341results about How to "Mild treatment conditions" patented technology

The present invention pertains to a method for preparation of superhydrophobic timber on the basis of a sol-gel method, and the method is as follows: (1), silica sol synthesis, to be more specific, materials are prepared in the volume ratio of ammonia to anhydrous ethanol to ethyl orthosilicate of 1:15 to 17:1; (2), hydrophobic modification of monodispersed nano silica sol, to be more specific, hexadecyl trimethoxysilane, or triethoxysilane-1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-heptadecafluorodecyl silane is used for hydrophobic modification of the synthesized monodispersed nano silica sol, and the hydrophobic agent promotes mutual aggregation of nanoparticles to promote the formation of aggregates of silica nanoparticles; and (3) timber coating processing, to be more specific, the timber surface is coated with the hydrophobically modified silica sol solution by dipping or spraying process. Contact angles of the processed timber surface and water droplets are greater than 150 degrees, roll angles are less than 10 degrees, and a superhydrophobic film has good resistance to acid and alkali erosion and stability in high-humidity environment. The method is simple in operation, less demanding on equipment, and capable of scale production, and has wide market prospects.

The invention discloses a method for stabilizing the wheat bran specially used for the whole wheat flour, which is mainly characterized in that: the wheat bran is treated by steam and dried by the ultraviolet microwave so that the wheat bran is stabilized. Due to the adoption of the method, the activity of the lipase and the lipoxygenase in the wheat bran can be reduced significantly, and the storage stability of the wheat bran can be improved significantly. In addition, the treated wheat bran has little difference from the non-stabilized wheat bran in colour and organoleptic quality, the content of total phenols in the treated wheat bran is increased slightly, and the antioxidant activity of the treated wheat bran is improved obviously. The method is simple and practical, has an obvious effect and effectively solves a series of problems of the existing method for stabilizing the wheat bran that the equipment has high cost, the operation process is burdensome and complicated, the wheat bran has poor storage stability, the colour of the stabilized wheat bran is dark, the efficacy and the activity are lost, and the stabilized wheat bran is not suitable for producing the whole wheat flour, thereby creating the conditions for producing the high-quality whole wheat flour with long shelf life.

The invention discloses a reduction-oxidation graphene-Fe3O4 nano composite, a preparation method thereof, and an application of the reduction-oxidation graphene-Fe3O4 nano composite in absorbing bisphenol A. The reduction-oxidation graphene-Fe3O4 nano composite comprises Fe3O4 nano particles and reduction-oxidation graphene. The reduction-oxidation graphene-Fe3O4 nano composite and a solution containing the bisphenol A are in full contact in an ambient temperature, the bisphenol A is absorbed and removed. Compared with the prior art, the advantages of small material dose, simplicity in operation, mild processing condition, fast processing speed, and no harm for the environment, and recycling nano-composite materials, and the like are achieved.

The invention discloses a silk fibroin gel microneedle system and a manufacturing method of the silk fibroin gel system microneedle system. Silk fibroin solution with the mass concentration between 3 percent to 15 percent is processed through ultrasonic oscillation and then is poured on a polydimethylsiloxane film needle hole die array obtained through laser boring, dies are placed in a vacuum drying box and vacuumized, the solution is made to enter holes, the vacuum degree is kept, the dies are dried to constant weight, and then the silk fibroin gel microneedle system is obtained. The microneedle system is an insoluble gel microneedle and has certain brute force to puncture into the skin, the microneedle system swells after making contact with body fluid in the skin, and medicine in the microneedle system is released. The gel microneedle system is good in biocompatibility, easy to prepare, moderate in condition and capable of biodegradation, and the system can be used in the aspects of cosmetology, transdermal drug absorption devices and the like.

The method relates to the method to extract the sunflower oil and recover the protein by water-enzyme method. The producing procedure comprises the following steps: dry-pulverizing the uncoated sunflower seed, adding citrate buffer to the powder and decomposing the powder by compound cellulose; centrifugalizing to get free oil, emulsion, digest and tablet; high speed centrifugalizing to get some free oil; filtering, vacuum concentrating, alcohol precipitating, centrifugalizing and freeze-drying to recycle the protein. The special treatment in the invention has substantially increased the free oil yield and the quality of the free oil is better than the refined oil. The water-extracting and alcohol-precipitating method to get the protein is simple and efficient; besides, the method has maintained the sunflower protein's nutritive value and functional value very well. Compared with the traditional squeezing and water-extracting technologies, the invention has many advantages such as simple producing equipments, safe operation, less energy expenditure and less pollution.

The invention provides a biophysical method for removing the endopleura of a walnut. The walnut with the shell is soaked by tap water for 12 to 24 hours, the shell is removed, the kernel is taken out, pectinase with the activity being 30000 IU is dissolved into disodium hydrogen phosphate-citric acid buffer liquid with the pH being 3.2 to 3.8, and 3 percent to 5 percent of pectic enzyme liquid is prepared and is heated to 50 DEG C. The soaked walnut kernel is soaked in the pectic enzyme liquid and is placed into an ultrasonic generator with the power being 250W and the work frequency being 40KHZ, the enzymolysis and the ultrasonic treatment are carried out for 2.5 to 5 hours at the constant temperature being 50 DEG C, the walnut kernel is fished out and is sprayed and flushed by flowing water with the pressure being 7 to 10 MPa until the endopleura is completely removed, the walnut kernel with the advantages that the color and the luster are opacified, the kernel fruit is complete, the texture is flexible, the mouth feeling and the flavor are pure and sweet as those of the fresh walnut kernel can be obtained, and when the walnut kernel is in vacuum package and freezing storage, a fresh walnut kernel storage method is obtained. The biophysical method adopts the advanced biological enzyme technology to be combined with the ultrasonic physical technology and has the obvious characteristics that the operation is simple, the processing condition is mild, no chemical pollution exists, the kernel and the nutrition are kept complete, and the sensory quality is good.

The invention discloses an efficient biological desulfurization method for coal, which is characterized in that coal is crushed through a crusher until the particle size is below 150 meshes; and three bacteria, namely Thiobacillus thioxidans, Thiobacillus caldus and Pseudomonas stutzeri, are adopted. The desulfurization process comprises the following sequential steps: removing organic sulfur in the coal through the Pseudomonas stutzeri; after the primary desulfurization is finished, preparing the Thiobacillus thioxidans and the Thiobacillus caldus into a desulfurization solution according to a certain total bacterial count ratio, and removing inorganic sulfur of the coal; and washing the desulfurized coal with water, filtering, and drying. The total sulfur removal ratio of the desulfurized coal is up to 57.8%; and the method is simple to operate, mild in treatment conditions and low in cost, and effectively retains effective components in the coal, thus being a desulfurization technology having very wide market prospects.

The invention relates to a process method for separating and extracting straw lignin by using eutectic ionic liquid. The method comprises the following steps of: adding a straw powder raw material and eutectic ionic liquid into a normal pressure reactor according to a certain mass ratio, performing mixing and stirring for reaction at 110-160 DEG C for a certain period of time, then regulating the pH value of the mixture to about 11 by using an alkali, performing high-speed centrifugation, and keeping an upper layer solution; and then regulating the pH value of the solution to be less than 3 by using an acid, performing centrifugation again, then washing and centrifuging a deposit by using distilled water until the supernatant is neutral, and performing freeze drying on the final deposit to obtain lignin. The method has the characteristics that the eutectic ionic liquid is prepared under a very mild condition by using low-price and nontoxic choline chloride and an H-bond donor as raw materials, and is used for separating and extracting lignin from rice straws, the raw materials are easy to obtain, the price is low, the process is simple, the condition is mild, the reaction is easy to control, and the energy consumption can be effectively reduced.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a modified ZSM-5 zeolite toluene disproportionation catalyst which is treated by alkali. The zeolite powder which takes ZSM-5 as active components is added in a caking agent to be formed, and then the formed zeolite is treated by 0.01-0.4mol/L of alkali solution at the temperature of 25-75 DEG C and is exchanged into hydrogen type zeolite; after being washed by organic acid and dried by the catalyst, the hydrogen type zeolite is modified by chemical liquid deposition with cyclohexane solution of ethyl orthosilicate, dried and calcined to obtain the catalyst. The obtained catalyst is especially used for preparing benzene and paraxylene by shape selection and disproportionation of toluene, thus obviously improving the transformation ratio of the toluene, and after the catalyst is used in the toluene disproportionation, the transformation ratio of the toluene is increased by 6-10% and secondary reaction is reduced.

The invention relates to a preparation method for yeast cytoderm beta-1,3-glucans, comprising the following steps: firstly, impurity treatment, namely yeast dry powder is dispersed into water and impurities in the yeast dry powder are filtered; secondly, alkali treatment, namely alkalis are added into filtered yeast suspension and final concentration of alkalis in the suspension is still 0.5 to 7 percent; thirdly, cleaning, namely supernatants are absorbed by means of siphonage until that the supernatants are clear without impurities and PH value is 7 to 8; fourthly, sponging drying, and beta-1,3-glucan solid powder is obtained finally. The invention has the advantages that: firstly, commercial process cost is reduced; secondly, because operating procedures and devices used are simple, the method is easy to realize commercial process; thirdly, protein removal rate in raw materials is high, and yield and purity of the product beta-1,3-glucans are high.

The invention relates to a load type solid catalyst for a heterogeneous phase Fenton system and an application thereof in water treatment. The load type solid catalyst for the heterogeneous phase Fenton system comprises an active ingredient aurum and a carrier, wherein the aurum is loaded on the carrier or in the carrier. The invention also provides a water treatment method.

The invention provides a compound porous electrode and the preparation method thereof as well as a flow battery comprising the compound porous electrode. The preparation method of the compound porous electrode comprises the following steps of: step S1, dispersing the solution with a graphene oxygen-containing derivative to a porous electrode body, thus obtaining a prefabricated body of the compound porous electrode; step S2, removing the solvent of the solution in the prefabricated body of the compound porous electrode, thereby obtaining the compound porous electrode. According to the preparation method provided by the invention, oxygen-containing groups on the surface of the graphene oxygen-containing derivative of the acquired compound porous electrode can catalyze the electrochemical reactions between vanadium ion electrons, the conduction performance of electrons is optimized, the electrochemical activity of the electrode is improved, furthermore, during the compounding process of the graphene oxygen-containing derivative and the porous electrode body, the graphene oxygen-containing derivative cannot cause an overoxidation effect on the porous electrode body, and furthermore no negative effect is caused to the stability and service life of electrode materials; meanwhile, the preparation method is simple in technical process, mild in treatment conditions and suitable for industrial application.

The invention relates to a treatment method and an application of antibiotic bacterial residues, and aims to solve problems that existing bacterial residue treatment methods are long in period, still have the environmental risk after treatment and the like. The method comprises steps as follows: 1) fresh bacterial residues are placed in a reaction tank, the moisture content is controlled between 85% and 95%, and the bacterial residues are evenly mixed; 2) the reaction tank containing the bacterial residues is placed in a microwave reactor, heated to 100 DEG C by a microwave generator with the microwave power of 100-900 W and kept for 10 min; 3) the antibiotic bacterial residues after the reaction are subjected to centrifugal separation, and obtained bacterial residues are precipitated and dried. With the adoption of the method, antibiotic residues in the bacterial residues can be removed quickly, and harmless treatment and recovery of the bacterial residues are realized.

The invention discloses a method for separating high-purity lignin by treating agricultural and forestry wastes with a green solvent. The method comprises the following steps that 1, a hydrogen bond acceptor and a hydrogen bond donor are heated and dissolved to obtain a low eutectic solvent system of a uniform transparent solution; 2, the agricultural and forestry wastes serve as raw materials, alow eutectic solvent serves as a reaction solvent, and the raw materials and the reaction solvent react in a reaction kettle; 3, after the reaction is completed, cooling is conducted, solid and liquidare centrifugally separated, and the separated liquid is precipitated through deionized water, centrifuged and freeze-dried to obtain the high-purity lignin; 4, rotary evaporation is carried out on the liquid obtained through centrifugation to recover the eutectic solvent. The reaction raw materials in the separation method are the agricultural and forestry wastes, low in cost and environmentallyfriendly, and the low eutectic solvent is easy to prepare, low in cost, free of toxins, recyclable and free of a complex preparation process. According to the method, the treatment conditions are mild, the extraction process is simple, the reaction is easy to control, and the energy consumption is effectively reduced. The obtained lignin is high in purity.

The invention discloses a preparation method of graphene. The method is simple in technology and easy to operate, and the obtained graphene is excellent in electric conduction, heat conduction and mechanical performances. With the method, the mechanical strength, heat-conducting property and anti-static function of polypropylene resin can be greatly improved, and the additional value of plastics is improved. The method belongs to physical exfoliation processes in which the treatment condition is mild and the quality of graphene cannot be damaged; and the exfoliation degree of the graphene is high through the two times of physical exfoliation processes. Therefore, the number of layers of graphene can be reduced; the yield of single-layer graphene is improved; and the high-quality graphene is finally obtained. Moreover, the influence of the preparation conditions of the method on the quality and yield of the graphene product is little; the product quality and yield are easy to control; and the method is suitable for large-scale production. Besides, the raw materials used in the method disclosed by the invention are all industrial products, and are easy to obtain and low in cost; and the production process is free of pollution.

The invention relates to an electrochemical modification treatment method of carbon fiber surface. The electrochemical modification treatment method comprises the steps of: modifying carbon nanotubes by adopting a nitric acid and sulfuric acid chemical oxidization method or an electrochemical method; dissolving modified carbon nanotubes in ethanol, acetonitrile, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, tetrahydrofuran, protoporphyrin disodium, carbon tetrachloride, petroleum ether, acetone, chloroform or water, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment or stirring to form uniformly dispersed emulsion or suspension so as to prepare an electrolyte solution containing 0.01-10 mg/mL of carbon nanotubes; and applying voltage or current on a carbon fiber electrode in the electrolyte solution containing the carbon nanotubes with carbon fiber as an anode electrode and a conductive metal or graphite material as a cathode electrode while controlling the temperature of the electrolyte solution at 20-80 DEG C, then cleaning and drying. The electrochemical modification treatment method provided by the invention has the advantages of being simple, practical and capable of being industrialized.

The invention relates to lignin nanoparticles and a preparation method and an application thereof, the method comprises the following steps: mixing a hydrogen bond acceptor and a hydrogen bond donor, heating to obtain a homogeneous transparent eutectic solvent, and cooling to room temperature; uniformly mixing a lignocellulose raw material with a deep-eutectic solvent to form a solid-liquid mixture; carrying out heat treatment on the solid-liquid mixture to obtain a pretreated mixture; cooling and washing the pretreated mixture, then carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain solid-phase pretreated cellulose residues and a liquid-phase component, drying the solid-phase pretreated cellulose residues, and collecting the dried solid-phase pretreated cellulose residues; evaporating and concentrating the liquid component, adding the liquid component into a reversed-phase solvent to precipitate lignin nanoparticles, centrifuging, drying and collecting; and step E, recovering the eutectic solvent in the centrifugate for recycling. The lignin nanoparticles have antioxidant activity comparable with that of a commercial antioxidant dibutylated hydroxytoluene, and have wide application prospects in the industries of food packaging materials, skin care medicine and the like.

The invention provides a biological enzyme pretreatment method for textiles. The biological enzyme pretreatment method comprises the following steps: padding a textile in a biological compound enzyme liquid at 20 to 70 DEG C till the liquid content is 80 to 100%; carrying out cold batching at 20 to 40 DEG C for 6 to 12 hours, or carrying out steaming with 50 to 70 DEG C saturated steam for 0.5 to 1 hour; washing with 70 to 80 DEG C hot water for 2 to 4 times; carrying out oxygen bleaching with an oxygen bleaching liquid till the liquid content is 80 to 100%; carrying out steaming with 100 DEG C saturated steam for 10 to 30 minutes; washing with 70 to 80 DEG C hot water for 2 to 4 times again; drying. The biological enzyme pretreatment method has the advantages that treatment before desizing and refining is realized with the biological compound enzyme in one step; a bleaching auxiliary agent replaces caustic soda in the oxygen bleaching step, so that the neutralizing step of the conventional alkali wastewater treatment process is eliminated, energy and water are saved, and pollution and cost are reduced; meanwhile, the quality of a textile treated according to the biological enzyme pretreatment method is higher than that of a textile treated according to the conventional process, the desizing rate of the textile subjected to enzymatic treatment is equal to or higher than 98%; the capillary effect is equal to or higher than 10cm/15min (radial); the whiteness is equal to or higher than 89.

A liquid extract of carrot used for flavouring the cigarettes is prepared from carrot through pulverizing, loading the powdered carrot into extractor, adding alcohol, supercritical CO2 extracting, adding alcohol to the liquid extract, dripping H2O2, refluxing to obtain the oxidized product, adding sodium bromohydride, refluxing, cooling and filtering.

A method for the treatment of bauxite flotation tailings relates to a method for making clay fire brick by means of bauxite flotation tailings and reclaiming the iron mineral in the tailings to make ferrous oxalate and ferric oxide. The method is characterized in that: firstly, the making process adopts oxalic acid leach bauxite cradling tailings iron mineral so as to remove iron; then, tailings is filtered and separated to make clay fire bricks. The method removes most impurity iron in the tailings at first so as to ensure that the content of ferric oxide in the tailings drops to less than 1.5 percent; meanwhile, only less than 1 percent of aluminum is leached out, and the crystal structure of the aluminum mineral in the tailings is not damaged basically; moreover, the flotation tailings with iron removed can be used to make qualified clay fire bricks.