1811 results about "SODIUM SULFATE ANHYDROUS" patented technology

The invention provides a treating method for sewage containing sodium sulfate and sodium chloride. The method comprises a step of preparing sewage to be treated as raw water and a step of carrying out nanofiltration on the raw water. The method may also comprise a step of carrying out evaporative crystallization on concentrated water obtained after nanofiltration so as to obtain anhydrous sodium sulfate. The method may further comprise a step of carrying out reverse osmosis treatment on yielded water obtained after nanofiltration and using yielded water obtained after reverse osmosis treatment as diluting water in nanofiltration of the raw water. The method may also comprise a step of carrying out secondary nanofiltration on yielded water obtained after nanofiltration so as to obtain concentrated water and yielded water obtained after secondary nanofiltration, a step of carrying out reverse osmosis treatment on yielded water obtained after secondary nanofiltration and carrying out evaporative crystallization on concentrated water obtained after reverse osmosis treatment so as to obtain sodium chloride, a step of using yielded water obtained after reverse osmosis treatment as diluting water in nanofiltration of the raw water, and a step of carrying out evaporative crystallization on concentrated water obtained after secondary nanofiltration in the sequence of concentration so as to obtain anhydrous sodium sulfate or subjecting the concentrated water together with next batch of raw water to nanofiltration again . The method provided in the invention can be used for separating and purifying anhydrous sodium sulfate and sodium chloride and for purifying sewage.

The invention relates to a natural tea essence prepared by using tea and a preparation method thereof. The tea is taken as a raw material; high-purity natural tea essences with different tea aroma characteristics are prepared through compound enzymolysis, releasing, steam distillation under reduced pressure, cold trap recycling, low temperature freezing concentration, centrifugal oil-water separation, and trace moisture adsorption by using anhydrous sodium sulfate; and the compound enzymolysis and the releasing are realized by adding pectinase, cellulase or pectinase and cellulose complex enzyme, and beta-glucosidase. In the preparation method, a pectinase and cellulose complex enzyme method is adopted for enzymolysis to facilitate cracking cell walls of the tea so as to facilitate liberation and separation of aroma components from the tea, and improve the yield of the essence; therefore, the method is a method for industrially producing the natural tea essence which is energy-saving, low in cost, environmentally friendly and high in efficiency.

A process for preparing the quaternary ammonium salt of organo-silicon type bactericide includes such steps as adding anhydous sodium sulfate to absolute alcohol, stirring, dissolving dimethyl octadecalamine in it while stirring, slowly dripping gamma-chloropropyl triethoxysilane while stirring, adding catalyst, reaction to obtain the quarternary ammonium salt of organo-silicon, cooling, regulating pH=7, and adding absolute alcohol to regulate its concentration to 40%.

The invention discloses a method for simultaneously measuring multiple residues of organic chloride and pyrethroid pesticides. The method comprises the following working procedures: crushing a tobacco sample until grain diameters are less than 450 mu m; adding 10 to 20ml of extracting solution and internal standard solution into every program of tobacco sample; extracting the mixed solution by using ultrasonic wave; filtering the mixed solution by using a funnel filled with anhydrous sodium sulfate to obtain the extracting solution; adding the extracting solution into a Florisil solid extraction column for extracting and eluting; collecting an eluent; analyzing the eluent by using a gas chromatograph, wherein the analysis comprises the following conditions: adopting an Elite 5MS capillary column, high-purity N2 as a carrier gas, a constant flow mode in which the flow rate is 0.5 to 1.5 ml/min, a sample inlet temperature of between 280 and 320 DEG C, a detector temperature of between 330 and 370 DEG C, splitless sampling in which the sampling volume is between 1 and 2 mu L, and an initial temperature of 100 DEG C which rises from 100 to 180 DEG C at a speed of 8 DEG C/min, is kept for 4 minutes, rises from 180 to 270 DEG C at the speed of 5 DEG C/min and is kept for 15 minutes until all sample flows out completely; and determining the nature of the sample by using the retaining time of a standard sample and quantifying by using an internal standard method. In the method, ultrasonic wave is adopted for extracting and a solid extraction column is adopted for purifying, so that the method has the advantages of operating step simplification, high work efficiency, good purification effect, capability of simultaneously measuring multiple residues of 25 kinds of pesticides including 17 organic chloride pesticides of hexachlorocyclohexane, DDT and the like, seven pyrethroid pesticides such as fenpropathrin and the like, and one plant growth regulator.

The present invention relates to a process for treating sodium sulfate wastewater by using a nanofiltration-reverse osmosis combined membrane. According to the process, the pretreated sodium sulfate wastewater is conveyed to a nanofiltration membrane stack through a high pressure pump, and the nanofiltered concentrated solution is subjected to multiple effect evaporation crystallization to obtain an anhydrous sodium sulfate product and condensed water, wherein the condensed water is recycled; the nanofiltered producing water is conveyed to a reverse osmosis membrane stack through the high pressure pump, the resulting concentrated solution returns to the pretreated sodium sulfate stock solution to carry out the secondary nanofiltration, and the reverse osmosis producing water is recycled, wherein the concentrated solution is subjected to the reverse osmosis membrane stack. Compared to other pollution control technologies, the process of the present invention has the following advantages that: the equipment is compact, and the land occupation is small; no morphological and chemical influence is generated to the treated object; the process is a continuous process, and the automatic and uninterrupted operating can be achieved; the process has characteristics of low energy consumption, no phase change, no temperature change, easy control and simple operation; the process can be directly circulated on the site; the sodium sulfate is subjected to concentration, evaporation crystallization, and recovery utilization in the absence of chemical and physical changes, such that the zero discharge of the sodium sulfate wastewater is achieved; the reverse osmosis producing water is adopted as the process pure water to use so as to save a large amount of the process water.

The invention discloses a method for detecting pyrethroid pesticide residue amount in smoke by a cigarette filter, belonging to the technical field of tobacco chemical analysis. The method comprises the following steps: placing a sucked filter tip at standard smoking condition into a 150ml of bottle with a tapered plug; adding 100mL of mixed solvent of ethyl acetate and cyclohexane with the volume ratio of 1:1; placing the bottle on an ultrasonic wave generator for extraction for 30min; concentrating to be 0.5mL on a rotary evaporator after drying by anhydrous sodium sulfate; setting the volume to be 2mL by normal hexane to be purified; placing a small graphite carbon black column on a solid phase extractor; activating by 3mL of acetone and 3mL of normal hexane in sequence; transforming the sample test solution to be purified into the small graphite carbon black column; eluting for two times by utilizing 2.5mL of mixed solvent of acetone and normal hexane, wherein the speed does not exceed 5.0mL/min; evaporating and concentrating eluent; setting the volume to be 1.5mL by acetone and normal hexane with the volume ratio of 2:8; and analyzing on GC-ECD. The method of the invention is simple and accurate, and can effectively determine pyrethroid pesticide residue amount in smoke by the cigarette filter.

The invention relates to a method for recycling sodium sulfate from a waste alkali liquor of an ethylene unit, specifically to a technology of wet oxidation treatment of the waste alkali liquor of ethylene and separation of sodium sulfate from a waste liquid. The method comprises the steps of: (1) under wet oxidizing condition, performing wet oxidation to the waste alkali liquor of ethylene by air or oxygen to obtain an oxidized liquid; (2) neutralizing the oxidized liquid to obtain a neutralization liquid; (3) crystallizing water-entrained anhydrous sodium sulfate from the neutralization liquid; (4) returning a part of evaporative mother liquor to a neutralizing unit and performing de-biochemical treatment for frozen mother liquor after freezing the other part of evaporative mother liquor to recycle sodium sulfate decahydrate, wherein the recycled sodium sulfate decahydrate returns to the neutralizing unit; and (5) drying the water-entrained sodium sulfate decahydrate to obtain anhydrous sodium sulfate product. The method solves the technical problem that high content of salt still impacts the biochemical system after deodorization of waste alkali liquor of ethylene through wet oxidation and biochemical treatment after dilution and can be used in the fields of petrochemical and chemical industries, environment protection, comprehensive utilization of resources and light industry and the like.

The invention discloses a hardener of civil material, which comprises the following steps: grinding dehydragent, deicing fluid, impervious agent, sodium silicate, sodium hydroxide, sodium chloride, maleic acid, ferrous sulfate, sodium phosphate, sodium carbonate, anhydrous sodium sulfate, triethanolamine, calcium silicate and quartz sand in the ball mill at 60-120 deg.c; making grinding fineness reach 280-350 order with yellow color; packing; adding cement, calcium lime powder and 2-10 percent composition of last step in the ball mill at 60-120 deg.c; making grinding fineness over 200 order with hoary to obtain the product. The invention possesses high consolidation strength, good water stability and little deformation, which fits for hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering.

The invention provides a method for treating wastewater containing ammonia, vanadium, chrome and sodium sulfate. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, deaminating to prepare ammonia; step 2, extracting chromic hydroxide; step 3, absorbing the vanadium and the chrome with resin columns; and step 4, extracting anhydrous sodium sulfate. The method can separate the ammonia, the vanadium, the chrome and the anhydrous sodium sulfate from the wastewater containing the ammonia, the vanadium, the chrome and the sodium sulfate to purify and recycle the wastewater, realize zero emission and generate environmental protection effect, thereby being suitable for extracting usable substances from the wastewater containing the ammonia, the vanadium, the chrome and the sodium sulfate while purifying and recycling the water.

The invention discloses a method for determining 101 kinds of pesticide residues in tobaccos or tobacco products simultaneously. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: adding anhydrous sodium sulfate, an inner label and acidified acetonitrile into a tobacco sample, carrying out vortex extraction, carrying out centrifugal layering, enabling a certain amount of extraction liquid to pass through a solid-phase extraction column for purification, diluting by using acetonitrile/methylbenzene mixed liquid with the volume ratio being 3 to 1, concentrating the diluting liquid, carrying out solvent exchange by using normal hexane so as to obtain a mixture, enable the mixture to pass through an organic-phase filtering membrane, and detecting by using a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that a pretreatment method of a tobacco sample is simplified, the sample analysis time is shorted, simultaneously clean on-machine solution is obtained, and the maintenance frequency and the use cost of instruments are reduced.

The production process of large grain anhydrous sodium sulfate with natural salt lake mirabilite includes the steps of washing mirabilite, decomposing mirabilite, refining, settlement, neutralizing with sulfuric acid to obtain clear solution, evaporating, centrifuging to dewater, and drying with hot blast to obtain product. It features the addition of surfactant solution comprising sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium ethoxy alkyl sulfate and warm water at about 40deg.c into the clear solution before evaporating. The production process can produce anhydrous sodium sulfate of granularity of 200-1000 microns and with high economic value.

The invention provides a method for preparing a Salen-metal complex. The method comprises the following steps of: under the argon atmosphere, adding ligands(II), sodium methoxide, absolute methanol soluble ligands(II) and sodium methoxide into a reactor in sequence; stirring the mixture for 2 minutes, and adding 1mol/L cobalt acetate anhydrous/ methanol solution dropwise, wherein the molar ratio of the ligands(II) to sodium methoxide to cobalt acetate is 1:1:1; and making the mixture reacted at the room temperature for 24 hours, adding anionic salt which has the same molar weight as the cobalt acetate, stirring the mixture for three days in the air, stopping the reaction, concentrating the mixture, performing dissolution and filtration by adding methylene chloride, drying the filtrate by anhydrous sodium sulfate overnight, filtering the mixture, concentrating under reduced pressure, and drying the mixture under the vacuum condition to obtain the Salen-metal complex. The Salen-metal complex prepared by the method has the advantages of simple method, low cost and high catalytic efficiency.

The invention relates to a pretreatment method for purifying dioxin, polychlorinated biphenyl and polybrominated diphenyl ether in extract liquor. Purifying columns which respectively comprise a compound silicagel column, an alkaline aluminium oxide column and a Florisil column are arranged on an extraction module of a full-automatic solid-phase extractor, wherein fillers in each compound silicagel column comprise the following materials from bottom to top in sequence: silica gel, alkaline silica gel, silica gel, acidic silica gel and anhydrous sodium sulfate, and an eluent is normal hexane; fillers in the alkaline aluminium oxide column comprise the following materials from bottom to top in sequence: alkaline aluminium oxide and anhydrous sodium sulfate, and an eluent is mixed liquor of normal hexane and dichloromethane; fillers in the Florisil column comprise the following materials from bottom to top in sequence: Florisil and anhydrous sodium sulfate, the eluent is divided into two types according to the sequence of the steps, the eluent in the first step is the mixed liquor of normal hexane and dichloromethane, and the eluent in the second step is dichloromethane; and among all purifying columns, the eluents are transferred to an online concentrator for evaporation and concentration, and then are transferred to the next purifying column for purifying and treating.

The invention relates to a method of recycling anhydrous sulfate sodium from de-sulfurized lead paste filtration, belonging to a resource recovery and utilization process, which avoids the disadvantages that waste sulfate is used and low concentration sulfate sodium is emitted into the environment. The method of the invention comprises: desulfurized lead paste filtration collection, sodium carbonate neutralization, first time heavy metal removal, filtration PH value adjustment, second-time heavy metal removal, decolorizing step, and vaporization and crystallization step; the device comprises a transfer tank, a neutralization tank, a first-stage purifying tank, a PH adjusting tank, a second-stage purifying tank, a decolorization tank, a filtration collection tank and a vaporization crystallization system; the waste sulfate collection tank is connected with a waste sulfate pre-processing tank, the waste sulfate pre-processing tank is respectively connected with the neutralization tank and the PH adjusting tank. The invention can directly recycle anhydrous sulfate sodium, the waste sulfate is used to neutralize the carbonate sodium remained in the filtration; the heavy metal ions and other ions in the filtration are removed according to two steps, so that the grade of obtained anhydrous sulfate sodium is equal to or larger than industrial grade.

The invention relates to a preparation method for 4-methyl-5-ethyoxyl-oxazole. The preparation method for the 4-methyl-5-ethyoxyl-oxazole comprises the following steps of: performing cyclization reaction on N-ethoxyl oxalyl alanine ethyl ester under the action of phosphorus oxychloride/triethylamine/dimethylformamide used as a cyclization dehydrating agent at the temperature of between 40 and 60 DEG C for 0.5 to 1 hour; heating to 75 to 100 DEG C and reacting for 5 to 10 hours; hydrolyzing the reaction materials and separating out a water layer; adding an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide into an organic layer to hydrolyze, adjusting the pH value to be 12 to 14, distilling to obtain ethanol and adjusting the pH value to be 2.0 to 3.0 by adding sulfuric acid; heating to 65 DEG C to perform decarboxylation; adjusting the pH value to 8.0 to 10.0 by using alkali; after chloroform extraction, drying the organic layer by using anhydrous sodium sulfate; and distilling the chloroform under normal pressure to obtain the target product 4-methyl-5-ethyoxyl-oxazole. The process is easy to operate and by the preparation method, industrialized production is easy to realize; the reaction condition is mild, side reaction is few, reaction yield is high and the product content is high; and toxic methylbenzene is not used, so physical health of staff and environmental protection are facilitated.

The invention relates to an improved process for the preparation of arteether. The process comprises dissolving dihydroartemisinin in dry ethanol, adding a solid acid catalyst with trialkylorthoformate in the reaction mixture, stirring the reaction mixture at room temperature, adding H2O to the reaction mixture, extracting the reaction product with a non-polar organic solvent, and drying the solvent over anhydrous sodium sulphate and evaporating the solvent to obtain pure arteether.

The invention relates to a method for treating metronidazole waste water, which comprises the following steps of: concentrating the metronidazole waste water into 1/3-1/5 of total amount, and crystallizing and filtering the concentrated metronidazole waste water at 45-100 DEG C to obtain anhydrous sodium sulfate and sodium formate; adjusting the PH to 3-6 by using sulfuric acid or formic acid, and precipitating 2-methy-5-nitro imidazole; concentrating the filter liquid to anhydrous sticky state, dissolving organic matter by using methanol or ethanol, and filtering the solution to obtain anhydrous sodium sulfate and sodium formate; merging the sodium formate and the anhydrous sodium sulfate obtained in two times, successively adding formic acid and sulfuric acid, and recovering the formic acid to obtain anhydrous sodium sulfate; and rectifying and separating the organic mixture extract of methanol or ethanol to obtain methanol or ethanol and glycol. The method for treating metronidazole waste water provided by the invention is simple and convenient to operate, the content of polluting organic matter and inorganic slats in the metronidazole waste water can be obviously reduced, environmental pollution can be preveneted, various kinds of useful organic matter and inorganic matter can be recovered, raw materials are saved, and the production cost is lowered.

The invention discloses a method for preparing modified activated charcoal. The method comprises the following process steps that: a woody material is dried, thermally decomposed and carbonized at a high temperature; charcoal blocks after carbonization are crushed, ground and sieved so as to obtain charcoal powder; the charcoal powder which is ground and sieved is adequately soaked in a hydrochloric acid solution and a sodium hydroxide solution in turn; the charcoal powder which is soaked in the hydrochloric acid solution and the sodium hydroxide solution and dried is activated in a high-temperature furnace; and the activated charcoal powder after high-temperature activation and anhydrous sodium sulfate are put into a glass chromatography column containing acetone in turn so as to prepare an activated charcoal glass chromatography column. The method for preparing the modified activated charcoal has the advantages of low cost, easy operation and applicability to the separation of sixteen types of organic chloride pesticides and ten types of polychlorinated biphenyls in marine environmental samples (marine organisms, marine sediments and seawater).

The invention relates to a simultaneous screening and detection method of a plurality of types of veterinary drug residues in solid animal-derived foods. The simultaneous screening and detection method comprises the following steps: after taking and crushing a sample to be detected, adding an acetonitrile acetate solution and a Na2EDTA buffering solution into the sample to be detected; meanwhile, adding anhydrous sodium sulfate and sodium chloride, and homogenizing and extracting; adding an adsorbent containing C18 and NH2 into extracting-obtained liquid supernatant to carry out purification; then determining by using high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The screening method provided by the invention can be used for simultaneously screening and detecting the plurality of types of veterinary drug residues in the animal-derived foods, has the characteristics of rapidness, simplicity and convenience, flexibility, accuracy and the like, can be used for carrying out an accurate qualitative analysis on target veterinary drugs in the sample, and also can be used for carrying out quantitative detection. The method is applicable to rapid detection of the plurality of types of veterinary drug residues in batch samples. Aiming at the solid animal-derived foods, the impact on the target veterinary drugs by sample substrates is reduced, and the extraction effect is good and the recycling rate is high.

The invention provides a preparation method of a nipagin ester compound under promotion of sulfonic acidic ionic liquid. The method comprises the following steps: taking the sulfonic acidic ionic liquid as a reaction solvent and a promoter, and carrying out esterification on p-hydroxybenzoic acid and corresponding alcohol at the temperature of 80-120 DEG C for 0.5-3h under a microwave radiation condition to obtain a coarse product of nipagin ester; adding water to the coarse product, and repeatedly extracting the product and impurities such as unreacted raw materials and the like with diethylether until a diethyl ether phase is non-fluorescent; merging the diethyl ether phase, sequentially washing with saturated sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution and saturated salt solution and drying with anhydrous sodium sulfate; removing the solvent through vacuum evaporation to obtain the nipagin ester product; and removing a large quantity of water from an aqueous phase by rotary evaporation, and drying with salicylic acid in vacuum to obtain the recovered ionic liquid which can be recycled. The preparation method has the advantages of mild reaction condition, simple batch feeding and aftertreatment, short reaction time, and high mole yield of the obtained finished product of the nipagin ester which is over 85%, and being capable of avoiding equipment corrosion and pollution caused by using strong acid.

The invention discloses a candle-ash-assisted super-hydrophobic and super-oleophilic oil-water separation mesh film as well as a preparation method and an application of the mesh film. According to the method, firstly, a copper wire mesh is pretreated for cleaning and oil removal and blown by compressed nitrogen to be dried; an anhydrous sodium sulfate and copper chloride mixed electrolyte solution is prepared; the pretreated copper wire mesh is placed in the electrolyte solution for constant-voltage cathodic electrodeposition of nano-copper under the voltage of 0.3-1.0 V; the copper wire mesh after electrodeposition is placed in a position 1-4 cm higher than the flame of a burning candle for candle ash deposition, and the oil-water separation mesh film having the super-hydrophobic property is obtained through cooling. The contact angle of the mesh film prepared with the method with water is larger than 153 degrees, the contact angle of the mesh film with oil is smaller than 5 degrees, and the mesh film has the higher high-temperature resistance, the good contact angle stability with acid and alkaline solutions and can be used repeatedly. Compared with traditional oil-water separation films, the oil-water separation mesh film better conforms to the environmental protection concept, can be applied to blockage of offshore oil pollution, chemical sewage treatment and the like, and has the broad application prospect.

The invention discloses a solid phase micro-extraction device and a method for measuring volatile organic acids in tobacco leaves. The extraction device comprises a solid phase micro-extraction sample injection needle (1) and a headspace sample bottle (4), wherein a glass inner tube (5) is arranged inside the headspace sample bottle (4), a headspace bottle cover (2) is arranged at the mouth of the headspace sample bottle (4), the solid phase micro-extraction sample injection needle (1) is inserted into the headspace sample bottle (4) through the headspace bottle cover (2), and a solid phase micro-extraction fiber head (30 is mounted at the tip of the solid phase micro-extraction sample injection needle. The measurement method comprises the following steps of: weighing a tobacco leaf sample into and putting in the headspace sample bottle, adding internal standard compounds and anhydrous sodium sulfate, thoroughly mixing, sucking derivatization reagents into the glass inner tube, putting the glass inner tube into the headspace sample bottle, sealing the headspace sample bottle with the headspace bottle cover, and performing full automatic headspace solid phase micro-extraction. Compared with the prior art, the method has a simple treatment process and a high analysis speed, and is economical and practical, convenient to operate and environment-friendly.

The invention provides a method for detecting an organochlorine pesticide residue in soil, which adopts a blank matrix without pesticides to match a standard solution for calibration, thus prevents a measured value from being much higher than an actual value for some organochlorine pesticides due to matrix effect, and improves the detection precision; The detection method of the invention adopts Florisil and anhydrous sodium sulfate for the purification of soil extract, and is simple in operation and good in purification effect; in addition, the invention optimizes gas chromatography conditions, can detect residues of as many as 21 organochlorine pesticides simultaneously, and accords with current development trend for organochlorine pesticide residue detection in soil.