The invention discloses anion-containing diatom nano mineral crystal particles and a preparation method thereof. The nano mineral crystal particles are prepared from raw materials in parts by weight as follows: 50-70 parts of sepiolite, 0.1-0.5 parts of anion powder, 5-10 parts of attapulgite, 10-20 parts of activated carbon, 5-10 parts of diatomite, 10-15 parts of kaolin and 3-5 parts of manganese oxide. The sieved sepiolite, anion powder, attapulgite, activated carbon, diatomite, kaolin and manganese oxide are weighed and mixed, and a proper quantity of sodium carbonate aqueous solution is added, and spheres are obtained through granulation; the nano mineral crystal particles are prepared after primary drying and activation. The prepared nano mineral crystal purification particles can adsorb formaldehyde, benzene, TVOC and other harmful gases and can play roles in decomposing, removing and releasing anions. Mineral materials such as sepiolite and attapulgite are used for bonding, the pure nature of the product is guaranteed, the preparation steps are simple, and the process is mature and suitable for industrial production.