46results about How to "Oxygen-rich functional groups" patented technology

The invention discloses a method for preparing a graphene oxide. The method comprises the following steps of: a) adding concentrated inorganic acid into a sealed reactor, adding graphite powder with stirring, reducing the temperature to the temperature of between 0 and 4 DEG C, and adding potassium permanganate to react for 0.5 to 2 hours; b) heating the obtained reaction system to the temperature of between 60 and 70 DEG C, and standing for 12 to 24 hours; c) adding hydrogen peroxide into distilled water in a volume ratio of 1:10, freezing to obtain ice, transferring the graphite oxide to the distilled water containing the hydrogen peroxide until the ice is completely dissolved, uniformly stirring, performing suction filtration, washing and drying to obtain the graphene oxide. The graphite powder, the concentrated acid and the potassium permanganate serve as raw materials, and the raw materials are low in cost and readily available; NO, NO2 and other toxic gases are prevented from being produced; the reaction temperature is as low as 60-70 DEG C; and the product has high dye adsorption capacity and high industrial application value.

The invention discloses a modified magnetic sludge biological carbon and a preparation method and applications thereof. The modified magnetic sludge biological carbon is prepared by carbonizing residual sludge, modifying sludge by alkali, and modifying sludge by acid. The provided modified magnetic sludge biological carbon has the advantages of good magnetic property, large specific surface and pore volume, abundant pore structure, many surface adsorption functional groups and adsorption sites, and strong performance on removing target pollutants; and the preparation method has the advantages of simple preparation, easy operation, low cost, high production efficiency, and convenience for large scale production. The provided modified magnetic sludge biological carbon is used to remove tetracycline hydrochloride in water for the first time, has the advantages of large adsorption amount, strong adsorption performance, high adsorption efficiency, simple and convenient operation, short processing period, low processing cost, and easy separation and recovery, and has a strong performance on removing tetracycline hydrochloride. The maximal balance adsorption amount can reach 253.8 mg / g. The performance of the biological carbon is obviously stronger than that of unmodified magnetic sludge biological carbon.

The invention provides a preparation method and application of an adsorbent. The preparation method comprises the following steps: grafting amido to the tail end of cyclodextrin, and then adding the cyclodextrin and polyacrylic acid to a graphene oxide dispersion liquid for reaction; preparing a surface grafting graphene oxide nanocomposite material through a one-step method, wherein the surface grafting graphene oxide nanocomposite material can fast and effectively treat dye wastewater and especially absorb methylene blue. The adsorbent prepared through the method provided by the invention has the advantages of property of forming clathration with a dye molecule by sufficiently utilizing a cyclodextrin molecule, large specific area of a nanometer material and a high-molecular material, abundance of oxygen-containing functional groups, good water solubility of the high-molecular material, abundance of hydroxy and carboxyl and the like and is capable of fast and effectively treating the dye wastewater by generating electrostatic attraction effect with a cationic dye by concentrating functional group carboxyl on the surfaces of the nanometer material and the high-molecular material; and the adsorbent prepared through the method provided by the invention is capable of fast and effectively treating the dye wastewater because the functional groups, namely the hydroxy, the carboxyl and the like, easily form hydrogen bonds with a water molecule.

The invention provides a preparation method of a graphite oxide acetylene nanosheet achieving water photolysis oxygen generation under visible light. The method for preparing the graphite oxide acetylene nanosheet is simple, efficient and low in cost. The prepared graphite oxide acetylene nanosheet has abundant oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface and excellent dispersion in water, and is beneficial to improvement of light absorption; the graphite oxide acetylene nanosheet has the uniform size and ultra-thin thickness, and is beneficial to separation and transmission of photo-induced electrons and holes, and the performance of water pohotolysis oxygen generation under the visible light is improved. The prepared graphite oxide acetylene nanosheet material has good absorption in the visible light range, and the energy band structure meets the requirement of catalyzing water for decomposition to generate oxygen under visible light irradiation, and thus high-performance visible light water pohotolysis oxygen generation is achieved. In addition, the graphite oxide acetylene nanosheet material still show the excellent water pohotolysis oxygen generation performance under irradiation of near-infrared light (lambda=660 nm).

The invention discloses a strain-insensitive flexible stretchable temperature / humidity sensor and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of flexible wearable electronics andcomposite materials. The flexible stretchable temperature / humidity sensor is composed of a flexible substrate layer and a temperature / humidity sensitive layer, and the temperature / humidity sensitive layer is semi-embedded into the surface of the flexible substrate layer in a 3D printing mode to form an S-shaped bent structure. Rapid preparation of the flexible substrate layer is achieved through the casting blade coating technology, controllable preparation of the temperature and humidity sensitive layer of the snakelike bent structure is achieved through the 3D printing technology, the influence of external tensile strain on the temperature sensor is effectively eliminated through the snakelike bent structure, and the flexible temperature sensor can be prevented from being affected by external deformation. The obtained flexible temperature / humidity sensor has a good tensile property, the temperature or humidity sensing function is not affected by external strain, and the flexible stretchable temperature / humidity sensor has a wide application prospect in the fields of flexible wearable equipment, human health monitoring and the like.

The invention discloses a porous carbon nanofiber electrode used for a redox flow battery, and a preparation method of the porous carbon nanofiber electrode. The electrode is 20-500[mu]m in thickness and formed by porous carbon nanofibers with diameter of 50-500nm; the porous carbon nanofiber electrode is prepared by the steps of taking a high-molecular polymer as a precursor, preparing into nanofibers through electrostatic spinning, and then performing high temperature carbonization and next, carrying out high-temperature activation through CO<2> or vapor. The prepared porous carbon nanofiber electrode, with obviously enlarged specific surface area and improved oxygen-containing functional group, has high electrocatalytic activity and electrochemical reversibility when the porous carbon nanofiber electrode is used for the redox flow battery; the redox flow battery has the advantages of simple preparation method, easily available raw material, low cost and the like; the electrode material is applicable to the redox flow battery; due to the ultra-thin electrode thickness, space between electrodes of the battery can be reduced, and internal resistance of the battery can be lowered; and in addition, charge transfer resistance can be lowered, the voltage efficiency and energy efficiency of the all-vanadium redox flow battery are improved, and the weight and the volume of the battery are reduced.

The invention provides a preparation method and an application of graphitized carbon with a large specific surface area. The preparation method comprises the following steps: loading a metal catalyston a carbon source precursor; and then loading potassium hydroxide, isolating air and raising the temperature for treatment, or putting the carbon source precursor loaded with the metal catalyst intoan atmosphere containing water vapor or carbon dioxide, raising the temperature for treatment, cooling the product, washing the product with acid and water, removing impurities such as silicon, the metal catalyst and alkali, and drying the product to obtain graphitized carbon with a large specific surface area. According to the preparation method, cheap and easily available metal salt is used as acatalyst precursor, and in the catalytic graphitization process, due to the existence of pore-forming agents such as potassium hydroxide, water vapor or carbon dioxide, graphitized carbon with a large specific surface area can be obtained. The graphitized carbon has strong hydrophobicity and strong affinity to organic matters, and can be used for efficiently adsorbing and removing organic pollutants and heavy metals in waste gas or wastewater, and meanwhile, the derivative graphene oxide can be used for efficiently adsorbing and removing heavy metals in water.

The invention discloses a spinel-structured catalyst with the capability of simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification as well as a preparation method and an application of the catalyst. The catalyst is prepared from active components, auxiliaries and a support, wherein the active components comprise two or three of CoO, Fe2O3 and Al2O3; the auxiliaries comprise one or two or CeO2 and Y2O3;the support is activated carbon. The spinel structure is formed on the surface of the support by the active components of the catalyst. When the catalyst is used for simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification, CO is taken as a reducing agent, NO is reduced to N2 to be discharged into the air with a gas-solid catalytic reduction method, and SO2 is reduced to elementary S for recycling. Transition metal oxide and rare earth metal which are supported by the activated carbon are used as the auxiliaries, and the raw materials are widely sourced, easily obtained and low in cost; the activatedcarbon has the advantages of being large in specific surface area and good in adsorption capacity, containing rich oxygen-containing functional groups and the like; the measuring result of the specific surface area of the catalyst is 800-1500 m<2> / g.

The invention relates to a technology for preparing high oxygenous functional group activated carbon through a phosphate activation method. The technology comprises the following steps of: mixing lotus stem powder with phosphate powder according to different mass ratios, soaking at room temperature for 6-12 hours, putting the soaked sample into a muffle furnace, carbonizing and activating for 40-60 minutes at the temperature of 450 DEG C-550 DEG C, cooling, cleaning with deionized water and drying. The preparation technology is simple and has high activated carbon yield; and the activated carbon has developed pores, is rich in nitrogenous functional group, has strong absorption property and can effectively remove harmful pollutants.

The invention relates to a preparation method and application of a sodium-ion battery cathode material, namely a coal-based graphite microcrystal conductive compound. According to the preparation method, first, graphite oxide microcrystals are prepared from a coal-based material; second, the prepared graphite oxide microcrystals and a conductive carbon material are made into a uniformly-mixed mixed solution; third, the mixed solution is made into graphite oxide microcrystal / conductive carbon material composite gel; and last, the graphite oxide microcrystal / conductive carbon material compositegel is calcined in an inert atmosphere, so that the coal-based graphite microcrystal conductive compound is obtained. The graphite microcrystal compound prepared through the method has excellent conductivity; and when the compound is used as the sodium-ion battery cathode material, the compound shows excellent rate capability and circulation performance through electrochemical performance assessment.

The invention provides biological activated lignite synergistic sulfate reducing bacteria sludge immobilized particles and a preparation method and application thereof. The immobilized particles can be used for reducing, adsorbing and removing various metal cations and anions in acid mine wastewater, and the preparation method of the immobilized particles comprises the following steps: 1) polyvinyl alcohol and sodium alginate are added into water, and swelling, heating and stirring are conducted until bubble-free gel is formed; 2) lignite is added into the gel obtained in the step 1), and uniform stirring and cooling are conducted; 3) rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides liquid and sulfate reducing bacteria sludge are added into the gel mixture obtained in the step 2), the mixture is uniformly stirred, and particles are prepared from the uniformly stirred mixture; 4) the particles obtained in the step 3) are dropwise added into a CaCl2-containing saturated boric acid aqueous solution with the pH value of 5.0-7.0, and crosslinking is carried out under stirring; and then normal saline is used for washing, and moisture on the surface is adsorbed to obtain the biological activated lignite synergistic sulfate reducing bacteria sludge immobilized particles.

The invention relates to a preparation method of oxygen-containing porous carbon aerogel, comprising the following steps: obtaining porous carbon aerogel through a conventional method, dispersing theporous carbon aerogel material in an aqueous solution of H2O2 and FeCl3 according to the concentration of 0.2-0.3 mg / ml with the molar ratio of H2O2 to FeCl3 being 1:1-1:4, uniformly stirring and mixing, adjusting pH to 2-4 by using a NaOH solution, treating by a plasma technology, carrying out suction filtration by using a mixed cellulose filter membrane after the reaction, washing with lots of deionized water to neutral level, collecting a powder, drying and grinding. The porous carbon aerogel provided by the invention has rich oxygen-containing functional groups, which can enhance wettability of the porous carbon aerogel in an electrolyte and can provide a pseudocapacitor having high capacitance.

The invention discloses a thiosemicarbazide modified magnetic graphene oxide adsorbent and a preparation method and application thereof. The method comprises the following steps: respectively dissolving graphene oxide, FeCl3. 6H2O and FeCl2. 4H2O in water, adding ammonia water, carrying out a heating reaction process to obtain magnetic graphene oxide, dispersing the magnetic graphene oxide in water, mixing the solution with a thiosemicarbazide solution, heating the mixture to react, and purifying the product to obtain the adsorbent. According to the method, graphene oxide is used as a carrier,ferroferric oxide particles are endowed with magnetism, thiosemicarbazide is used as a modifier, and the modified magnetic graphene oxide adsorbent which is good in adsorption performance, easy to separate and good in selectivity is prepared. The modified graphene oxide adsorbent provided by the invention has the characteristics of being simple to prepare, capable of being desorbed, regenerated and repeatedly used, large in specific surface area, good in adsorption effect, easy to separate, capable of adsorbing and selecting Hg < 2 + > and the like. The modified magnetic graphene oxide adsorbent can effectively realize adsorption and removal of heavy metal ions.

The invention discloses a precious metal nanoparticle composite SERS fiber and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the field of flexible SERS substrate materials. The preparation method of the composite SERS fiber comprises the following steps that S1, precious metal nanoparticle sol is prepared by adopting a sodium citrate reduction method and taking a sodium citrate solution as a reducing agent; S2, the noble metal nanoparticle sol is concentrated for direct use or the concentrated noble metal nanoparticle sol is modified with probe molecules; S3, the concentrated noble metal nanoparticle sol or the modified noble metal nanoparticle sol obtained in the step 2 is mixed with alginate, stirred and defoamed to obtain a spinning solution; and S4, the spinning solutionobtained in the step 3 is sucked into an injector, the spinning solution is extruded into a coagulating bath by a metering pump through a spinning nozzle to form a fiber precursor, and the fiber precursor is drawed, washed and dried. The fiber prepared by the preparation method can be combined with a handheld portable Raman spectrometer for on-site rapid detection, and can also be applied to pH sensing, biosensing, body fluid acidity and alkalinity and detection of small molecular substances in body fluid.

The invention relates to biochar, in particular to modified biochar and a method for repairing heavy metal pollution of soil by using the modified biochar. The modified biochar is prepared by the following method: S1, air-drying corn straws; s2, crushing the corn straws to obtain straw powder; s3, adding water into the straw powder, and stirring until the water content of the straw powder is 20-30%; s4, feeding the straw powder into a carbonization furnace, and closing the carbonization furnace; s5, introducing carbon dioxide gas, and emptying air in the carbonization furnace; s6, increasing the temperature to 100 DEG C, and performing heat preservation for 15-30 min; s7, increasing the temperature to the carbonization temperature, wherein the carbonization temperature ranges from 680 DEG C to 750 DEG C, the carbonization time ranges from 1 h to 2 h, and obtaining the modified biochar; s8, cooling to room temperature after carbonization is finished; and S9, heating the modified biochar into a ball mill, and grinding to obtain the modified biochar powder with the particle size of 10-20nm. The modified biochar has larger specific area and pore volume, richer oxygen-containing functional groups and stronger pollutant adsorption capacity.

The invention provides a domestic wastewater treatment method. The method includes the following steps of S1, filtering domestic wastewater to remove large-grained impurities, and adding sodium polyacrylate, polyepoxysuccinic acid, sodium lignin sulfonate and solid biological activated carbon to the filtered wastewater to be stirred and then heated by microwaves; S2, adding a Fenton reagent for oxidization degradation after adjusting pH to be 6-9; S3, adding a modified composite flocculant to the wastewater; S4, making the wastewater processed in the step S5 to pass through a composite filtering layer at the flowing speed of 1.4-6.0 m / min, wherein the composite filtering layer is of a three-layer structure, the upper layer and the lower layer of the composite filtering layer are carbonizedmicron wood wool layers, and the middle layer of the composite filtering layer is made of micro-nano activated wood powder. The domestic wastewater treatment method has great wastewater treatment capacity.

The invention relates to the field of quantum dot preparation, and discloses a preparation method of a graphene quantum dot. The method is characterized in that graphene undergoes an oxidation reaction in an oxidizing solution under an oxidation reaction condition to obtain the graphene quantum dot, wherein the oxidizing solution contains H2SO4 and HNO3, the concentration of H2SO4 in the oxidizingsolution is 10-14 mol / L, and a molar ratio of H2SO4 to HNO3 is 1:(0.20-0.45). The graphene quantum dot obtained by the preparation method has a uniform oxygen-to-carbon ratio and spectrally controllable properties, and is suitable for bioimaging, multicolor labeling and construction of fluorescent and electrochemiluminescent biosensors.

The invention relates to graphene oxide-anatase type nanometer titanium dioxide composite modified sol and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding tetrabutyl titanate into absolute ethyl alcohol, and carrying out ultrasonic dispersion to prepare a solution A; putting graphene oxide into an absolute ethyl alcohol solution, and carrying out ultrasonic dispersion to prepare a suspension B; mixing hydrochloric acid, absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water to prepare a solution C; and subjecting the solution A and the suspension B to mixing and magnetic stirring, slowly adding the solution C into a mixed liquid of the solution A and the suspension B for a stirring reaction, dropwise adding a modification reagent at the same time, and finally, conducting a heating stirring reaction so as to obtain the graphene oxide-anatase type nanometer titanium dioxide composite modified sol. Compared with the prior art, the modified sol is uniform in particle size dispersion, light in color and wide in application field; and the prepared titanium dioxide has an obvious spectrum shift phenomenon, titanium dioxide crystals are in an anatase type, and the titanium dioxide can be applied to compounding of photocatalytic antibacterial coatings.

The invention relates to a diesel oil adsorbent, a preparation method thereof and a diesel oil adsorption method. The diesel oil adsorbent is prepared from crab shells through a hydrothermal carbonization technology, is black powder in appearance, has the pore diameter of 3-20 nm, the pore volume of 0.0763 cm<3> / g and the specific surface area of 17.01 m<2> / g, has diffraction peaks of 23 degrees and 39 degrees through analysis of an X-ray chromogenic spectrometer, andis obviously enhanced in carapace peak at 19 degrees, and an infrared spectrum shows that the diesel oil adsorbent has absorption peaks at 3259.6 cm<-1>, 2358.9 cm<-1>, 1668.4 cm<-1>, 1377.1 cm<-1>, 1072.4 cm<-1> and 893.04 cm<-1>. The diesel oil adsorbent provided by the invention has rich pores and oxygen-containing functional groups, can efficiently adsorb diesel oil, and has a maximum removal rate of 80.1%; and meanwhile, safety and no toxicity are realized, the use is convenient, and secondary pollution is avoided.

The invention discloses a method for preparing biochar from waste mango seeds, and belongs to the technical field of biochar preparation. According to the method, a large number of waste mango seeds generated by rotting mangoes in the mango processing process and orchards or farmer markets are used as basic substances, mango seed powder is obtained after cleaning, drying and smashing, then pyrolysis is conducted under the protection of nitrogen, and the mango seed charcoal product is obtained. Examples prove that the raw materials are easy to obtain, the preparation method is simple, the production cost is low, the efficiency is high, fruit waste is recycled, waste utilization is achieved, resources are saved, high-additional-value resource utilization of the mango seeds is effectively achieved, and the prepared charcoal is environmentally friendly and safe and has good large-scale production prospects. Moreover, the problem of environmental pollution can be effectively reduced.

The invention relates to a magnetic biomimetic catalyst and a preparation method and an application method thereof. The preparation method adopts the technical scheme that the preparation method comprises the following steps of uniformly mixing coal-based carbon and a KOH (potassium hydroxide) solution, and treating for 1 to 2h under the vacuum atmosphere at the temperature of 105 DEG C; putting into a microwave generation device, and activating at the temperature of 300 to 700 DEG C; cooling, adding deoxidizing and deionizing water, stirring, standing, and obtaining an upper KOH recycling liquid and a lower precipitate; washing the lower precipitate, and drying, so as to obtain the modified coal-based carbon; uniformly mixing FeSO4.7H2O (ferrous sulfate), the modified coal-based carbon and the deoxidizing and deionizing water, so as to obtain suspension liquid; uniformly mixing NaNO3 (sodium nitrate), NaOH (sodium hydroxide) and the deoxidizing and deionizing water, dripping into the suspension liquid, stirring, and standing; washing the lower magnetic precipitate to neutral state, and drying, so as to obtain the magnetic biomimetic catalyst; uniformly mixing the magnetic biomimetic catalyst and organic wastewater, adding H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide), stirring, and treating, so that the COD (chemical oxygen demand) and chroma of the organic wastewater can reach the national industrial regeneration water quality standard. The preparation method has the characteristics that the technology is simple, the operability is high, the cost is low, the yield is high, and the environment-friendly effect is realized.

The invention relates to the technical field of modified cement, and particularly discloses a preparation method of graphene modified cement and a product thereof. The preparation method of the graphene modified cement comprises the following steps of: preparing polyurethane modified graphene from graphene oxide; preparing a polyethylene glycol / titanium dioxide / polyurethane modified graphene composite material by putting polyethylene glycol, tetrabutyl titanate and the prepared polyurethane modified graphene into a solution; dissolving the prepared polyethylene glycol / titanium dioxide / polyurethane modified graphene composite material in water to obtain modified graphene dispersion liquid, and mixing the modified graphene dispersion liquid with cement to obtain the graphene modified cement.The polyurethane graphene oxide is prepared by performing polyurethane modification on the graphene oxide, the dispersing performance of the polyurethane graphene oxide in cement is improved, and then the composite material is prepared by further combining polyethylene glycol and titanium dioxide, so that the stability of the polyurethane graphene oxide in the modified cement is further improved;therefore, the technical purpose of improving the performance of the cement in all aspects by adding the graphene is achieved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of composite materials, and particularly relates to a hydrothermal carbon-based composite material and preparation and application thereof. Biomass is mixed with a precursor solution of a metal organic skeleton material to obtain raw material mixed liquid; the raw material mixed liquid is subject to a hydrothermal reaction in a closed reactor, and carbonization of the biomass and a crystallization reaction of the metal organic skeleton material are conducted in the process of the hydrothermal reaction; and after the hydrothermal reaction is completed, solid-liquid separation is conducted, and an obtained solid material is cleaned and dried to obtain the hydrothermal carbon-based composite material. Through a metal organic skeleton precursor is added during the preparation of hydrothermal carbon, the hydrothermal carbon and a metal organic framework are organically combined to obtain the hydrothermal carbon-based composite material, the adsorption capacity of the hydrothermal carbon-based composite material to heavy metals is improved, so as to solve the technical problems that hydrothermal carbon-based composite materials in existing technology are not prone to being obtained and the adsorption effect is not good.

The invention relates to a method for preparing an organic fertilizer from coal-based solid waste, which comprises the following steps: pretreating coal-based solid waste until the particle size is less than 0.125 mm, uniformly mixing fine coal-based solid waste with mixed nutrient substances of sodium salt, magnesium salt, cellulose and lignin, and culturing, soaking the cultured coal-based solid waste for 4-8 h at the liquid-solid mass ratio of 1: (2-5), carrying out water extraction operation, and obtaining a water extract and water extraction solid waste after water extraction is completed; performing bacterial separation and culture on the water extract to obtain single active bacteria, uniformly mixing the water extraction solid waste, the active bacteria and water in a mass ratio of 100: (0.01-0.1): (5-15), regulating the pH value to 8.0-9.0 by using quick lime, fermenting for 15-30 days, and drying at 40 DEG C for 12 hours after fermentation to obtain the organic fertilizer, and applying the organic fertilizer to plant planting; and observing the growth state and fruit characteristics of the plant, and verifying the use effect of the organic fertilizer. The method has the characteristics that the coal-based solid waste is green and environment-friendly, a large amount of coal-based solid waste is utilized efficiently, and all components are utilized efficiently.

The invention belongs to the technical field of porous carbon materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a nitrogen-doped porous carbon material and application of the nitrogen-doped porous carbon material in a supercapacitor. The nitrogen-doped porous carbon material is prepared by taking weathered coal humic acid as a carbon material precursor, urea as a nitrogen source and a potassium metal compound as an active agent through high-temperature reaction, and when the nitrogen-doped porous carbon material is applied to an electrode material of a supercapacitor, the supercapacitor shows excellent electrochemical performance. The initial raw materials are humic acid and urea which widely exist in nature and are low in price and rich in source, and the method only relates to a small number of procedures such as activation and cleaning, so that large-scale industrial production is easy to realize.

The invention discloses a dehydrogenation catalyst which comprises modified aluminum oxide as a carrier, Pt as an active component and Ga-containing perovskite as aids, wherein the mass percentage content of Pt in the dehydrogenation catalyst is 0.1-0.5%, and the mass percentage of Ga is 0.4-3.1%. The invention further provides a method for preparing the dehydrogenation catalyst and the application of the dehydrogenation catalyst in alkane dehydrogenation to prepare olefin. The catalyst is simple in preparation method, and the dehydrogenation catalyst prepared by using the preparation method has high catalysis performance in alkane dehydrogenation. The dehydrogenation catalyst disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of being high in activity, good in carbon prevention and good in stability, and the preparation method is simple and easy to achieve, and has a wide application prospect.

The invention discloses a granular humic acid water-soluble fertilizer. The fertilizer water-soluble is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-55 parts of water, 10-11 parts oflignite humic acid powder, 25-35 parts of urea, 7-9 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5-1 part of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid-Ca (EDTA-Ca), 0.5-1 part of EDTA-Mg, 1.5-2 parts of EDTA-Fe, 0.5-1 part of EDTA-Zn, 0.2-0.5 part of EDTA-Cu, 0.5-1 part of EDTA-Mn, 0.2-0.5 part of sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 0.02-0.05 part of ammonium molybdate, 0.5-1 part of potassium humate, 0.2-0.5 part of glycerol, 0.02 part of xanthan gum and 0.02 part of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) weighing the raw materials according to the formula ratio, sequentially pouring the weighed raw materials into a container, and carrying out stirring for 20-25 minutes; and (2) grinding the uniformly dispersed-phase mixed solution prepared in the step (1) through a grinding machine with balls in a cylinder chamber, wherein the grinding condition is as follows that the liquid pressure in the machine cylinder is 0.2-0.3 bar, the linear velocity ofa rotor is larger than 10 m / s, the mesh sieve diameter is smaller than 0.2 mm, and the flow rate of the mixed liquid is less than 700 m<3> / h. A black slightly thick liquid obtained after the mixed liquid is ground by the grinding machine is a finished product of the fertilizer.

The invention provides a modified phosphorus-nitrogen type flame retardant and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding pentaerythritol into a three-neck flask, putting the flask into an ice-water bath, stirring for 30 minutes at the rotating speed of 100 to 120 r / min, dropwise adding phosphorus oxychloride while stirring, controlling the dropwiseadding time to be 15 minutes, absorbing tail gas by using a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 20% in the dropwise adding process, after dropwise adding is finished, stirringfor 30 minutes at a constant speed, then heating to 60 to 70 DEG C, and stirring for 2 hours at a constant speed at the temperature. In the step S3, melamine and cyanuric acid are mixed and subjectedto hydrogen bond compounding, then a mixed solution A prepared from a second product is added, and the second product is added, so that the formation of a melamine cyanurate large-plane network structure can be interfered and inhibited, the particle size is refined. and the prepared modified phosphorus-nitrogen type flame retardant has good dispersity.

The invention discloses irradiation-resistant and high-temperature-resistant phenylene silicone rubber and a preparation method thereof. The irradiation-resistant and high-temperature-resistant phenylene silicone rubber comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 85-100 parts of composite phenylene silicone rubber, 10-15 parts of an irradiation-resistant auxiliary agent, 10-20 partsof rare earth salt, 3-5 parts of a plasticizer, 3-5 parts of an anti-aging agent and 5-10 parts of a reinforcing agent. The preparation method comprises the following steps: sequentially adding the composite phenylene silicone rubber, the radiation-resistant assistant, the rare earth salt, the plasticizer, the anti-aging agent and the reinforcing agent into a mixing mill, mixing for 30 minutes toobtain a mixture, carrying out heat treatment on the mixture at 190-200 DEG C for 1 hour, cooling, adding into a vulcanizing machine, and vulcanizing at 150 DEG C under the pressure of 25-30 MPa for 10 minutes to obtain the radiation-resistant high-temperature-resistant phenylene silicone rubber. By introducing the molybdenum element into the primary resin, the molybdenum element can form a chemical bond with very high bond energy, so that the high-temperature resistance of the primary resin is improved, and the finally prepared composite phenylene silicone rubber has excellent toughness and high-temperature resistance.

The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and discloses a method for improving the utilization rate of a phosphate fertilizer by utilizing the combined action of a nitrogen fertilizer and biochar. The method for improving the utilization rate of the phosphate fertilizer by utilizing the combined action of the nitrogen fertilizer and the biochar comprises the step of uniformly applying the nitrogen fertilizer and the biochar into soil according to a specific ratio, wherein the nitrogen fertilizer is urea, and the biochar is a general 95% biochar base fertilizer. The invention provides the method for reducing the loss of phosphorus and improving the effectiveness of the phosphorus by utilizing combined application of the biochar and the nitrogen fertilizer, so the utilization rate of the phosphate fertilizer is improved. Based on the characteristics of a developed pore structure and abundant oxygen-containing functional groups of the biochar, the leaching loss of the biochar is reduced by utilizing the storage of phosphorus via organic matters in the biochar; and the combined action of the biochar and the nitrogen fertilizer can increase the activity of alkaline phosphatase, promote phosphorus circulation and improve the effectiveness of the phosphorus.