The invention discloses a preparation method of a quaternary degradable antibacterial agent, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: homopolymerizing cyclic aliphatic carbonate monomers containing bromine functional groups, namely 2,2-dibromo-methyl trimethylene carbonate (DBTC) monomers or copolymerizing the 2,2-dibromo-methyl trimethylene carbonate monomers with aliphatic cyclic ester, or copolymerizing the 2,2-dibromo-methyl trimethylene carbonate monomers with the aliphatic cyclic ester or dihydroxy polyethylene glycol, or copolymerizing the 2,2-dibromo-methyl trimethylene carbonate monomers with the aliphatic cyclic ester or single methoxy polyethylene glycol; and further reacting an obtained polymer with alkylamine, thus obtaining the quaternary degradable polyester antibacterial agent with antibacterial performance. The antibacterial agent provided by the invention integrates the advantages of biocompatibility and degradability and not only has good antibacterial performance, but also has no harm to an environment, thereby being an environment-friendly antibacterial material; as an additive, the antibacterial agent provided by the invention has potential application prospects in food packaging materials, fibers, coatings, medical field and the like.