The present application belongs to the technical field of natural active peptides, and particularly relates to a crab shell polypeptide as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method provided by the present application takes crab shells as raw materials, extracts crab shell polypeptides by using a
hydrolysis, enzymolysis and
alcohol precipitation method, controls the
hydrolysis, enzymolysis and
alcohol precipitation conditions in the extraction process, and makes the prepared crab shell polypeptides mainly composed of low-molecular-weight peptides and rich in
glutamic acid,
aspartic acid and
lysine. Experiments prove that the crab shell polypeptide provided by the present application can enhance
calcium deposition, improve OB activity, improve
bone density, restore
trabecular bone structure, maintain the integrity of
bone tissue, inhibit OC function, has no obvious
systemic toxicity, and can reestablish the
osteoblast /
osteoclast balance at the
molecular level and restore
calcium-
phosphorus homeostasis, and therefore can be used for preparing medicines for preventing and treating
osteoporosis or health-care foods for improving
bone density, and has a good application prospect.