The invention provides a preparation method of bio-based
tromethamine, which comprises the following steps: S1, taking bio-based 1, 3-dihydroxy
acetone,
hydrogen peroxide and an
ammonia source as raw materials, and carrying out oxidation
nitration reaction under the action of a catalyst to obtain 1, 3-dihydroxy
nitropropane; and S2, adding a hydroxymethylation
reagent into the 1, 3-dihydroxy
nitropropane, carrying out
condensation reaction under an alkaline condition, and carrying out hydrogenation reduction to obtain the bio-based
tromethamine. According to the invention, a sustainable synthesis
route based on bio-based raw materials is developed, renewable 1, 3-dihydroxy
acetone which can be prepared through microbial
fermentation is taken as a starting point, and the bio-based
tromethamine is efficiently prepared through an optimized three-
step method of oxidation
nitration, condensation and reduction. According to the
route, the reaction efficiency and selectivity are remarkably improved, the
raw material cost and the process environment influence are effectively reduced, and a
solid foundation is laid for green and
economic production of bio-based tromethamine.