The invention provides a preparation method of high-adaptability high-solid-content polycarboxylic acid slump retaining agent. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) adding polyether macro monomers and water in a given ratio into a reaction kettle, stirring, heating, and dissolving; (2) controlling the temperature at 70 to 75 DEG C, adding a given amount of solubilizer, chain transferring agent and organic peroxide initiator; (3) 5 minutes later, dropwise adding a solution B, 10 minutes later dropwise adding a solution A, wherein the addition time of the solution A is a hour, the addition time of the solution B is (a+0.5) hours, the solution A is prepared from acrylic alkyl ester, acrylic acid and water in a given ratio, and the solution B is prepared from an azo initiator, an alcohol organic solvent and water; and (4) after the dropwise addition is completed, raising the temperature to 95 to 98 DE C, keeping the temperature constant, curing for b hours, then cooling, slicing, and packaging, thus obtaining the high-adaptability high-solid-content polycarboxylic acid slump retaining agent with the solid content of 92 to 98 percent. The product obtained by the method provided by the invention has the characteristics of high solid content, good adaptability, good slump retaining performance and the like and is suitable for industrialized production.