secondary electron trap for electron beam evaporation, comprising a permanent magnet, a magnetically conductive block, a side magnetically conductive plate, a cooling plate, a fixed bracket, and an anti-fouling plate. The permanent magnet has opposing magnetic poles at both ends, each connected to a magnetically conductive block. The magnetically conductive block is connected to the side magnetically conductive plate located below it. The side magnetically conductive plate has an inclined guide edge, and the cooling plate is connected to this inclined guide edge. The anti-fouling plate is located on the side of the cooling plate facing the secondary electron's movement path, serving as a preferential impact interface for the secondary electrons. The fixed bracket is connected to the lower part of the side magnetically conductive plate and is made of a non-magnetic material. The movement of secondary electrons is actively controlled by a magnetic field, achieving a shift from passive blocking to active trapping. The cooling plate and anti-fouling plate effectively dissipate the energy of the secondary electrons, reducing the thermal impact. This reduces the impact of secondary electrons on the substrate area and the cavity environment, improving film quality.

A novel display panel is provided. The display panel includes a first light-emitting device, a second light-emitting device, and a partition wall. The first light-emitting device includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a first layer sandwiched therebetween. The first layer contains a first organic compound and a first metal. The first organic compound includes an unshared electron pair. The first metal belongs to Group 5, Group 7, Group 9, Group 11, or Group 13. The second light-emitting device includes a third electrode, a fourth electrode, and a second layer sandwiched therebetween. The second layer contains the first organic compound and the first metal. A first space is provided between the second layer and the first layer. The partition wall has a first opening and a second opening. The partition wall overlaps with the first space between the first opening and the second opening.

According to the p-GaN HEMT device and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention, the insertion layer with a specific energy band structure is introduced between the p-GaN cap layer and the gate metal layer, so that asymmetric regulation and control of electron and hole transport are realized. Specifically, the conduction band bottom energy of the insertion layer is higher than the conduction band bottom energy of the p-GaN cap layer, and the valence band top energy of the insertion layer is higher than the valence band top energy of the p-GaN cap layer, so that the electron barrier is remarkably improved by the energy band design, and the injection of electrons from the p-GaN cap layer to the gate metal layer interface is effectively inhibited, thereby avoiding the continuous bombardment of channel electrons to the gate interface, and improving the performance of the device. And the threshold voltage stability and the gate reliability of the device are obviously improved. Meanwhile, the lower hole potential barrier ensures that holes can be effectively injected into the p-GaN cap layer, the hole shortage problem of the device under the high-voltage or large-current working condition is relieved, and the current collapse and the dynamic on-resistance are reduced.

The invention relates to the technical field of organic synthesis, and particularly discloses a pyrazoline preparation method, which comprises: (1) mixing a ketazine raw material, a weak acid stabilizer and an acid catalyst, and heating to carry out a reaction to obtain a reaction mixture; and (2) cooling the reaction mixture, quenching, washing with water, distilling and purifying to obtain the pyrazoline product. According to the invention, the acid catalyst is used as an electron pair acceptor and is coordinated with nitrogen atoms in ketazine to activate ketazine molecules; the activated ketazine molecules are more easily subjected to intramolecular cyclization reaction to generate pyrazoline; due to the existence of the weak acid stabilizer, the active amino group of pyrazoline is protected, and the Michael addition reaction of pyrazoline and ketazine is inhibited; the preparation method has low requirements on reaction conditions, is simple and convenient to operate, is suitable for industrial production, effectively improves the selectivity and yield of pyrazoline products, and provides a new way for efficient preparation of pyrazoline.

This invention belongs to the field of optoelectronic material preparation and application, and discloses a class of bifunctional phosphonic acid self-assembled molecules, their preparation and application. The self-assembled molecule has a structure as shown in one of general formulas A-1 to A-4, wherein the R1 and R2 groups are independently selected from groups containing lone pairs of electrons. This invention modifies the molecular structure by introducing groups R1 and R2 (e.g., benzaldehyde, methyl sulfone, benzyl oxy) containing lone pairs of electrons to form new self-assembled molecules while retaining the phosphonic acid groups. The resulting phosphonic acid self-assembled molecules possess both hole carrier transport function and perovskite interface defect passivation function, exhibiting bifunctionality.

To suppress an influence of a secondary electron on a beam trajectory while detecting a beam current by using an aperture substrate.SOLUTION: An electron beam drawing apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention includes: a discharge part that discharges an electron beam; an aperture substrate in which an opening through which the electron beam passes is formed and that shields a part of the electron beam; a deflector that deflects the electron beam that has passed through the opening of the aperture substrate and irradiates a drawing target substrate with the electron beam to draw a pattern; a wiring that is connected to the aperture substrate and through which a current based on the electron beam shielded by the aperture substrate flows; a current detector that is connected to the wiring and detects the current; and a voltage drop element that is connected in series to the wiring that connects the aperture substrate and the current detector and applies a negative potential to the aperture substrate.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Disclosed are an ion sensor member using a carbon nanotube composite material to which a metal-organic framework modified with organic molecules is bound, an ion sensor, and a method for manufacturing an ion sensor. An ion sensor member according to an embodiment may include a composite material in which a metal-organic framework is uniformly bound to the surface of carbon nanotubes. In this case, the metal-organic framework may be modified by functionalizing an organic molecule including at least one unshared electron pair.

The invention relates to the technical field of photosensitive polymer synthesis, in particular to a photosensitive polyurethane elastomer based on a [2 + 2] optical cyclization mechanism and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: reacting p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, a compound M, ammonium acetate and a substance capable of accepting foreign electron pairs in a first polar solvent to obtain a photosensitive monomer PD-DHP; dissolving a polymer, diisocyanate, a chain extender and a catalyst in a second polar solvent, and reacting to obtain an intermediate solution; and adding a photosensitive monomer PD-DHP into the intermediate solution, and reacting to obtain the photosensitive polyurethane elastomer. The photosensitive polyurethane elastomer is based on a chemically crosslinked [2 + 2] optical cyclization reaction mechanism, a cage-shaped three-dimensional structure is photochemically formed by a two-molecule pyridine structure, diffusion of monomers in a polymer can be avoided, and the photosensitive polyurethane elastomer has good film-forming property; and moreover, the crosslinking density of a polymer molecular chain can be enhanced, and the stability of the embossment structure on the surface of the polymer is improved, so that the anti-counterfeiting encryption effect is excellent.

This invention provides a mass spectrometer and gas analysis method for gas analysis that reduce the effects of coherent photons and electrons in gas analysis by mass spectrometry. [Solution] The gas analysis mass spectrometer (10) comprises a mass spectrometer housing (12) that is evacuated by a vacuum pump; an ion source (16) that ionizes gas atoms or gas molecules introduced into the mass spectrometer housing (12) and accelerates the ions in the mass spectrometer housing (12); an ion trap (22) made of a conductive material that collects the ions generated by the ion source (16); an electrical measuring device (24) that measures the potential or current of the ion trap (22) and is connected to the ion trap (22) and estimates the ions collected by the ion trap (22) from the measured potential or current; and a magnetic or electromagnetic deflection device configured to deflect or map ions of a specific mass-to-charge ratio toward the ion trap (22). An electron barrier (30) made of a conductive material having a lower potential than the ion trap (22) is placed in the ion trap (22) and is configured to form a counter-electric field for returning electrons emitted from the ion trap (22) back to the ion trap (22).