The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen storage materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a metal oxide composite magnesium hydride hydrogen storage material. Themethod comprises the steps that magnesium hydride serves as a base material, metal oxide particles are mixed, the mass percentage content of metal oxide in the mixture is 1%-8%, and the mixture is subjected to hydrogen filling ball milling in a ball mill to obtain the metal oxide composite magnesium hydride hydrogen storage material. By adding the nanoscale metal oxide particles, the hydrogenation speed of the magnesium-based composite powder in the hydrogen charging ball milling process can be increased, and reduction of the particle size of magnesium hydride is facilitated; the nanocrystalline MgH2 is coated with the metal oxide to form a core-shell structure with an excellent synergistic effect, the core-shell structure has a good catalytic effect and remarkable dynamic performance, the hydrogen storage reaction speed can be improved, microcell heat release can be controlled, agglomeration of a hydrogen storage reactant Mg (OH) 2 can be effectively eliminated through the metal oxide, and the hydrogen storage efficiency is improved. Therefore, the purpose of sufficient hydrolysis reaction is achieved.