The application belongs to the technical field of heterocyclic compounds, and particularly relates to a preparation method of
arecoline and a preparation method of a base material of a
betel quid. 1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine and
formic acid are dissolved in water, an aqueous
formaldehyde solution is added after being heated, and then the mixture is kept warm, the pH is adjusted, and an
organic layer is extracted. The
organic layer is spin-dried to obtain N-methyl tetrahydropyridine. The N-methyl tetrahydropyridine is dissolved in N,N-
dimethylacetamide, a
palladium catalyst, a
palladium catalyst ligand and an
organic base catalyst are added, and then the mixture is heated after being replaced by
nitrogen.
Methyl chloroformate is added under the protection of
nitrogen to react, and then the mixture is cooled and filtered to obtain a filtrate. Methyl
sulfonic acid is added to the filtrate to react, and then the mixture is cooled and filtered to obtain
arecoline methanesulfonate. The
arecoline methanesulfonate is added to water, the pH is adjusted, and then the mixture is extracted. The obtained
organic layer is concentrated to obtain arecoline crude product, and then the arecoline crude product is subjected to negative pressure rectification to obtain pure arecoline. The process flow is greatly simplified, the production conversion is facilitated, the yield of the prepared arecoline is high, and the purity of the prepared arecoline is high.