The invention relates to an intelligent constant-temperature fresh-keeping control device and a control method. The intelligent constant-temperature fresh-keeping control device comprises a computer and a storage cabinet; a plurality of fresh-keeping cabins are formed in each storage drawer, and the fresh-keeping cabins are provided with infrared emission heads, infrared receiving heads, air outlets and air inlets. The infrared emission heads emit infrared light into the fresh-keeping cabins, the infrared receiving heads receive the infrared light reflected by food stored in the fresh-keepingcabins and transmit the infrared light to an infrared spectrometer through optical fibers, the infrared spectrometer transmits a collected infrared spectrum to the computer, the computer inputs the infrared spectrum into a discrimination model stored in the computer, and the types of the food in the fresh-keeping cabins, the appropriate storage temperature and the maximum fresh-keeping time are judged according to the infrared spectrum; by combining with the analysis function of the infrared spectrum, the types of the food, the real-time temperature, the appropriate storage temperature and theremaining maximum fresh-keeping time are identified simultaneously; and the fresh-keeping cabins are each formed into an ellipsoid shape, circulation of an air circulating system is facilitated, thusthe temperature in the fresh-keeping cabins is uniform, fresh-keeping of the food is facilitated, all the fresh-keeping cabins are operated independently, and using is easy and convenient.