372 results about "Ionic adsorption" patented technology

The present invention belongs to the technique field of the battery and the capacitor, and in particular to an asymmetrical water-system sodium/potassium ion battery capacitor. The invention combines an insertion-extraction mechanism of sodium ion or potassium ion in the electrode material and the double electrode layer capacitor mechanism generated by ionic adsorption into an energy storing device. In the energy storing device, the positive electrode adopts the electrode material in which the sodium ion or potassium ion can be inserted and extracted. The negative electrode adopts the porous carbon material of high specific surface area activated carbon, carbon nano-tube, carbon fiber, mesoporous carbon or carbon aerogel and the like. The electrolyte adopts the water solution containing sodium or potassium ion compound. The battery and capacitor of the invention have the advantages of wide material source, easy preparing, low cost, good security, no environmental pollution, long cycle lifetime, higher energy density and power density. The battery and capacitor can be used as the energy source of various electric appliance, and are especially suitable as the electrokinetic cell of the electric car.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a cobalt electro-catalysis oxygen reduction material wrapping a nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube. The method includes the following steps of making melamine, cobalt nitrate hexahydrate and glucose react to obtain a self-assembled melamine precursor, and baking the self-assembled melamine precursor to obtain a cobalt nanoparticle hybrid material electro-catalysis oxygen reduction agent wrapping the nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube. In preparation of the precursor, a self-assembled body can be formed through the electrostatic interaction and the hydrogen-bond interaction by means of nitrate radicals and melamine under the acid condition, cobalt ions are adsorbed into the self-assembled body, ordered arrangement and assembly of materials in the high-temperature baking process are facilitated by the pre-assembled precursor, and therefore more catalysis active sites are exposed, and the improvement of the performance of a catalyst is facilitated.

The invention relates to a saline-alkali soil improving agent and its preparation method. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Pichia membranefaciens Hansen bacterium, lactobacillus casei, Staestomyces microflavus and seaweed slurry, organically combining a plurality of beneficial microorganisms and seaweed through multi-time fermentation, culturing in a compound mode to obtain a novel microorganism agent-seaweed bio-fungus. adding a proper amount of humic acid, organic matter, active zeolite powder and molasses, fermenting and drying the fermented product. The saline-alkali soil improving agent uses a plurality of microorganisms and employs strong effects of a unique ionic adsorbent, an organic neutralization balancing agent, an ion-exchange agent and a beneficial bacteria conversion starter to achieve the purposes of improving the soil environment, regulating acid-base balance, reducing the salt content, effectively raising the soil fertility and permeability, loosening the soil, eliminating the soil hardening, degrading the harmful substance and promoting the accumulation and conversion of the organic substance.

The invention relates to a process for leaching rare earth from ion-adsorption type rare earth ore without using ammonium salt. The process comprises the step of replacing ammonium salt by taking a mixture of calcium, magnesium and sodium salts as a leaching agent and taking non-ammonium salts, such as calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydrate or sodium hydroxide as a precipitator. According to the process disclosed by the invention, the ammonia nitrogen pollution problem in exploitation of ion-adsorption type rare earth is radically solved; environmental-friendly exploitation of the ion-adsorption type rare earth can be realized; the process disclosed by the invention has higher economic benefit and social benefit.

The invention provides a porous polymer material and a preparation method thereof. The porous polymer provided by the invention is prepared by crosslinking aromatic compounds with a crosslinking agent; the specific area of the porous polymer material is up to 2000 m<2>g<-1>, and the controllable range of the pore size is 0.3-100nm; and the porous polymer material can be used as a catalyst carrier, separation membrane, gas storage material and ion adsorbent. The preparation method comprises the following step: by using dimethoxymethane or chloromethyl methyl ether as the crosslinking agent andusing Lewis acid as the catalyst, crosslinking various aromatic compounds to obtain the porous polymer material by a one step method. The method has the characteristics of cheap and accessible raw materials and simple preparation technology, and the varieties of the aromatic compounds can be flexibly selected according to different application demands.

A process for the reclamation of spent aqueous alkanolamine solutions by contacting a spent aqueous alkanolamine solution with a strong base ion exchange resin for time sufficient to sorb from the aqueous alkanolamine solution at least a portion of the accumulated ions and after a high concentration of ions accumulate on the resin, regenerating the strong base ion exchange resin by: a) purging the resin with water or nitrogen, b) contacting the strong base ion exchange resin with a sodium chloride solution for a time sufficient to remove the ions, c) purging the resin to remove the sodium chloride solution, d) contacting the resin with an alkali metal hydroxide solution, preferably sodium hydroxide, for a time sufficient to convert the resin to a substantially hydroxide form; and e) purging the resin, wherein the ion sorption capacity of the resin is maintained at a substantially constant value.

The invention discloses a preparation method for a modified walnut shell cation adsorbent, belongs to the field of modified adsorbent material preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method for the modified walnut shell cation adsorbent used for adsorption removal of anionic dye in printing and dyeing wastewater. According to the preparation method, waste materials such as walnut shells are used as raw materials; in an alkaline environment, epichlorohydrin is used as an etherifying agent, diethylenetriamine is used as a crosslinker, modifying is performed in two steps and amino groups are introduced, and the poly-amino-contained modified walnut shell cation adsorbent is prepared in a compound mode. Experiment results show that walnut shells modified through the method can absorb anionic azo dyes to the capacity of 500 mg/g, and the adsorption capacity is nearly 9 times the adsorption capacity of non-modified walnut shells. The modified walnut shell cation adsorbent is wide in raw material source, high in mechanical strength, good in chemical stabilization, low in costs, easy to regenerate, simple in modifying method, applicable to the field of printing and dyeing wastewater treatment and high in removal rate, reliable and efficient and has an extremely good prospect.

The invention discloses an ore leaching method for ion-adsorbing type rare earth ore. According to the method, a leaching agent solution is adopted for first leaching of the ion-adsorbing type rare earth ore, most of hydrated rare earth ions easy to desorb and positive ions in the leaching agent solution perform exchangeable desorption, and the rare earth ions enter a first rare earth leaching solution; then an auxiliary leaching agent solution or a mixed solution of an auxiliary leaching agent and a leaching agent is adopted for second leaching of the ion-adsorbing type rare earth ore, the auxiliary leaching agent and hydrated rare earth ions difficult to desorb in the ion-adsorbing type rare earth ore perform complexing, desorption of rare earth difficult to leach is promoted, and a second rare earth leaching solution is obtained. The ore leaching method is simple and easy to control, the leaching rate of the rare earth is increased, the consumption of the leaching agent and the auxiliary leaching agent is reduced, production costs are reduced, and the ammonia-nitrogen pollution is reduced.

The invention provides a preparation method for electrostatic spinning nano-fiber adopting a porous structure and belongs to the technical field of nano-fiber preparation. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, a polymer is dissolved in an organic solvent, then inorganic nanoparticles are added, and ultrasonic dispersion is performed, so that an electrostatic spinning solution is obtained; secondly, the electrostatic spinning solution is adopted for spinning on an electrostatic spinning device, so that composite nano-fiber of the nanoparticles and the polymer is obtained; finally, the composite nano-fiber of the nanoparticles and the polymer is soaked in a pore-forming liquid for removing the nanoparticles, and then drying is performed, so that the electrostatic spinning nano-fiber adopting the porous structure is obtained. Compared with the common electrostatic spinning fiber, the obtained porous nano-fiber has a larger specific surface area and active site, so that the load and adsorption capacity of the porous nano-fiber is improved, and the porous nano-fiber has high potential for use in technologies of material separation and concentration, catalyst carrier, medical biomaterials, ionic adsorption, wastewater treatment and the like.

The invention relates to a method for removing fluorine ions from industrial wastewater, in particular to a defluorinating method of photovoltaic wastewater. The defluorinating method of photovoltaic wastewater contains four stages of processes in turn, namely chemical precipitation, flocculation-precipitation, air flotation-filtration, and ion adsorption. The defluorinating method of photovoltaic wastewater of the invention adopts the treatment technology combined by the chemical precipitation, the flocculation-precipitation and the air flotation-filtration, combines the advantages of the treatment method which uses the adsorbent to treat low concentration wastewater and can treat the photovoltaic wastewater with high-concentration fluorine ions continuously; the invention uses modified dual-resin ion exchanger as the adsorbent, the adsorbent can perform multiple regenerations and have low operating cost; and the effluent of the process has low fluoride content and stable water quality, and the method is suitable for the industrial reuse of the tap water.

The invention discloses a method for precipitating rare earth from ionic rare earth ore magnesium sulfate leaching solution. The method specifically comprises the following steps: (1) leaching ionic adsorption type rare earth raw ore to obtain leaching solution by using magnesium sulfate solution; (2) adding a magnesium-containing precipitator into the leaching solution obtained in the step (1), so that rare earth ions in the leaching solution are precipitated out to obtain a magnesium-containing rare earth precipitate; and (3) introducing carbon dioxide gas into the magnesium-containing rare earth precipitate, wherein the aim of introducing carbon dioxide refers to accelerating the reaction and removing magnesium in the precipitate, converting the magnesium in the precipitate into easily dissoluble magnesium bicarbonate to enter the solution, and converting the rare earth into a rare earth carbonate precipitate. According to the method for precipitating rare earth from ionic rare earth ore magnesium sulfate leaching solution, ammonium bicarbonate solution is not used as a precipitator, ammonia nitrogen pollution is avoided, and the rare earth precipitation capacity is high.

A method of synthesizing ligand-conjugated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) is disclosed. The method comprises: a) providing an amine-modified silica particle; b) providing a solution comprising Au⁺³ ions; c) suspending the amine-modified silica particle in the solution comprising Au⁺³ ions; d) allowing the Au³⁺ ions to be adsorbed and/or immobilized onto the surface of the amine-modified silica particle; e) exposing the Au³⁺ ions immobilized onto the surface of the amine-modified silica particle to radiation to obtain bare gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) adsorbed and/or immobilized onto the surface of the amine-modified silica particle, wherein the bare AuNPs are without organic surface modifications; and f) reacting a ligand with the bare AuNPs adsorbed and/or immobilized onto the surface of the amine-modified SiNP and thereby obtain ligand-conjugated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs).

The invention provides a system and a method for monitoring and pre-warning for illegal exploitation of ionic adsorption rare earth ore. Based on IKONOS satellite remote sensing data, the system and the method establish interpretation signs of illegal exploitation of the ionic adsorption rare earth mine in combination with mining right data, carry out pre-warning analysis on unexploited areas of a rare earth mine in combination with geological rock mass data, and provide a good technical means for fast, accurate and dynamic monitoring and pre-warning for the ionic adsorption rare earth ore mine. The system comprises a satellite remote sensing image acquiring unit, a remote sensing image processing unit, an illegal exploitation monitoring analysis unit and an illegal exploitation pre-warning analysis unit, wherein the satellite remote sensing image acquiring unit is used for acquiring original remote sensing image data, the remote sensing image processing unit is used for pre-processing the original remote sensing image data, the illegal exploitation monitoring analysis unit is used for establishing the interpretation signs of the illegal exploitation of the ionic adsorption rare earth mine, and the illegal exploitation pre-warning analysis unit is used for establishing sings of pre-warning areas which need to be monitored intensively.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a mercury ion absorbent and application of the mercury ion absorbent, and belongs to the field of industrial wastewater treatment. A preparation method of a sulfonated grapheme/polyaniline composite is characterized by comprising the following steps: preparing sulfonated grapheme by utilizing natural graphite through a chemical oxidation method; 2) dispersing and dissolving the sulfonated grapheme into water, and adding polyaniline to obtain solution A, wherein the concentration of the sulfonated grapheme is 1-2 mg/mL, and the concentration of the polyaniline is 0.02-0.5 mol/L; 3) dissolving ammonium persulfate into hydrochloric acid to obtain a molar ratio of ammonium persulfate to polyaniline of 0.5:1-2:1 so as to obtain hydrochloric acid solution of ammonium persulfate; 4) adding the hydrochloric acid solution of ammonium persulfate into the solution A, and stirring and reacting for 6-24 hours; and 5) filtering a product obtained in the step 4), washing until filtrate is colorless, and drying in vacuum to obtain the sulfonated grapheme/polyaniline composite. The preparation method, provided by the invention, has the characteristics of low cost and good absorption performance on mercury ions.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a silver-ion absorbent, and an application of the silver-ion absorbent, belonging to the field of industrial waste water treatment. The preparation method for composite material of sulfonated graphene/polypyrrole comprises the following steps that 1) sulfonated grapheme is prepared via a chemical oxidization method by utilizing natural graphite; 2) the sulfonated grapheme is dispersed and dissolved in water, and pyrrol is added to obtain solution A, wherein the concentration of the sulfonated grapheme is 0.5-1.5mg/mL, and the concentration of the pyrrol is 0.05-0.2mol/L; 3) ammonium peroxydisulfate is dissolved in water, a mole ratio of the ammonium peroxydisulfate to the pyrrol is 0.5:1 to 2:1, and aqueous solution of the ammonium peroxydisulfate is obtained; 4) the aqueous solution of the ammonium peroxydisulfate is added into the solution A, and is mixed for a reaction for 12-36 hours; and 5) the obtained product in the step 4) is filtered and washed until the filter liquor is colorless, and the composite material of the sulfonated graphene/polypyrrole is obtained after the filter liquor is dried by vacuum baking. The composite material of the sulfonated graphene/polypyrrole has a remarkable absorbing and recycling performance for silver ions.

The invention relates to a method for synchronously recycling kaolin and rare earth from ion adsorption type rare earth ore. Ion adsorption type rare earth green ore and water are added to a pulp pool for pulp pounding, rare earth leaching agent is added at the same time, rare earth ion and rare earth leaching agent in the ion adsorption type rare earth green ore flow into the ore pulp after ion exchange reaction. The ore pulp formed by pounding is operated through kaolin wetwashing process, the acquired middling and concentrated ore are filtered, the filter mass is dried to from kaolin, the precipitate produced by adding rare earth precipitator to the filtrate is dried to acquire the rare earth. According the invention, the green ore is pounded, so that rare earth leaching agent can sufficiently react with ion type rare earth in the green ore, making the recovery rate of rare earth higher than that of current method.

The invention discloses a multi-level hole TiO2/quantum dot/dye lamination thin-film solar cell photo-anode. A bottom layer is a multi-level hole TiO2 thin film prepared on a transparent conductive substrate. A middle layer is an I-III-VI-group quantum dot thin film. A secondary upper layer is a semiconductor oxide barrier layer. An upmost layer is a dye layer. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the multi-level hole TiO2/quantum dot/dye lamination thin-film solar cell photo-anode. The method comprises the steps of firstly, preparing the bottom layer, namely the multi-level hole TiO2 thin film, on the conductive substrate, then, preparing the I-III-VI-group quantum dot thin film, namely the middle layer thin film, on the multi-level hole TiO2 thin film by means of the chemical sedimentation method or the continuous ionic adsorption method, then preparing the secondary upper layer, namely the semiconductor oxide barrier layer, on the middle layer, namely the I-III-VI-group quantum dot thin film, by means of the dipping film-drawing method, and finally soaking the lamination layers in a dye solution to obtain the upmost layer, namely the dye layer. Compared with the prior art, the multi-level hole TiO2/quantum dot/dye lamination thin-film solar cell photo-anode is of the multi-level hole structure, and has the high specific surface area, dispersion and adsorption of dye and an electrolyte are facilitated, sunlight of different spectra is absorbed due to the synergistic effect of the lamination structure, the absorption spectrum range is broadened, and the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of a solar cell is improved.

The invention discloses a composite ionic adsorption material which is a spherical particle prepared by taking 80-85 parts of zeolitefine powder subjected to water bath modification by 0.8-1.0mol/L NaCl solution, 10-20 parts of medical stone fine powder, and 10-20 parts of kieselguhr fine powder as base materials, and 6 parts of activated carbon powder as a pore former and firing, wherein the diameter of the spherical particle is 2-12mm, and the pore volume of the spherical particle is 0.645-0.650 cm<3>/g. Activated zeolite is added to medical stone and kieselguhr to prepare the novel compound ionic material, and the zeolite, the medical stone and the kieselguhr jointly exert adsorption effects. The salt modified zeolite and medical stone increase an ionic exchange space and internal surface area, so that the adsorption capacity of the prepared composite adsorption material is further improved, and a better adsorption effect is achieved.

The invention discloses preparation and an application for an amine-terminated hyperbranched polymer grafted graphene oxide magnetic anion adsorbent. According to the preparation method, a Michael addition reaction and a polycondensation reaction are performed by an amination reagent and methyl acrylate to obtain an amine-terminated hyperbranched polymer; then the amine-terminated hyperbranched polymer is grafted onto magnetic graphene oxide under an alkaline condition; and the amine-terminated hyperbranched polymer grafted graphene oxide magnetic anion adsorbent is obtained through washing and drying. The prepared amine-terminated hyperbranched polymer grafted graphene oxide magnetic anion adsorbent contains an amino functional group with high density, the functional group showing electropositivity amino can achieve high enrichment and rapid removal of anion pollutants showing electronegativity, and therefore, the adsorbent has a high adsorption capacity for the anion pollutants, especially Cr (VI).

The invention discloses a biological adsorbent capable of removing fluorine and heavy metals in wastewater, a preparation method and an application method. The preparation method of the biological adsorbent takes filamentous fungi as the raw material and comprises the following steps: preparing a liquid culture medium by using crops rich in sugar and starch, culturing at the constant temperature, simultaneously stirring and reacting the liquid culture medium with an aluminum sulfate liquid, filtering, washing and drying to prepare the biological adsorbent. The biological adsorbent is simple in preparation process, low in preparation cost, mild in experiment operating conditions and free of secondary pollution, is environment-friendly, is high in fluorine ion adsorption capacity being 98.2mg/g, and is capable of simultaneously, efficiently and quickly removing fluorine ions and heavy metal ions such as lead, zinc, copper, cadmium and the like in the wastewater.

The invention discloses a leaching method for increasing the leaching rate of ionic adsorption type rare earth ore. According to the leaching method, a leaching aid agent is added into a leaching agent so that a leaching solution can be prepared, and then, the ionic adsorption type rare earth ore is leached; or the ionic adsorption type rare earth ore is subjected to drip washing through a leaching aid agent solution at first, after drip washing liquid of the ionic adsorption type rare earth ore is collected, a leaching agent is added so that a leaching solution can be prepared, and the ionic adsorption type rare earth ore subjected to drip washing through the leaching solution is leached; and the leaching aid agent is a mixture comprising one or more of succinic acid, sodium succinate, succinic acid and ammonium succinate. According to the leaching method, one or more of the succinic acid, the sodium succinate, the succinic acid and the ammonium succinate are adopted as the leaching aid agent, the aggregation of clay particles in ore is maintained, migration of the clay mineral particles in the leaching process is reduced, meanwhile, the ore penetrating quality can be improved moderately, and the leaching rate is increased.

The invention relates to a polyether sulfone/alginate composite hollow fiber membrane and a preparation method thereof. The composite hollow fiber membrane is composed of polyether sulfone and an alginate, wherein the polyether sulfone accounts for 85%-99% of the solid content of the hollow fiber membrane, while the alginate accounts for 1%-15% of the solid content of the hollow fiber membrane; the polyether sulfone is adopted as the network framework of a porous membrane, while the alginate forms a spongy reticular structure and embedded into macropores of the porous membrane. The composite hollow fiber membrane is prepared through the following steps: preparing a spinning solution by mixing the polyether sulfone with a pore-foaming agent and an organic solvent, extruding by use of a spinning jet, carrying out wet spinning or dry-wet spinning, curing in a coagulating bath containing a monovalent alginate to generate a hollow fiber membrane, next, treating the hollow fiber membrane by use of the aqueous solution of a bivalent metal salt, and then performing drawing, water washing and drying. The polyether sulfone/alginate composite hollow fiber membrane is capable of resisting steam sterilization, has high hydrophily and ion adsorptivity and is capable of adsorbing an anticoagulant so as to prevent phenomena such as coagulation in vitro during hemodialysis; the preparation method of the membrane is suitable for industrial production.

The invention discloses a chitosan-grafting amino acid magnetic composite microsphere. The microsphere is provided with a core-shell structure, a chitosan-amino acid composite is used as a shell, and a magnetic material is used as a core; the composite is obtained in a grafting method of chitosan and amino acid; the amino acid is one of glutamine, glutamic acid and ornithine; the content of the amino acid in the composite is 5 to 80 percent by weight; the magnetic material is Fe or Fe3O4, and the magnetic material accounts for 10 to 20 percent of the total weight of the chitosan and amino acid. The chitosan-grafting amino acid magnetic composite microsphere can be used as a water treating agent, harmful substances (such as dyestuff substances and metal ions) in water can be effectively eliminated, various functions such as good flocculation, metal ion adsorption, deodorization, decoloration and effective reduction of COD value can be realized, the functions can be completed in a short time, and the application efficiency of the material can be improved. The chitosan-grafting amino acid magnetic composite microsphere has given universality and is applicable to waste water in dyeing enterprises, electroplating enterprises and the like.

The invention belongs to the field of high polymer material and environmental protection technology, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a lead ion imprinting crosslinking chitosan nanofiber adsorbing material applied to the wastewater containing lead. The method comprises the following steps of: preparing spinning solution by mixing the solution of chitosan and lead chloride and the solution of trifluoroacetic acid and dichloromethane according to a certain proportion; preparing the chitosan nanofiber adsorbing material by using an electrospinning process;and removing chelate ions by crosslinking agent crosslinking and solution washing treatments to obtain the lead ion imprinting crosslinking chitosan nanofiber adsorbing material. Lead ion adsorption experiments show that the adsorption amount of the adsorbing material for lead ions in the wastewater containing lead can reach 500-700mg/g, and the adsorption amount is far better than that of the traditional adsorbing material; and the preparation method of the absorbing material is simple and practical and has good promotional value.

The embodiment of the invention relates to a rare earth ore leaching agent. The rare earth ore leaching agent comprises ammonium thiosulfate, ammonium sulfate and ammonium chloride. Rare earth ions are exchanged and desorbed through NH4+ in the three kinds of ammonium salt; through the positive synergistic effect of the ammonium thiosulfate, the ammonium sulfate and the ammonium chloride, the rare earth ore leaching agent in the embodiment can improve the rare earth ion leaching efficiency and reduce the content of aluminum and iron impurity ions in leaching liquid; and in addition, the agent cost is low, and the rare earth ore leaching agent can be used for the development and utilization of semi-weathering ionic adsorption type rare earth ore. A rare earth leaching process in the embodiment is simple, the high leaching rate and the high selective leaching of the rare earth ions can be achieved, and the rare earth ore leaching agent and leaching process are suitable for industrial large-scale use.