The invention discloses a preparation method of a bismuth vanadate doped graphite phase carbon nitride nanosheet photocatalyst. The mehod comprises the following steps: adding graphite phase carbon nitride into an acetic acid solution, stirring, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment; adding bismuth chloride and sodium metavanadate into the solution; adjusting the pH value of the solution to 5-7; heating the mixed solution at 160-200 DEG C to react for 8-20 hours; and centrifugally separating, washing, and drying to obtain the catalyst. According to the invention, according to the characteristics that graphite-phase carbon nitride is non-toxic, easy to prepare, stable in thermodynamic and chemical properties, high in photocatalytic reducibility, narrow in bismuth vanadate band gap width, high in photocatalytic oxidation, capable of responding to visible light and having energy level difference, and the like, a bismuth vanadate doped graphite-phase carbon nitride nano composite materialis constructed, wherein the photon-generated carrier separation efficiency is remarkably improved, the recombination rate is greatly reduced, the response range of the material to visible light is further widened, and the oxidation-reduction capability is enhanced, so that the photocatalytic performance is further improved, and the composite material can be used for removing organic pollutants inthe environment and reducing CO2.