The invention discloses a grouting method for an ultrathin high polymer cutoff wall, wherein continuous groove holes are constructed and formed in a dam and a foundation required to be turned into anti-seepage and consolidated according to the anti-seepage design requirement of the dam; two-component dilatant high polymer grouting materials are grouted into the groove holes through a grouting pipe; the high polymer grouting materials are quickly dilated after chemical reaction, then fill the groove holes to the brim and are solidified to form high polymer thin slice bodies, and the thin slice bodies in the neighboring groove holes are closely bonded, so as to form the continuous, uniform and regular ultrathin high polymer cutoff wall. The invention is highly distinct from the existing technology of the cutoff wall in aspects as material, mechanism, construction method and the like, has advantages of being quick, ultrathin, mini-wound, light, highly tenacious, economic, durable and the like, is successfully applied to multiple risk-removing consolidating projects of reservoir dams and embankment, and has huge economic and social benefits as well as wide development and application prospects.