The invention relates to crystalline silicon solar cell back surface field aluminum paste and a preparation method thereof. The crystalline silicon solar cell back surface field aluminum paste comprises, by weight, 74 parts of aluminum powder, 20-25 parts of organic bonds, 1-4 parts of lead-free glass powder and 0.1-2 parts of additives, wherein the organic bond comprises, by weight, 40-70 parts of terpineol, 5-10 parts of butyl carbitol, 5-10 parts of butyl carbitol acetic ester, 3-10 parts of ethyl cellulose, 5-15 parts of dibutyl phthalate and one part of sorbitol anhydride stearate; the lead-free powder comprises, by weight, 30-60 parts of Bi2O3, 5-15 parts of B2O3, 3 parts of BiF3, 10-20 parts of SiO2, 5-10 parts of ZnO, 1-5 parts of TiO2, 10-20 parts of Al2O3 and 1-3 parts of P2O5; and the additive is spherical copper powder with the purity larger than 99% and the fineness being 20000 meshes. The aluminum powder, the organic bonds, the lead-free glass powder and the additives are evenly mixed and then rolled by a three-roll grinder until the fineness is smaller than or equal to 10 mum and the viscosity is 30-60Pa*s. The crystalline silicon solar cell back surface field aluminum paste is high in photoelectric conversion efficiency and adhesive force, the adhesive force conversion efficiency after high temperature aging declines, and the water-boiling resistance is good.