The invention discloses a synthesis method of 2, 4, 5-trifluorophenylacetic acid, and belongs to the technical field of organic
chemical industry, 1, 2, 4-trifluorobenzene is used as a
raw material and reacts with tetrachloromethane and aluminum
chloride passivated by pseudo-
boehmite to generate 2, 4, 5-trifluoro-(trichloromethyl)
benzene, after the reaction is finished, an
oil phase is separated and extracted, a
zinc chloride aqueous solution and 2, 4, 5-trifluoro-(trichloromethyl)
benzene are dropwise added into the
oil phase, a reaction is carried out, and the 2, 4, 5-trifluoro-(trichloromethyl)
benzene is obtained. The preparation method comprises the following steps: hydrolyzing 2, 4, 5-trifluoro-(trichloromethyl) benzene to generate 2, 4, 5-trifluorobenzoyl
chloride, then adding azido
methane and
silver oxide, and converting
acyl chloride into
carboxylic acid by utilizing an Ardt-Eister reaction to generate 2, 4, 5-trifluorophenylacetic acid; the synthesis
route is simple to operate, the
route is simplified, the use of high-
toxicity raw materials in the intermediate process is reduced, the
corrosion to equipment is low, the risk is low, the generation amount of byproducts is reduced, and the separation is easier, so that the synthesis
route is a
safer, environment-friendly and high-selectivity route for synthesizing the 2, 4, 5-trifluorophenylacetic acid.