46results about How to "Many active groups" patented technology

The invention relates to an inorganic-modified chitosan composite type polymeric flocculant. The inorganic-modified chitosan composite type polymeric flocculant is characterized in that a method for preparing the composite type polymeric flocculant comprises the following steps of: taking polyacrylamide-modified chitosan as a raw material and methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, maleic acid and ceric ammonium nitrate as initiators, synthesizing a modified chitosan copolymer under a faintly acidic condition and blending the modified chitosan copolymer with polymerized ferric chloride and polymerized aluminium chloride to obtain the inorganic-modified chitosan composite type polymeric flocculant. According to the steps, the mass ratio of modified starch to the chitosan is (1-2): 1, the reaction temperature is 50-60 DEG C, the reaction time is 2-3 hours, and the use amount of the initiators accounts for 0.02 part of the total mass of the system. The inorganic-modified chitosan composite type polymeric flocculant prepared by using the method has the characteristics of high efficiency, low cost and low secondary pollution to environment; and aiming at different sludges, compared with a conventional flocculant, the inorganic-modified chitosan composite type polymeric flocculant disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the wastewater decoloring rate and the wastewater deturbidity rate can reach more than 99 percent under the condition of low use amount.

The invention relates to a soilless culture medium and particularly relates to a soilless culture medium for vegetables. A preparation method of the soilless culture medium is characterized by comprising the following steps: uniformly mixing solid materials to obtain a solid medium; spraying a nutrient solution to the solid medium and uniformly mixing to obtain materials, placing the materials at 15-30 DEG C for 13-15 days, and naturally fermenting to obtain the soilless culture medium, wherein the solid materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of thoroughly decomposed furfural residues, 2-3 parts of thoroughly decomposed corn stalks, 0.5-1 part of perlite, 1-2 parts of vermiculite, 2-3 parts of furnace clinker, and a ratio of the nutrition solution to the substrate is (1-2) to 50. According to the soilless culture medium of the vegetables disclosed by the invention, the raw materials and the method are unique, the yield of the vegetables can be increased, the amount of pesticides can be reduced, the resource cyclic utilization is realized, and the production cost is lowered.

The invention relates to a method of extracting biochemical fulvic acid from papermaking black liquid through biological fermentation. The method includes the steps that papermaking black liquid is fermented through microorganism, lignin, hemicellulose and other macromolecular substances in the papermaking black liquid are biologically degraded, the macromolecular substances are decomposed into micromolecular active substances, the content of active groups is increased, and biological activity is improved. Compared with papermaking black liquid which is not subjected to biological fermentation, the extraction rate of biochemical fulvic acid is increased by 10-25%. The problem of treating wastewater of a paper mill is solved, capital for treating the wastewater is saved for a papermaking enterprise, production cost is reduced, and the environment is protected. The papermaking black liquid is used in a resource mode for producing high-quality biochemical fulvic acid which has a good stimulating effect on plants, and the method plays an important role in guiding agricultural production and has wide application prospects.

The invention discloses a preparation method of water-soluble rare earth luminous nanocrystallines with functionalized surfaces, and belongs to the technical field of preparation of inorganic nanomaterials. The preparation method includes utilizing a pot of water to realize thermal reaction; and modifying water-soluble biopolymers to surfaces of rare earth particles during forming of crystal nucleus of rare earth materials so as to obtain water-soluble rare earth nanomaterials. The preparation method is low-cost, easy and convenient, environment-friendly and universal and is applicable to direct surface functionalization of rare earth inorganic materials in different shapes and different particle sizes. The rare earth nanocrystallines prepared by the method are uniform in size, high in crystallinity and fluorescence intensity and good in dispersibility, can be stably preserved in water for five months at least, have rich active groups on the surfaces and have good biocompatibility and a good coupling property, and accordingly are significant in applications of biofluorescence imaging, medical diagnosis and the like.

The invention discloses a making method of new-typed natural organic macromolecular flocculant, which comprises the following steps: adopting corn starch as main raw material and cerium sulfate as initiator; using the copolymer of ammonium chloride and acetic anhydride with weight rate at 2: 1-1: 2 as cation monomer modifier to react under 10-45 deg.c for 20-50min; setting the weight rate of corn starch and cation monomer at 10:1-1:1; setting the starch alkalizing temperature at 35-55 deg.c for 50-60 min; making the grafting modifying temperature at 30-60 deg.c for 60-120min.

The invention provides a construction method for a natural bipolar biomass gel artificial muscle device. Theconstruction method is characterized by comprising the following three steps of: firstly, carrying out biological crosslinking reaction on natural a high-molecular polymer sodium alginate and carboxylated chitosan to obtain a biomass gel electricactive film with excellent biocompatibility and bipolar electric actuation behavior; secondly, by utilizing a hydrogen bond synergistic effect between sodium alginate and MXene surface functional groups, preparing a non-metal electrode membrane solution through direct water-bath blending, wherein the non-metal electrode membrane solution is high in conductivity, resistant to bending, safe and non-toxic after being formed into a membrane; and finally, sequentially and alternately laminating and constructing the electricactive film and the electrode film solution to form an artificial muscle device with a multi-layer hamburger-like structure, wherein an internal interface synthesis layer of the artificial muscle device is good in adhesion; the response deformation degree, the reversible actuation property and the movement range are increased; and very excellent electric-chemical-mechanical properties are shown. The construction method has the advantages of being scientific, reasonable, easy and convenient to operate, environmentally friendly, high in applicability and good in effect.

Provided are hydrogel microspheres for adsorbing heavy metal arsenic and a preparation method thereof. The hydrogel microspheres comprise the composition by the mass percentage: 2-10% of sodium alginate, 1-12% of an attapulgite monomer, and the balance water. The preparation method comprises the steps: (a) adding sodium alginate to deionized water or a theophylline aqueous solution, and mechanically stirring at room temperature, to form a sodium alginate solution; (b) adding the attapulgite monomer to deionized water or a theophylline aqueous solution, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion, and then removing a solid precipitate in a dispersion body by centrifugation, to obtain an attapulgite monomer suspension solution; (c) mixing the sodium alginate solution and the attapulgite monomer suspension solution according to the ratio of 1:9-10:1 and stirring evenly, to prepare an attapulgite-sodium alginate mixed solution; and (d) dropwise adding the attapulgite-sodium alginate mixed solutioninto a divalent metal ion crosslinking agent, to obtain ionic crosslinked gel particles, rinsing the ionic crosslinking gel particles by distilled water, and carrying out vacuum drying to obtain an attapulgite-sodium alginate modified polymer, namely the hydrogel microspheres.

The invention discloses water-soluble oxidized chitosan and a finishing method of the water-soluble oxidized chitosan on a fabric. The water-soluble oxidized chitosan is prepared by the following steps: dissolving chitosan in a 1-carboxymethyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate aqueous solution, oxidizing C2 and C3 sites of the chitosan by sodium periodate under microwave radiation to generate aldehyde groups, and then oxidizing primary hydroxyl at C6 site of the dialdehyde chitosan in an ionic liquid by concentrated nitric acid-concentrated phosphoric acid to generate carboxyl. The water-soluble oxidized chitosan can be used for modifying fabrics. Compared with a traditional chemical cross-linking agent modified fabric, the method has the advantages that the grafting efficiency of the oxidized chitosan is high, the enzyme treatment condition is mild, the reaction process is simple, the fabric is crease-resistant, antibacterial, efficient and lasting, the fabric is comfortable to wear, and the requirements of people on lasting functional ecological textiles are met.

A preparation method of an aluminum-oxidized starch complex tanning agent comprises steps of: first mixing starch and water, adding concentrated nitric acid and a catalyst, and stirring for reaction, washing reaction products with ethanol or acetone to obtain the oxidized starch; and evenly mixing the oxidized starch and aluminum ions, oscillating, steaming out excessive water by a rotary evaporimeter, and drying the obtained product. The method of the invention can effectively improve the tanning property of the aluminium tanning agent, maintain original advantages of the aluminum tanning agent and greatly mitigate the phenomenon of detanning. The method of the present invention employs nitrate as an oxidant to oxidize hydroxyl groups to generate oxidized starch with high degree of carboxylic substitution, and utilizes a principle of acid degradation to reduce the relative molecular mass of the oxidized starch, so as to obtain aluminum-containing macromolecular tanning agent with good permeability, high absorption rate and excellent tanning property. The obtained leather tanning agent has good tanning and filling performances, and is suitable for main tanning and retanning; after the main tanning, a pickled skin has a shrinkage temperature raised to 90 DEG C, gains pure white leather body and obvious thickness increase; and after retanning, a product has good elasticity, bright color, gloss, and soft and full handle.

The invention relates to a pre-gelatinized starch-chitosan grafted copolymer flocculating agent and a preparation method thereof. The flocculating agent and the preparation method are characterized in that a modified starch / chitosan copolymer flocculating agent is synthesized under the conditions that pre-gelatinized starch and chitosan are utilized as raw materials, ceric ammonium nitrate is used as an initiator, and the pH (Potential of Hydrogen) is 9, wherein the mass ratio of modified starch to chitosan is (2-5): 1; the reaction temperature is 30 to 60 DEG C; the reaction lasts for 8 hours; and the initiator used accounts for 0.1 to 1% based on the total mass of the system. The pre-gelatinized starch-chitosan grafted copolymer flocculating agent prepared by the method has the characteristics of being high in effect, low in cost, able to remove heavy metal ions, and environment-friendly; and compared with the conventional flocculating agent, the pre-gelatinized starch-chitosan grafted copolymer flocculating agent enables the removal rate of heavy metals in different wastewater to reach 90% with less dose.

The invention discloses a preparation method of an inorganic-organic composite polymer water treatment defluorination flocculant, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of (1) stirring a sodium silicate solution at a constant temperature to obtain a colorless transparent solution, then adding diluted hydrochloric acid for acidification, and stirring to obtain a solution A, (2) dissolving aluminum chloride hexahydrate and ferric chloride hexahydrate in distilled water, adding the solution A while stirring, then adding sodium carbonate, and stirring to obtain a solution B, (3) dissolving modified chitosan, poly dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride and sodium hydrogen sulfite in distilled water, adjusting the pH value with diluted hydrochloric acid, and stirring to obtain a solution C, and (4) adding the solution B into the solution C, and stirring for reaction to prepare the defluorination flocculant solution. When the flocculant disclosed by the invention is used for treating the fluorine-containing wastewater, the fluorine content in the effluent can reach the class III first-grade discharge standard of national Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water (GB3838-2002), the fluorine removal rate is high, the fluorine removal effect is obvious, and deep treatment of the fluorine-containing wastewater can be realized.

The invention discloses an environment-friendly cementing agent for road use. The environment-friendly cementing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-60 parts of waste plastic, 10-30 parts of rubber oil, 5-8 parts of waste butadiene styrene rubber powder, 2-8 parts of modified starch, 2-10 parts of lignin, 5-15 parts of inorganic filler and 1-5 parts of coupling agent. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the environment-friendly cementing agent for road use. The environment-friendly cementing agent for road use is good in high-temperature stability, has excellent low-temperature crack resistance and high cementing capability, has no production of excessive waste gas, waste water and solid wastes in a preparation process and is high in construction capability; in addition, the environment-friendly cementing agent for road use has the effect of turning wastes into valuables by taking the waste plastic and waste rubber as raw materials, so that not only are resources saved, but also the processing cost is also reduced.

The invention discloses a method for applying waste water of viscous oil after treated to low-pressure steam boilers. The method mainly comprises the following steps: A, floating oil operation is carried out on the waste water of the viscous oil, and then the waste water of the viscous oil enters an electric floating device so as to further remove the oil; B, the outlet water after added with water purifier passes through a mixer, and then enters an electric catalytic oxidation floating device to carry out electric floating operation; C, the outlet water of the electric catalytic oxidation floating device passes through a filter device to be filtered; and D, the filtered waste water enters an ion-exchange tower to be softened, and then the softened waste water is applied to the low-pressure steam boilers. The treated waste water can replace the clear water to be applied to the low-pressure steam boilers, so that clean water which is in increasing shortage can be saved, and the problems that the waste water of the viscous oil cannot be discharged and the environment is polluted can be solved.

The invention relates to a method for hydrolyzing thick mash of agricultural and forest biomass raw material to produce glycose. The method is characterized in that fiber biomass is used as the raw material, and a normal-pressure instantaneous glycerin organic phase boiling pretreatment method is adopted, so that while more than 90% of cellulose in raw material is maintained, more than 70% of lignin and less than 20% of cellulose can be selectively removed; a large amount of glycerol glycoside is produced in the collected glycerin treatment liquid, but the furfural type fermenting inhibiting matter is basically not produced, and the glycerin can be directly recycled for 7 to 11 times; when the crude cellulose of glycerin has 10 to 40% of matrix concentration and 2 to 15FPU.g<-1> matrix enzyme carrying amount, the 72hr enzymatic hydrolysis ratio can reach 70% or more. The method for hydrolyzing the thick mash of the agricultural and forest biomass raw material to produce the glycose has the characteristics that the simplicity and economy are realized, the efficiency is high, the environment-friendly effect is realized, and the simultaneous commercialized application prospect of biodiesel and cellulosic ethanol is realized.

The invention discloses a permeation type dyeing auxiliary for dyeing aramid fiber. The permeation type dyeing auxiliary comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-12 parts of malic acid, 5-10 parts of sodium acetate, 6-11 parts of cysteine, 2-6 parts of guar gum, 10-15 parts of sodium alginate, 3-7 parts of dipropylene glycol dibenzoate, 2-4 parts of castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, 1-2 parts of a pH adjusting agent, 2-3 parts of an emulsifier and 10-15 parts of deionized water. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the permeation type dyeing auxiliary. By adopting the permeation type dyeing auxiliary for dyeing aramid fiber, the dyeing rate of aramid fiber can be effectively increased, the problem that the aramid fiber is hard to dye is solved, the dyeing effect is good, the fiber structure of aramid fiber is not damaged, and the dyed fiber is soft and comfortable, bright in color and good in gloss. The preparation method is simple and the cost is low.

The invention relates to the technical field of saline-alkaline soil improvement, in particular to an efficient water quality improver applicable to saline-alkaline soil mariculture; the improver is composed of, according to parts by weight, 50-150 parts of desulfurization gypsum, 20-60 parts of biodegradation enzyme composition, and 80-120 parts of natural and synthetic copolymer mixed improver. The improver of the invention enables clean culture and harmless mission for the industry of mariculture and is practically significant to the protecting and supervising marine environments and human food safety.